BCN
2013 report on the state of implementation 
and impact of actions by the ABITS Agency 
in its comprehensive approach to prostitution 
and human trafficking for the purpose of 
sexual exploitation 
2013
Report
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
2	
  
	
  
	
  
Contents	
  
1.	
  Introduction	
  .......................................................................................................................................	
  3	
  
2.	
  The	
  Socio-­‐Educational	
  Assistance	
  Service	
  (SAS)	
  ..................................................................................	
  4	
  
2.1.	
  Description	
  of	
  the	
  service	
  .....................................................................................................................	
  4	
  
2.2.	
  Figures	
  on	
  assistance	
  provided	
  in	
  the	
  public	
  way	
  ................................................................................	
  6	
  
2.3.	
  Main	
  user	
  requests	
  ...............................................................................................................................	
  7	
  
2.4.	
  Assistance	
  at	
  the	
  office	
  and	
  individual	
  work	
  plans	
  ...............................................................................	
  7	
  
2.5.	
  Sociodemographic	
  profile	
  (SAS)	
  ...........................................................................................................	
  9	
  
2.6.	
  Accompaniment	
  to	
  resources	
  and	
  interventions	
  ...............................................................................	
  11	
  
2.7.	
  Networking	
  .........................................................................................................................................	
  14	
  
3.	
  Assistance	
  to	
  women	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  in	
  enclosed	
  spaces	
  (bars,	
  clubs	
  and	
  apartments)	
  ........	
  15	
  
3.1.	
  Assistance	
  to	
  women	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  in	
  enclosed	
  spaces	
  in	
  the	
  Eixample	
  district	
  ...............	
  15	
  
3.2.	
  Assistance	
  to	
  women	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  in	
  enclosed	
  spaces	
  in	
  Les	
  Corts	
  district	
  .....................	
  18	
  
3.3.	
  Assistance	
  to	
  women	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  in	
  enclosed	
  spaces	
  in	
  the	
  other	
  districts	
  of	
  the	
  city.	
  .	
  20	
  
4.	
  Other	
  social	
  assistance	
  services	
  ........................................................................................................	
  22	
  
4.1.	
  Intervention	
  and	
  assistance	
  for	
  women	
  in	
  situations	
  of	
  intermediate	
  emergency	
  and	
  social	
  
inclusion	
  ..............................................................................................................................................	
  22	
  
4.2.	
  “Socio-­‐sanitary	
  pills”	
  for	
  women	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  in	
  the	
  public	
  way	
  .....................................	
  24	
  
5.	
  Services	
  and	
  training	
  resources	
  for	
  training	
  and	
  integration	
  into	
  employment	
  ..................................	
  25	
  
5.1.	
  DIR	
  Comprehensive	
  programme	
  for	
  the	
  re-­‐employment	
  of	
  women	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  ...........	
  25	
  
5.2.	
  ITI	
  Personal	
  advisory	
  itinerary	
  for	
  the	
  employment	
  of	
  women	
  who	
  have	
  been	
  engaged	
  in	
  
prostitution	
  .........................................................................................................................................	
  33	
  
5.3.	
  ACCIÓ	
  Programme	
  of	
  comprehensive	
  intervention	
  for	
  transsexual	
  people	
  linked	
  to	
  prostitution	
  
milieus	
  in	
  the	
  city	
  of	
  Barcelona	
  ...........................................................................................................	
  36	
  
5.4.	
  Training,	
  employment	
  and	
  social	
  integration	
  programme	
  with	
  training	
  and	
  employment	
  itineraries	
  	
  	
  	
  
	
  ............................................................................................................................................................	
  39	
  
5.5.	
  The	
  “Dona	
  Impuls”	
  Social	
  and	
  Employment	
  Integration	
  Programme	
  ................................................	
  42	
  
5.6.	
  Special	
  accompaniment	
  mechanism	
  for	
  the	
  integration	
  into	
  the	
  employment	
  market	
  and	
  the	
  social	
  
fabric	
   of	
   women	
   engaged	
   in	
   prostitution	
   who	
   seek	
   employment	
   alternatives	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
44	
  
5.7.	
  Enfilant	
  l’Agulla	
  (“Threading	
  the	
  Needle”)	
  innovation	
  programme	
  ...................................................	
  46	
  
5.8.	
  Rosas	
  Crafts	
  Programme	
  of	
  Training	
  in	
  Sewing	
  ..................................................................................	
  47	
  
6.	
  Services	
  aimed	
  at	
  victims	
  of	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  ......................	
  48	
  
6.1.	
  Approach	
  by	
  the	
  Socio-­‐Educational	
  Assistance	
  Service	
  to	
  cases	
  of	
  women	
  victims	
  of	
  human	
  
trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation.	
  .............................................................................	
  48	
  
6.2	
  Comprehensive	
  assistance	
  for	
  women	
  involved	
  in	
  prostitution	
  and	
  women	
  who	
  are	
  victims	
  of	
  
human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  .................................................................	
  50	
  
6.3.	
  RAI	
  Intervention	
  for	
  the	
  recovery,	
  empowerment	
  and	
  integration	
  into	
  employment	
  of	
  women	
  
who	
  have	
  been	
  victims	
  of	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  ........................	
  53	
  
6.4.	
  Other	
  resources	
  for	
  victims	
  of	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  .................	
  58	
  
7.	
  Networking	
  and	
  cooperation	
  ............................................................................................................	
  59	
  
7.1.	
  ABITS	
  Plan	
  Technical	
  Committee	
  ........................................................................................................	
  59	
  
7.2.	
  Other	
  areas	
  of	
  action	
  ..........................................................................................................................	
  59	
  
7.3.	
  Knowledge	
  acquired	
  through	
  networking.	
  Considerations	
  on	
  the	
  sociodemographic	
  profile	
  of	
  
women	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  in	
  the	
  city	
  of	
  Barcelona	
  ...................................................................	
  61	
  
8.	
  Economic	
  distribution	
  .......................................................................................................................	
  63	
  
9.	
  Impact	
  indicators	
  for	
  programmes	
  of	
  integration	
  	
  into	
  employment	
  .................................................	
  65	
  
10.	
  Indicators	
  of	
  programmes	
  to	
  enter	
  enclosed	
  spaces	
  ........................................................................	
  67	
  
11.	
  Evaluation	
  and	
  conclusions	
  .............................................................................................................	
  68	
  
	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
3	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
1.	
  Introduction	
  
	
   	
  
In	
  2006,	
  the	
  Barcelona	
  City	
  Council	
  Plenary	
  Council	
  approved	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Plan.	
  In	
  order	
  to	
  implement	
  this	
  
plan,	
   the	
   agency	
   of	
   the	
   same	
   name	
  was	
   established	
   in	
   accordance	
   with	
   the	
  municipal	
   ordinance	
   on	
  
measures	
  to	
  promote	
  and	
  guarantee	
  co-­‐existence	
  amongst	
  citizens	
   in	
  the	
  public	
  space.	
  This	
  ordinance	
  
had	
  entered	
  into	
  effect	
  just	
  a	
  few	
  months	
  previously.	
  	
  
On	
   28	
  October	
   2011,	
   the	
   governing	
   team	
   presented	
   a	
   government	
  measure	
   aimed	
   at	
   improving	
   and	
  
relaunching	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency.	
  This	
  decision	
  was	
  taken	
  in	
  view	
  of	
  the	
  importance	
  that	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Plan	
  has	
  
acquired	
  during	
  the	
  current	
  mandate	
  and	
  the	
  existence	
  of	
  the	
  political	
  will	
  to	
  provide	
  a	
  response	
  to	
  the	
  
phenomenon	
   of	
   prostitution	
   in	
   the	
   city	
   of	
   Barcelona	
   and	
   to	
   give	
   assistance	
   to	
   people	
   who	
   are	
   in	
   a	
  
situation	
  of	
  vulnerability,	
  taking	
  a	
  comprehensive,	
  global	
  and	
  coordinated	
  approach	
  within	
  the	
  powers	
  
available	
  to	
  Barcelona	
  City	
  Council.	
  
The	
   measure	
   served	
   to	
   establish	
   the	
   three	
   principles	
   on	
   which	
   all	
   government	
   action	
   	
   regarding	
  	
  
prostitution	
  are	
  based:	
  
	
  
1. Combating	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation.1	
  
2. Penalising	
  demand	
  for	
  paid	
  sexual	
  relations.	
  
3. Providing	
  assistance	
  to	
  people	
  that	
  have	
  been	
  drawn	
   into	
  prostitution	
  and	
  are	
   in	
  situations	
  of	
  
vulnerability.	
  
	
  
In	
  order	
   to	
  pursue	
   these	
  goals,	
   the	
  measure	
  provides	
   for	
  a	
   series	
  of	
  actions	
   in	
   the	
   field	
  of	
  assistance,	
  
municipal	
  coordination	
  and	
  coordination	
  with	
  other	
  public	
  authorities	
  and	
   institutions.	
  To	
  achieve	
  the	
  
new	
   objectives	
   established	
   and	
   to	
   ensure	
   the	
   effective	
   implementation	
   of	
   the	
   actions	
   planned,	
   the	
  
ABITS	
  Agency’s	
  budget	
  was	
  increased	
  by	
  67%	
  in	
  2012.	
  This	
  increase	
  was	
  maintained	
  in	
  the	
  2014	
  budget,	
  
despite	
  the	
  current	
  context	
  of	
  spending	
  restraints.	
  
This	
  report	
   includes	
  figures	
  on	
  the	
  various	
  programmes	
  that	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  has	
   implemented	
  up	
  to	
  
the	
  31st	
  of	
  December	
  2013.	
  The	
   report	
   therefore	
  presents	
  a	
   series	
  of	
   closed	
  annual	
  data	
   that	
  enable	
  
comparisons	
  to	
  be	
  made	
  with	
  previous	
  years.	
  The	
  final	
  section	
  contains	
  conclusions	
  and	
  evaluations	
  of	
  
the	
  actions	
  carried	
  out	
  to	
  the	
  present	
  date.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
1	
  See	
  page	
  50	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
4	
  
	
  
	
  
2.	
  The	
  Socio-­‐Educational	
  Assistance	
  Service	
  (SAS)	
  	
  
	
  
2.1.	
  Description	
  of	
  the	
  service	
  
	
  
On	
  the	
  1st	
  	
  of	
  January	
  2013,	
  the	
  name	
  of	
  the	
  Street	
  Assistance	
  and	
  Mediation	
  Service	
  (SAMC),	
  managed	
  
by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency,	
  was	
  changed	
  to	
  that	
  of	
  the	
  Socio-­‐Educational	
  Assistance	
  Service2	
  (Servei	
  d’Atenció	
  
Socioeducativa,	
  SAS).	
  The	
  SAS	
  provides	
  a	
  specific	
  service	
  for	
  people	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  and	
  victims	
  
of	
   human	
   trafficking	
   for	
   the	
  purpose	
   of	
   sexual	
   exploitation,	
   especially	
   those	
  who	
  offer	
   and	
   negotiate	
  
such	
   services	
   in	
   the	
   street.	
   The	
   access	
   to	
   SAS	
   may	
   be	
   direct	
   (women	
   contacted	
   in	
   the	
   street,	
   by	
  
telephone	
  or	
  without	
  advance	
  appointment)	
  or	
  through	
  referral.	
  
	
  
SAS	
   became	
   operational	
   in	
   2006	
   (the	
   same	
   year	
   which	
   	
   the	
   ABITS	
   Agency	
   was	
   established),	
   with	
   an	
  
initial	
   team	
  of	
   two	
   educators	
   that	
   has	
   gradually	
   been	
   expanded	
   since.	
   This	
   is	
   now	
   a	
  multidisciplinary	
  
service	
  provided	
  by	
  a	
  team	
  of	
  workers	
  from	
  different	
  specialist	
  fields:	
  a	
  director	
  (38.5	
  hours	
  per	
  week),	
  
four	
  educators	
  (154	
  hours	
  per	
  week),	
  a	
  social	
  worker	
  (38.5	
  hours	
  per	
  week),	
  a	
  psychologist	
  (38.5	
  hours	
  
per	
  week)	
  and	
  two	
  health	
  workers	
  (45	
  hours	
  per	
  week).	
   In	
  2013,	
  then,	
  the	
  service	
  was	
  staffed	
  by	
  nine	
  
people	
  working	
  a	
   total	
  of	
  314.5	
  hours	
  per	
  week,	
  an	
   increase	
  of	
  51	
  hours	
  per	
  week	
  compared	
  to	
  2012	
  
(263.5	
  hours	
  per	
  week).	
   The	
  educators	
  and	
  one	
  of	
   the	
  health	
  workers	
   speak	
  English,	
  whilst	
   the	
  other	
  
health	
  worker	
  speaks	
  Romanian.	
  
	
  
A	
   feature	
   of	
   the	
   new	
   contract	
   is	
   the	
   provision	
   of	
   a	
   prepaid	
   bundle	
   of	
   200	
   hours	
   per	
   year	
   for	
   social	
  
educators,	
  who	
  are	
  available	
  24	
  hours	
  a	
  day,	
  365	
  days	
  a	
  year	
  to	
  provide	
  assistance	
  to	
  women	
  during	
  the	
  
enactment	
  of	
  police	
  operations	
  aimed	
  at	
  people	
  engaged	
   in	
  prostitution,	
  whatever	
  the	
  motive	
  behind	
  
these	
  operations	
  (municipal	
  ordinance	
  on	
  civic	
  behaviour,	
  immigration,	
  dismantling	
  networks	
  of	
  human	
  
trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation...).	
  
	
  
The	
  service,	
  which	
  has	
  offices	
  at	
  344,	
  Carrer	
  València,	
  mezzanine,	
  provides	
  users	
  with	
  a	
  free	
  telephone	
  
helpline,	
  900	
  722	
  200,	
  which	
  the	
  educators	
  themselves	
  answer,	
  from	
  Monday	
  to	
  Friday,	
  from	
  9	
  am	
  to	
  7	
  
pm.	
  Moreover,	
  users	
  can	
  attend	
  the	
  centre	
  without	
  prior	
  appointment	
  on	
  Thursdays,	
  from	
  11	
  am	
  to	
  3	
  
pm,	
   though	
   most	
   phone	
   in	
   advance	
   and	
   	
   arrange	
   an	
   appointmentOutreach	
   services	
   in	
   the	
  
public	
  way	
  
	
  
The	
  areas	
  of	
  the	
  city	
  covered	
  by	
  the	
  four	
  educators	
  and	
  the	
  two	
  health	
  workers	
  ,	
  who	
  workin	
  pairs	
  both	
  
in	
   the	
   day	
   time	
   and	
   night	
   time,	
   proactively	
   contacting	
   	
   the	
   women	
   ,	
   are:	
   Ciutat	
   Vella,	
   Sant	
  
Martí/Eixample,	
   Les	
   Corts	
   and	
   Zona	
   Franca.	
   These	
  workers	
   are	
   present	
   in	
   the	
   street	
   for	
   a	
   total	
   of	
   50	
  
hours	
  per	
  week,	
  an	
  increase	
  of	
  10	
  hours	
  compared	
  to	
  2012.	
  
	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
2	
   The	
   organisation	
   that	
   provides	
   this	
   service	
   is	
   the	
   Associació	
   Benestar	
   i	
   Desenvolupament	
   (Welfare	
   and	
   Development	
  
Association,	
  ABD),	
  which	
  won	
  the	
  public	
  competition	
  in	
  2013	
  and	
  was	
  assigned	
  a	
  budget	
  of	
  317.867.27	
  euros	
  in	
  both	
  2013	
  and	
  
2014.	
  	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
5	
  
	
  
	
  
The	
  table	
  below	
  shows	
  how	
  the	
  intervention	
  of	
  the	
  educators	
  and	
  the	
  health	
  workers	
  in	
  the	
  street	
  is	
  
organised:	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
Direct	
  assistance	
  and	
  mediation,	
  2013	
  
Ciutat	
  Vella	
  
Monday	
  to	
  Friday	
   3	
  hours	
  between	
  12	
  noon	
  and	
  7	
  pm	
  
Tuesday	
  and	
  Thursday	
   10	
  pm	
  to	
  2	
  am	
  
Ciutat	
  Vella	
  +	
  
Sant	
  Martí/Eixample	
   Friday	
   10	
  pm	
  to	
  3	
  am	
  
Sant	
  Martí/Eixample	
   Wednesday	
   10	
  pm	
  to	
  1	
  am	
  
Les	
  Corts	
  	
   Monday	
  and	
  Friday	
   10	
  pm	
  to	
  2	
  am	
  (two	
  hours	
  later	
  in	
  summer)	
  
Zona	
  Franca	
  	
   One	
  day	
  per	
  fortnight	
  	
   2	
  hours	
  between	
  12	
  noon	
  and	
  7	
  pm	
  
	
  
	
  
At	
   night,	
   SAS	
   services	
   were	
   increased	
   by	
   one	
   hour	
   in	
   2013	
   compared	
   to	
   the	
   previous	
   year.	
   This	
  
additional	
  time	
  is	
  divided	
  between	
  Ciutat	
  Vella	
  and	
  Sant	
  Martí/Eixample	
  districts.	
  
	
  
Since	
  May	
   2012,	
   when	
   the	
   Zona	
   Franca	
   neighbourhood	
   (Sants-­‐Montjuïc	
   district)	
   was	
   included	
   in	
   the	
  
service,	
   all	
   areas	
   of	
   the	
   city	
  where	
   prostitution	
   takes	
   place	
   in	
   the	
   public	
   space	
  had	
   	
   been	
   covered.	
   A	
  
lower	
   frequency	
  of	
   service	
  was	
  established	
   for	
  Zona	
  Franca	
   than	
   in	
  other	
  areas	
  of	
   the	
  city	
  due	
   to	
   the	
  
considerably	
   lower	
  number	
  of	
  women	
  and	
   to	
   the	
   level	
  of	
  needs	
  detected.	
  Nonetheless,	
   the	
   service	
   is	
  
flexible	
  enough	
  to	
  provide	
  an	
  effective	
  response,	
  always	
  in	
  coordination	
  with	
  the	
  Public	
  Health	
  Agency,	
  
which	
  operates	
  a	
  mobile	
  unit	
  to	
  provide	
  assistance	
  to	
  drug	
  users.	
  	
  
	
  
From	
  Monday	
  to	
  Friday,	
  SAS	
  educators	
  and	
  health	
  workers	
  are	
  on	
  duty	
   in	
  the	
  street,	
  approaching	
  the	
  
women	
  and	
  informing	
  them	
  about	
  the	
  service	
  and	
  resources	
  provided	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  (in	
  the	
  case	
  
of	
  women	
  who	
   have	
   not	
   been	
   contacted	
   previously)	
   and	
   enquiring	
   about	
   their	
   circumstances.	
   These	
  
workers	
   also	
   offer	
   prophylactic	
   material	
   (condoms	
   and	
   lubricants)	
   supplied	
   by	
   the	
   Government	
   of	
  
Catalonia’s	
  Health	
  Ministry	
  and	
  the	
  Office	
  of	
  Woman’s	
  Affair	
  Directorate.	
  Provisions	
  are	
  also	
  made	
  for	
  
occasional	
  visits	
  to	
  the	
  street	
  by	
  the	
  psychologist	
  or	
  the	
  social	
  worker	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  detect	
  needs	
  or	
  at	
  the	
  
request	
  of	
  the	
  educators.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
6	
  
	
  
	
  
2.2.	
  Figures	
  on	
  assistance	
  provided	
  in	
  the	
  public	
  way	
  
	
  
In	
   2013,	
   the	
   number	
   of	
   contacts	
   (approaches	
   by	
   a	
  member	
   of	
   the	
   team	
   to	
   a	
  woman	
   offering	
   sexual	
  
services	
  in	
  the	
  public	
  space)	
  increased	
  by	
  25.24%	
  compared	
  to	
  2012.	
  The	
  number	
  of	
  cases	
  of	
  assistance	
  
(recorded	
   as	
   “active	
   listening”	
   when,	
   after	
   an	
   approach,	
   a	
   dialogue	
   is	
   established	
   that	
   may	
   include	
  
requests	
   for	
   assistance	
   but	
   also	
   the	
   search	
   for	
   support	
   and	
   containment,	
   or	
   as	
   “educational	
  
intervention”	
   when	
   the	
   educator	
   advises,	
   recommends	
   or	
   proposes	
   different	
   courses	
   of	
   action)	
   also	
  
increased,	
  in	
  this	
  case	
  by	
  10.20%.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
The	
  table	
  below	
  details	
  assistance	
  provided	
  in	
  the	
  public	
  space:	
  	
  
ASSISTANCE	
  
PROVIDED	
  
IN	
  THE	
  
PUBLIC	
  
space	
  
2006	
   2007	
   2008	
   2009	
   2010	
   2011	
   2012	
   2013	
  
%	
  
increase	
  
2012-­‐
2013	
  	
  
	
  
Contacts	
  	
   1,920	
   6,880	
   10,439	
   13,113	
   15,417	
   18,603	
   20,721	
   25,950	
   25.24%	
  
Cases	
  of	
  
assistance	
   440	
   4,216	
   8,391	
   9,979	
   18,771	
   23,833	
   26,660	
   29,739	
   10.20%	
  
Active	
  
listening	
   358	
   2,712	
   5,122	
   6,817	
   13,159	
   17,627	
   19,068	
   21,230	
   11.33%	
  
Educational	
  
intervention	
   82	
   1,504	
   3,269	
   3,162	
   5,612	
   6,206	
   7,592	
   8,149	
   7.33%	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
The	
   figures	
   presented	
   refer	
   to	
   the	
   number	
   of	
   interventions,	
   not	
   to	
   the	
   number	
   of	
   different	
   women	
  
assisted,	
  sincethe	
  team	
  goes	
  out	
  every	
  day,	
  and	
  the	
  same	
  woman	
  may	
  have	
  been	
  contacted	
  many	
  times	
  
over	
  the	
  course	
  of	
  the	
  year.	
  	
  
	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
7	
  
	
  
	
  
2.3.	
  Main	
  user	
  requests	
  
	
  
Regarding	
   the	
   requests	
   for	
   assistance	
   put	
   forward	
   by	
   women	
   users	
   of	
   the	
   SAS3,	
   these	
   increased	
   by	
  
22.64%	
  compared	
  to	
  2012,	
  rising	
  from	
  9,069	
  to	
  11,122.	
  Such	
  requests	
  are	
  related,	
  in	
  the	
  main,	
  to	
  health	
  
care	
   (2.516),	
  concerns	
  about	
  employment	
  and	
  training	
   (2,075),	
   legal	
  assistance	
   (1,437),	
  child	
  care	
  and	
  
education	
   (931),	
   basic	
   needs	
   (614)	
   and	
   housing	
   (405).	
   Compared	
   to	
   2012,	
   there	
   were	
   significant	
  
increases	
   in	
   requests	
   related	
   to	
   housing	
   (110.94%),	
   the	
   processing	
   of	
   documents	
   (73.02%)	
   and	
   child-­‐
related	
  issues	
  (62.48%).	
  
	
  
Requests	
   for	
   legal	
   assistance	
  mainly	
   concerned	
   immigration,	
   employment	
   and	
   family	
   law,	
   court	
   cases	
  
and	
  administrative	
  topics,	
  such	
  as	
  those	
  related	
  to	
  the	
  municipal	
  ordinance	
  on	
  civic	
  behaviour.	
  
	
  
	
  
2.4.	
  Assistance	
  at	
  the	
  office	
  and	
  individual	
  work	
  plans	
  
	
  
An	
   individual	
  file	
   is	
  created	
  for	
  each	
  woman	
  at	
  the	
  time	
  intervention	
  begins.	
  To	
  this	
  end,	
  data	
  already	
  
available	
  to	
  the	
  team	
  is	
  used	
  and	
  a	
  work	
  plan	
  is	
  designed.	
  Some	
  90%	
  of	
  files	
  opened	
  are	
  on	
  users	
  that	
  
the	
  educators	
  and	
  health	
  workers	
   contact	
   in	
   the	
   street.	
  However,	
   the	
   service	
  also	
  assists	
  any	
  women	
  
who	
  are	
  engaged	
   in	
  prostitution	
   in	
   the	
  city,	
  even	
   if	
   they	
  do	
  not	
  offer	
   their	
   services	
   in	
   the	
  public	
  way.	
  
Such	
  users	
  account	
  for	
  the	
  remaining	
  10%.	
  
	
  
From	
  the	
  beginning	
  of	
  its	
  activity	
  in	
  2006	
  up	
  to	
  31	
  December	
  2013,	
  the	
  SAS	
  opened	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  1,195	
  files,	
  
indicating	
  that	
  the	
  service	
  has	
  assisted	
  1,195	
  different	
  women	
  over	
  the	
  aforementioned	
  period.	
  
	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
3	
  Requests	
  were	
  made	
  to	
  street	
  educators,	
  by	
  telephone	
  or	
  at	
  the	
  SAS	
  service	
  office.	
  
REQUESTS	
   20114	
   2012	
   2012	
   2013	
   2013	
  
%	
  
increase	
  
2012-­‐2013	
  
Number	
  of	
  requests	
   4,376	
   9,069	
   	
   11,122	
   	
   22.64%	
  
Main	
  requests	
  in	
  %	
   %	
   	
   %	
   	
   %	
  
%	
  
change	
  
2012-­‐2013	
  
Health	
  care	
   30%	
   2,196	
   24,21%	
   2,516	
   22.63%	
   14.58%	
  
Training	
  and	
  integration	
  into	
  
employment	
   25%	
  
1,676	
   18,48%	
   2,075	
   18.67%	
   21.81%	
  
Legal	
  assistance	
   9%	
   1,329	
   14,65%	
   1,437	
   12.92%	
   8.13%	
  
Children	
   	
   573	
   6,32%	
   931	
   8.38%	
   62.48%	
  
Health	
  card	
  processing	
   9%	
   748	
   8,25%	
   822	
   7.39%	
   9.90%	
  
Document	
  processing	
   	
   378	
   4,17%	
   654	
   8.80%	
  	
   73.02%	
  
Social	
  services	
   	
   387	
   4,27%	
   619	
   5.58%	
   59.95%	
  
Basic	
  needs	
   	
   710	
   7,83%	
   614	
   5.52%	
   -­‐13.53%	
  
Psychological	
  
assistance/containment	
   	
  
496	
   5,47%	
   448	
   4.04%	
   -­‐9.68%	
  
Housing	
   	
   192	
   2,12%	
   405	
   3.65%	
   110.94%	
  
Civil	
  registration	
   	
   267	
   2,94%	
   311	
   2.80%	
   16.48%	
  
Others	
   27%	
   117	
   1,29%	
   290	
   2.62%	
   147.87%	
  
TOTAL	
   100%	
   9,069	
   100%	
   11,122	
   100%	
   22.64%	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
8	
  
	
  
	
  
Of	
  this	
   total,	
  126	
  files	
  are	
  new	
  and	
  were	
  opened	
   in	
  2013.	
  Over	
  the	
  course	
  of	
   the	
  year,	
   the	
  number	
  of	
  
new	
  women	
  provided	
  with	
  assistance	
  reached	
  409,	
  an	
  increase	
  of	
  3.28%.	
  At	
  December	
  31,	
  the	
  service	
  
was	
   working	
   on	
   a	
   total	
   of	
   333	
   cases	
   (active	
   files).	
   It	
   should	
   be	
   noted	
   that	
   an	
   inactive	
   file	
   can	
   be	
  
reopened	
  immediately	
  through	
  any	
  request	
  put	
  forward	
  by	
  the	
  user.	
  In	
  2013,	
  32	
  cases	
  were	
  reopened	
  
(compared	
  to	
  62	
  in	
  2012).	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
Data	
  on	
  files	
  are	
  broken	
  down	
  as	
  follows:	
  	
  
	
  
2006	
   2007	
   2008	
   2009	
   2010	
   2011	
   2012	
   2013	
  
New	
  cases	
   220	
   148	
   179	
   180	
   125	
   111	
   108	
   126	
  
Cases	
  closed	
   79	
   94	
   163	
   152	
   125	
   183	
   162	
   169	
  
Cases	
  reopened	
   -­‐	
   -­‐	
   39	
   32	
   16	
   48	
   62	
   32	
  
Number	
  of	
  
different	
  women	
  
provided	
  with	
  
assistance	
  
-­‐	
   -­‐	
   -­‐	
   406	
   449	
   441	
   396	
   409	
  
	
  
Cases	
  may	
  be	
  closed	
  due	
  to	
  the	
  following	
  reasons:	
  
-­‐	
  The	
  achievement	
  of	
  the	
  goals	
  established	
  in	
  the	
  work	
  plan	
  (response	
  to	
  the	
  request	
  for	
  health	
  
care,	
   coverage	
   of	
   basic	
   needs,	
   delivery	
   of	
   training	
   and/or	
   integration	
   into	
   employment	
  
activities,	
  etc.).	
  
-­‐	
   The	
  woman’s	
  prolonged	
  absence	
   from	
  the	
   service,	
  which	
  may	
  be	
  caused	
  by	
  any	
  of	
  various	
  
different	
   reasons:	
   return	
   to	
   country	
   of	
   origin,	
   changes	
   in	
   social	
   or	
   family	
   circumstances,	
  
ceasing	
  to	
  engage	
  in	
  prostitution	
  and	
  other	
  justified	
  causes.	
  
-­‐	
   Referral	
   to	
   another	
   specialist	
   service	
   covering	
   their	
   needs	
   and	
   requests	
   (SSB	
   basic	
   social	
  
services,	
  CAS	
  social	
  assistance	
  centres,	
  etc.).	
  	
  
	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
26	
  The	
  total	
  number	
  of	
  women	
  assisted	
  since	
  the	
  plan	
  was	
  launched	
  in	
  2006	
  are	
  considered	
  open	
  files.	
  
37	
  Cases	
  in	
  which	
  action	
  concerning	
  the	
  women	
  has	
  been	
  taken	
  in	
  the	
  last	
  six	
  months	
  are	
  considered	
  active	
  files.	
  
FILES	
  ON	
  WOMEN	
   2007	
   2008	
   2009	
   2010	
   2011	
   2012	
   2013	
  
Files	
  opened	
  in	
  20066	
   368	
   546	
   725	
   850	
   960	
   1,069	
   1,195	
  
Active	
  files7	
   274	
   307	
   372	
   386	
   363	
   371	
   333	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
9	
  
	
  
	
  
2.5.	
  Sociodemographic	
  profile	
  (SAS)	
  
	
  
As	
  regards	
  the	
  profile	
  of	
  users	
  of	
  the	
  service,	
  the	
  main	
  groups	
  are	
  formed	
  by	
  migrant	
  women	
  
(87%),	
   mainly	
   from	
   Nigeria	
   (27.6%)	
   and	
   Romania	
   (23.4%)	
   and,	
   in	
   third	
   place,	
   local	
   women	
  
(12.9%).	
  
	
  
	
  
ORIGIN	
  %	
   2007	
  	
  (b)	
  
2008	
  	
  
(c)	
  
2009	
  	
  
(d)	
  
2010	
  	
  
(e)	
  
2011	
  
	
  (f)	
  
2012	
  
(g)	
  
2013	
  
(h)8	
  
Eastern	
  Europe	
  
	
  Romania	
  
-­‐	
  
45.2	
  
-­‐	
  
37.4	
  
37.0	
  
-­‐	
  
34.0	
   38.0	
   31.0	
  
(26.0)	
  
29.73	
  
(23.42)	
  
Latin	
  America	
  
	
  Ecuador	
  
17.5	
   21.7	
   22.9	
   26.0	
   24.0	
   26.5	
  
(9.16)	
  
24.33	
  
(7.50)	
  
Sub-­‐Saharan	
  
Africa	
  
	
  Nigeria	
  	
  
-­‐	
  
	
  
-­‐	
  
-­‐	
  
	
  
-­‐	
  
15.3	
  
	
  
-­‐	
  
21.0	
   19.0	
   21.8	
  
	
  
(18.8)	
  
30.03	
  
	
  
(27.6)	
  
Spain	
   21.1	
   19.8	
   17.4	
   15.0	
   13.0	
   14.5	
   12.9	
  
North	
  Africa	
  	
  
	
  Morocco	
  
6.9	
  
-­‐	
  
7.1	
  
-­‐	
  
4.8	
  
-­‐	
  
3.0	
   3.0	
   2.7	
  
(2.15)	
  
2.10	
  
(1.50)	
  
Others	
  
Asia	
  	
  
-­‐	
   14.0	
   0.8	
   1.0	
   3.0	
   3.5	
  
(2.9)	
  
0.91	
  
(0.60)	
  
Unknown	
   	
   0.0	
   1.6	
   0.0	
   0.0	
   0.0	
   0.0	
  
TOTAL	
  	
   100%	
   100%	
   100%	
   100%	
   100%	
   100%	
   100%	
  
	
  
Regarding	
  gender,	
  data	
  were	
  gathered	
   in	
  order	
   to	
  provide	
   further	
   information	
   for	
   studying	
   cases	
  and	
  
matching	
   resources	
   to	
  needs.	
   In	
  2013,	
  eight	
  new	
  transsexual	
  people	
   received	
  assistance,	
   representing	
  
6.3%	
   of	
   the	
   total	
   number	
   of	
   new	
   users	
   of	
   the	
   service.	
   This	
   enables	
   us	
   to	
   conclude	
   that,	
   taking	
   into	
  
account	
  the	
  figures	
  in	
  the	
  historic	
  records	
  of	
  the	
  SAS,	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  5.5%	
  of	
  all	
  users	
  assisted	
  since	
  2006	
  and	
  
whose	
  SAS	
  files	
  are	
  still	
  open	
  are	
  transsexual	
  people	
  (66	
  women).	
  
El	
  2013,	
  approximately	
  half	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  assisted	
  were	
  mothers	
  with	
  children	
  in	
  their	
  care.	
  	
  
	
  
LEGAL	
  STATUS	
  
%	
  
2006	
  
(a)	
  
2007	
  
(b)	
  
2008	
  
(c)	
  
2009	
  
(d)	
  
2010	
  
(e)	
  
2011	
  
(f)	
  
2012	
  
(g)	
  
2013	
  
(h)	
  
Regular	
   40.3	
   41.6	
   45.2	
   72	
   76.6	
   75.7	
   75.2	
   72.6	
  
Irregular	
   60.1	
   57.6	
   54	
   20.7	
   22.2	
   23.4	
   23.7	
   26.4	
  
Unknown	
   0.4	
   0.7	
   0.6	
   7.2	
   1.0	
   0.8	
   1.08	
   1	
  
	
  
As	
  the	
  previous	
  table	
  shows,	
  most	
  women	
  assisted	
  by	
  the	
  SAS	
  have	
  a	
  regular	
  administrative	
  status,	
  and	
  
irregular	
  situations	
  account	
  for	
  only	
  26.4%	
  of	
  cases.	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
8	
  In	
  this	
  table	
  and	
  those	
  that	
  follow,	
  the	
  letter	
  in	
  brackets	
  that	
  accompanies	
  the	
  year	
  refers	
  to	
  the	
  percentage	
  number	
  of	
  active	
  
files:	
  (a)	
  over	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  218	
  active	
  files;	
  (b)	
  over	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  274	
  active	
  files;	
  (c)	
  over	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  307	
  active	
  files;	
  (d)	
  over	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  
372	
  active	
  files;	
  (e)	
  over	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  386	
  active	
  files;	
  (f)	
  over	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  363	
  active	
  files;	
  (g)	
  over	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  371	
  active	
  files;	
  (h)	
  over	
  a	
  
total	
  of	
  333	
  active	
  files.	
  
 
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
10	
  
	
  
	
  
However,	
   the	
  situation	
  of	
  Romanian	
  women,	
  who	
  resided	
   legally	
   in	
  Spain	
  but	
  were	
  unable	
   to	
  work	
   in	
  
the	
   formal	
   employment	
   market	
   in	
   2013,	
   prevented	
   them	
   from	
   obtaining	
   access	
   to	
   training	
   and	
  
integration	
  into	
  employment	
  processes,	
  despite	
  the	
  availability	
  of	
  resources	
  and	
  the	
  requests	
  that	
  these	
  
users	
  made.	
  	
  
HEALTH	
  
CARD	
  
%	
  
2006	
  
(a)	
  
2007	
  
(b)	
  
2008	
  
(c)	
  
2009	
  
(d)	
  
2010	
  
(e)	
  
2011	
  
(f)	
  
2012	
  
(g)	
  
2013	
  
(h)	
  
Yes	
   57.8	
   72.2	
   78.5	
   68.8	
   83.6	
   85.9	
   90	
   92	
  
No	
   40.3	
   28.8	
   19.2	
   18.8	
   15.0	
   12.9	
   8.2	
   7	
  
NS	
   1.8	
   0.7	
   2.2	
   12.3	
   2.8	
   0.5	
   1.8	
   1	
  
	
  
Ensuring	
   that	
   users	
   have	
   a	
   health	
   card	
   and	
   know	
   how	
   to	
   access	
   health	
   services	
   has	
   always	
   been	
   a	
  
priority	
   of	
   the	
   SAS.	
   In	
   the	
   first	
   quarter	
   of	
   2013,	
   the	
   team	
   prioritised	
   the	
   provision	
   of	
   information	
   on	
  
Catalan	
  Government’s	
  application	
  of	
  the	
  state	
  decree	
  on	
  this	
  subject,	
  and	
  on	
  ways	
  in	
  which	
  circuits	
  were	
  
adapted	
  to	
  finally	
  permit	
  the	
  continuing	
  provision	
  of	
  healthcare	
  to	
  women	
  that	
  need	
  these	
  services.	
  At	
  
the	
  end	
  of	
  2013	
  there	
  was	
  a	
  slight	
  increase	
  in	
  the	
  percentage	
  of	
  women	
  in	
  possession	
  of	
  the	
  health	
  card.	
  
Generally	
  speaking,	
   if	
   they	
  do	
  not	
  have	
   it,	
   this	
   is	
  because	
  certain	
  documents	
  are	
  still	
   to	
  be	
  processed,	
  
because	
   they	
   have	
   health	
   cards	
   issued	
   by	
   other	
   autonomous	
   communities,	
   because	
   they	
   have	
   newly	
  
arrived	
  here	
  or	
  because	
  they	
  are	
  European	
  Community	
  citizens	
  with	
  private	
  insurance.	
  
	
  
CIVIL	
  
REGISTRATION	
  
%	
  
2006	
  
(a)	
  
2007	
  
(b)	
  
2008	
  
(c)	
  
2009	
  
(d)	
  
2010	
  
(e)	
  
2011	
  
(f)	
  
2012	
  	
  
(g)	
  
2013	
  
(h)	
  
Yes	
   61.0	
   60.5	
   60.2	
   53.2	
   73.5	
   71.6	
   76.5	
   79.3	
  
No	
   38.0	
   38.6	
   38.1	
   32.5	
   24.1	
   27.8	
   21.8	
   19.5	
  
UNKNOWN	
   1.8	
   0.7	
   1.6	
   14.2	
   2.0	
   0.5	
   1.6	
   1.2	
  
	
  
With	
   regard,	
   precisely,	
   to	
   procedures	
   required	
   for	
   access	
   to	
   healthcare,	
   efforts	
   have	
   been	
   made	
   to	
  
inform	
  women	
  about	
  the	
  need	
  to	
  be	
  registered	
  on	
  the	
  civil	
  register.	
  In	
  2013,	
  the	
  percentage	
  of	
  women	
  
on	
  the	
  civil	
  register	
   increased	
  from	
  76%	
  to	
  79%.	
  57.95%	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  who	
  received	
  assistance	
  live	
   in	
  
Barcelona	
   and	
   42.05%	
   in	
   or	
   around	
   the	
  metropolitan	
   area.	
   The	
   reasons	
   for	
   not	
   being	
   registered	
   are:	
  
users	
   who	
   live	
   outside	
   the	
   municipality	
   of	
   Barcelona,	
   who	
   share	
   housing	
   with	
   other	
   people	
   (shared	
  
rooms	
   or	
   apartments)	
   or	
   possess	
   no	
   document	
   that	
   can	
   accredit	
   their	
   identity	
   and	
   enable	
   them	
   to	
  
complete	
  the	
  procedure.	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
11	
  
	
  
	
  
2.6.	
  Accompaniment	
  to	
  resources	
  and	
  interventions	
  	
  
Accompaniment	
  
	
  
We	
   speak	
   of	
  accompaniment	
   to	
   refer	
   to	
   the	
   process	
   of	
   personally	
   accompanying	
  women	
   to	
   services.	
  
Accompaniment	
  is	
  a	
  highly	
  valued	
  tool,	
  which	
  not	
  only	
  guarantees	
  that	
  women	
  attend	
  and	
  are	
  receive	
  
assistance	
   from	
   the	
   service,	
   but	
   also	
   enables	
   them	
   to	
   form	
   close	
   relationships	
   with	
   the	
   educator,	
  
psychologist,	
   social	
   worker	
   or	
   health	
   worker	
   and	
   facilitates	
   the	
   establishment	
   of	
   a	
   link	
   between	
   the	
  
women	
   and	
   the	
   service,	
   since	
   they	
   have	
   the	
   chance	
   to	
   speak	
   to	
   a	
   professional	
   from	
   the	
   team	
   in	
   an	
  
environment	
  away	
  from	
  the	
  street	
  and	
  any	
  possible	
  control.	
  
	
  
	
  
ACCOMPANIMENT	
   2006	
   2007	
   2008	
   2009	
   2010	
   2011	
   2012	
   2013	
  
%	
  
increase	
  
compared	
  to	
  
2006	
  
Numbers	
   52	
   207	
   347	
   334	
   624	
   758	
   677	
   647	
   1,144.23%	
  
	
  
Most	
  of	
   the	
   accompaniment	
   that	
   the	
   SAS	
  provides	
   continues	
   to	
  be,	
   as	
   in	
   2012,	
   to	
  organisations	
  with	
  
which	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  has	
  some	
  kind	
  of	
  link,	
  as	
  well	
  as	
  to	
  city	
  services	
  (85%),	
  mainly	
  health,	
  education,	
  
citizen	
  assistance	
  and	
  justice.	
  	
  
	
  
Due	
  to	
  fact	
  that	
  many	
  users	
  of	
  the	
  service	
  live	
  in	
  the	
  metropolitan	
  area	
  or	
  in	
  towns	
  further	
  out,	
  15%	
  of	
  
the	
   accompaniment	
   interventions	
   provided	
   by	
   the	
   SAS	
   take	
   place	
   in	
   other	
   municipalities,	
   mostly	
   in	
  
L’Hospitalet	
  de	
  Llobregat	
  and	
  Santa	
  Coloma	
  de	
  Gramenet,	
  also,	
  in	
  the	
  main,	
  to	
  social	
  and	
  social	
  health	
  
centres.	
   In	
   2012,	
   accompaniment	
   interventions	
   outside	
   the	
   city	
   accounted	
   for	
   12%	
   of	
   the	
   total.	
   The	
  
team	
  attempts	
  to	
  link	
  women	
  to	
  services	
  in	
  their	
  own	
  residential	
  areas,	
  a	
  task	
  that	
  requires	
  considerable	
  
effort	
  in	
  terms	
  of	
  work	
  time.	
  	
  
	
  
For	
  the	
  second	
  consecutive	
  year,	
  there	
  was	
  a	
  slight	
  fall	
   in	
  the	
  number	
  of	
  accompaniments,	
  a	
  decrease	
  
that	
  can	
  be	
  attributed	
  to	
  several	
  reasons:	
  	
  
- Efforts	
  aimed	
  at	
  empowering	
  the	
  women	
  and	
  making	
  them	
  more	
  independent.	
  	
  
- Users’	
   increased	
   knowledge	
   about	
   the	
   various	
   organisations	
   with	
   which	
   the	
   Agency	
   has	
  
established	
  cooperation	
  agreements,	
  making	
  accompaniment	
  unnecessary.	
  	
  
- The	
   impossibility	
   of	
   Romanian	
   women	
   to	
   enter	
   programmes	
   of	
   integration	
   into	
   employment	
  
because,	
  despite	
  their	
  status	
  as	
  European	
  citizens	
  and	
  the	
  fact	
  that	
  they	
  have	
  residence	
  permits,	
  
Spain’s	
   moratorium	
   on	
   ratifying	
   international	
   treaties	
   means	
   that	
   they	
   cannot	
   obtain	
   work	
  
permits.	
  
	
  
Interventions	
  conducted	
  
	
  
Following	
   intervention	
   in	
   the	
   street,	
   an	
   initial	
   introductory	
   interview	
  with	
   the	
   social	
  worker	
   is	
   usually	
  
arranged	
  at	
  the	
  SAS	
  office,	
  with	
  the	
  participation	
  of	
  the	
  psychologist	
  if	
  necessary.	
  Based	
  on	
  the	
  woman’s	
  
request	
   for	
   assistance	
   and	
   the	
   needs	
   detected,	
   she	
   is	
   then	
   provided	
  with	
   information,	
   guidance	
   and	
  
psychological	
  and	
  social	
  assistance.	
  
Whilst	
   most	
   of	
   the	
   resources	
   provided	
   by	
   the	
   service	
   are	
   human	
   in	
   nature,	
   the	
   SAS	
   also	
   provides	
  
occasional	
   financial	
  aid	
  to	
  enable	
  women	
  to	
  complete	
  processes	
  and	
  achieve	
  objectives	
  established	
   in	
  
the	
  work	
   plans.	
   This	
   aid	
  may	
   be	
   provided	
   on	
   an	
   emergency,	
   one-­‐off	
   basis,	
   or	
   in	
   the	
   form	
   of	
   regular	
  
payments	
  strictly	
  and	
  directly	
   related	
   to	
   the	
  work	
  plan.	
  The	
   total	
  amount	
  of	
  such	
  aid	
  provided	
  by	
   the	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
12	
  
	
  
	
  
SAS	
  in	
  2013	
  was	
  12,301.65	
  euros,	
  distributed	
  as	
  follows:	
  39	
  grants	
  awarded	
  to	
  a	
  value	
  of	
  8,403.93	
  euros;	
  
and	
  261	
  payments	
  of	
  lower	
  amounts	
  in	
  the	
  form	
  of	
  emergency	
  aid	
  to	
  a	
  total	
  value	
  of	
  3,897.72	
  euros.	
  
	
  
 
 
 
 
2006	
   2007	
   2008	
   2009	
   2010	
   2011	
   2012	
   2013	
  
%	
  
change	
  
2012-­‐2013	
  
Referrals	
  to	
  the	
  SAS	
  
(received) -­‐	
   -­‐	
   92	
   73	
   85	
   65	
   61	
   60	
   -­‐1.64%	
  
Referrals	
  to	
  other	
  
services	
  and	
  
organisations	
   
83	
   278	
   329	
   321	
   436	
   493	
   453	
   577	
   27.37%	
  
Coordination 193	
   613	
   1,096	
   1,458	
   2,183	
   2,360	
   2,726	
   3,461	
   26.96%	
  
Interviews	
  at	
  the	
  office9	
  	
  
(not	
  including	
  psychological	
  
assistance	
  interviews) 
21	
   69	
   193	
   283	
   396	
   371	
   313	
   789	
   252.07%	
  
	
  
There	
  was	
  a	
  significant	
   increase	
   (26.96%)	
   in	
   the	
  number	
  of	
  coordination	
  operations	
  between	
  services,	
  
both	
  internal	
  (within	
  the	
  SAS	
  itself)	
  and	
  external	
  (by	
  phone	
  or	
  email).	
  This	
  increase	
  was	
  due,	
  in	
  the	
  main,	
  
to	
  the	
  efforts	
  of	
  the	
  social	
  worker,	
  who	
  works	
  full	
  time,	
  enabling	
  weekly	
  coordination	
  meetings	
  with	
  the	
  
psychologist	
  and	
  all	
   the	
  educators	
   that	
   form	
  part	
  of	
   the	
  service	
   in	
  order	
   to	
   jointly	
  assess	
   the	
  progress	
  
made	
  in	
  individual	
  work	
  plans	
  and	
  to	
  establish	
  new	
  lines	
  of	
  intervention	
  and	
  goals	
  that	
  users	
  should	
  be	
  
set.	
  Some	
  85%	
  of	
  coordination	
  measures	
  are	
  with	
  organisations	
  and	
  services	
  based	
  in	
  Barcelona,	
  whilst	
  
the	
  remaining	
  15%	
  are	
  with	
  services	
  and	
  organisations	
  in	
  other	
  municipalities,	
  mainly	
  social	
  services	
  and	
  
health	
  care	
  centres.	
  
	
  
	
  
PSYCHOLOGICAL	
  
ASSISTANCE	
   2009	
   2010	
   2011	
   2012	
   2013	
  
%	
  
change	
  
2012-­‐2013	
  
Women	
  assisted	
   11	
   48	
   33	
   57	
   63	
   10.52%	
  
New	
  women	
  assisted	
   -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐	
   -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐	
   -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐	
   38	
   29	
   -­‐23.68%	
  
Telephone	
  assistance	
   24	
   110	
   170	
   292	
   334	
   14.38%	
  
Interviews	
   29	
   143	
   230	
   349	
   448	
   28.37%	
  
	
  
	
  
The	
  increase	
  in	
  the	
  number	
  of	
  interviews,	
  psychological	
  assistance	
  provided	
  and	
  cases	
  opened	
  is	
  due	
  to	
  
the	
   rise	
   in	
   the	
   number	
   of	
   hours	
   worked	
   by	
   the	
   psychologist,	
   the	
   provision	
   of	
   information	
   about	
   the	
  
existence	
   of	
   the	
   Psychological	
   Assistance	
   service	
   and	
   the	
   careful	
   and	
   specific	
   assistance	
   provided	
   by	
  
what	
  is	
  a	
  specialist	
  service	
  with	
  its	
  own	
  particular	
  focus.	
  
	
  
In	
  2013,	
  there	
  were	
  29	
  new	
  cases,	
  as	
  well	
  as	
  31	
  continuing	
  from	
  2012	
  and	
  5	
  reopened	
  cases.	
  Despite	
  the	
  
decrease	
   in	
   the	
   number	
   of	
   new	
   cases	
   in	
   2013,	
   the	
   number	
   of	
   women	
   whose	
   cases	
   continue	
   to	
   be	
  
monitored	
  rose.	
  In	
  2013,	
  12	
  psychological	
  assistance	
  files	
  were	
  closed,	
  6	
  due	
  to	
  the	
  fact	
  that	
  the	
  goals	
  
had	
  been	
  achieved,	
  the	
  other	
  6	
  due	
  to	
  referral	
  to	
  other	
  psychological	
  assistance	
  services.	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
9	
  Conducted	
  by	
  the	
  social	
  educators	
  and	
  the	
  social	
  worker.	
  	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
13	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
The	
  consolidation	
  of	
  the	
  psychological	
  assistance	
  service	
  in	
  2013	
  is	
  considered	
  a	
  highly	
  positive	
  advance.	
  
The	
   service	
   provided	
   assistance	
   to	
   63	
   different	
   cases	
   in	
   2013,	
   with	
   6	
   closed	
   as	
   the	
   goals	
   had	
   been	
  
achieved.	
   It	
   is	
  also	
  significant	
  that	
  56	
  of	
  these	
  women	
  were	
  or	
  had	
  been	
  victims	
  of	
  gender	
  violence	
   in	
  
one	
   of	
   other	
   of	
   its	
   forms.	
   Another	
   significant	
   development	
   is	
   the	
   role	
   played	
   by	
   psychological	
  
accompaniment	
   in	
   employment	
   relocation	
   processes,	
   with	
   43	
   of	
   the	
   63	
   women	
   engaged	
   in	
   such	
  
initiatives.	
  	
  
	
  
Moreover,	
   interventions	
   in	
   the	
   office	
   by	
   the	
   social	
   worker	
   explore	
   indicators	
   in	
   order	
   to	
   determine	
  
whether	
  or	
  not	
  the	
  woman	
  is	
  in	
  a	
  situation	
  of	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  purposes	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation.	
  In	
  
2013,	
   five	
  women	
   in	
   this	
   situation	
  were	
   identified,	
   and	
  work	
  with	
   them	
   focused	
   explicitly	
   on	
   helping	
  
them	
   to	
   self-­‐identify	
   as	
   victims	
   and	
   guiding	
   them	
   through	
   the	
   decision-­‐making	
   process.	
   With	
   other	
  
women,	
  the	
  service	
  focused	
  on	
  such	
  situations	
  indirectly,	
  gathering	
  information.	
  
	
  
In	
   2013,	
   in	
   order	
   to	
   strengthen	
  users’	
   relationship	
  with	
   the	
   team	
  and	
   to	
   encourage	
  positive	
   relations	
  
amongst	
  the	
  women	
  themselves,	
  the	
  SAS	
  organised	
  a	
  series	
  of	
  leisure	
  and	
  cultural	
  activities,	
  as	
  well	
  as	
  
others	
  aimed	
  at	
  enabling	
  users	
  to	
   learn	
  more	
  about	
  the	
  host	
  country:	
  Christmas	
  party	
  (in	
  cooperation	
  
with	
  El	
  Lloc	
  de	
  la	
  Dona	
  and	
  APIP),	
  Epiphany	
  party	
  (children’s	
  entertainment),	
  picnic	
  at	
  Vallvidrera,	
  visit	
  to	
  
the	
   exhibition	
   Feminicidios.	
   No	
   nos	
   cabe	
   tanta	
   muerte,	
   about	
   the	
   situation	
   in	
   Ciudad	
   Juárez	
   (Casa	
  
Elizalde),	
   making	
   roses	
   for	
   Saint	
   George’s	
   Day,	
   trip	
   to	
   the	
   beach	
   (Montgat)	
   and	
   film	
   forum	
   (three	
  
sessions).	
  
	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
14	
  
	
  
	
  
2.7.	
  Networking	
  
	
  
Guidance	
  for	
  professionals	
  
	
  
The	
   SAS	
   team	
   provides	
   guidance	
   for	
   municipal	
   service	
   workers	
   with	
   regard	
   to	
   people	
   engaged	
   in	
  
prostitution	
  or	
  who	
  may	
   victims	
  of	
   human	
   trafficking	
   for	
   the	
  purpose	
  of	
   sexual	
   exploitation.	
   In	
   2013,	
  
consultancy	
  services	
  were	
  provided	
  on	
  56	
  occasions	
  (45	
  to	
  other	
  services	
  and	
  11	
  to	
  students).	
  The	
  SAS	
  
also	
  received	
  visits	
  from	
  students	
  and	
  professionals	
  from	
  Norway,	
  Chile,	
  Portugal	
  and	
  the	
  United	
  States.	
  
	
  
The	
  team	
  regularly	
  liaises	
  with	
  the	
  City	
  Police	
  and,	
  when	
  necessary,	
  with	
  other	
  police	
  forces.	
  
	
  
The	
  service	
  continues	
  to	
  respond	
  to	
  requests	
  and	
  to	
  give	
  presentations	
  where	
  requested,	
  and	
  forms	
  part	
  
of	
  several	
  working	
  groups,	
  such	
  as	
  that	
  devoted	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  AIDS	
  established	
  by	
  the	
  Government	
  
of	
   Catalonia’s	
   Ministry	
   of	
   Health	
   and	
   El	
   Raval	
   district	
   Community	
   Health	
   Group.	
   The	
   team	
   also	
  
participates	
  in	
  three	
  of	
  the	
  city’s	
  territorial	
  circuits	
  against	
  violence	
  towards	
  women.	
  
	
  
	
  
Police	
  operations	
  	
  
	
  
Since	
   December	
   2011,	
  within	
   the	
   framework	
   of	
   the	
   government	
  measure,	
   the	
   ABITS	
   Agency’s	
   Socio-­‐
Educational	
   Service	
   (SAS)	
   has	
   provided	
   assistance	
   for	
   women	
   during	
   the	
   course	
   of	
   police	
   operations	
  
related	
  to	
  engagement	
  in	
  prostitution	
  or	
  other	
  motives.	
  The	
  results	
  of	
  the	
  first	
  two	
  years’	
  work	
  in	
  this	
  
field	
  are	
  considered	
  to	
  be	
  excellent.	
  
	
  
To	
  assist	
  women	
  in	
  such	
  circumstances,	
  the	
  SAS	
  is	
  provided	
  with	
  a	
  prepaid	
  bundle	
  of	
  200	
  hours	
  devoted	
  
to	
  social	
  education,	
  available	
  24	
  hours	
  a	
  day,	
  365	
  days	
  a	
  year.	
  
	
  
In	
  2013,	
  the	
  SAS	
  took	
  part	
  in	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  14	
  operations	
  (the	
  same	
  number	
  as	
  in	
  the	
  previous	
  year),	
  12	
  in	
  
Les	
  Corts	
  district	
  courts,	
  1	
  in	
  Ciutat	
  Vella	
  and	
  1	
  a	
  large-­‐scale	
  operation	
  involving	
  the	
  Catalan	
  police,	
  the	
  
City	
  Police,	
  the	
  Employment	
  Inspectorate,	
  Chinese	
  interpreters	
  and	
  the	
  SAS	
  itself	
  due	
  to	
  the	
  activation	
  
of	
   the	
  protocol	
   for	
   the	
  protection	
  of	
  victims	
  of	
  human	
  trafficking	
   in	
  Catalonia.	
  This	
  operation	
  entailed	
  
inspections	
  of	
  40	
  hairdressing	
  and	
  beauty	
  salons	
  run	
  by	
  Chinese	
  people,	
  aimed	
  at	
  detecting	
  victims	
  of	
  
human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  purposes	
  of	
  labour	
  and/or	
  sexual	
  exploitation.	
  
	
  
	
  	
  
The	
  objectives	
  of	
  participation	
  in	
  such	
  operations	
  are	
  as	
  follows:	
  	
  
	
  
- To	
  inform	
  the	
  women	
  about	
  the	
  SAS,	
  if	
  they	
  are	
  not	
  aware	
  of	
  its	
  existence,	
  and	
  to	
  enable	
  them	
  
to	
  access	
  the	
  service.	
  	
  
- To	
  detect	
  possible	
  situations	
  of	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  and	
  to	
  
offer	
  the	
  protection	
  and	
  shelter	
  services	
  provided	
  by	
  the	
  Agency.	
  	
  
- To	
   detect	
   situations	
   of	
   special	
   vulnerability	
   or	
   needs	
   that	
   require	
   immediate	
   attention	
  
(medication,	
  family	
  responsibilities,	
  emotional	
  containment,	
  etc.).	
  	
  
- To	
  ensure	
  that	
  the	
  women	
  understand	
  the	
  situation	
  and	
  are	
  aware	
  of	
  their	
  rights	
  and	
  duties.	
  
	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
15	
  
	
  
	
  
3.	
  Assistance	
  to	
  women	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  in	
  
enclosed	
  spaces	
  (bars,	
  clubs	
  and	
  apartments)	
  
	
  
3.1.	
  Assistance	
  to	
  women	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  in	
  enclosed	
  spaces	
  in	
  the	
  
Eixample	
  district	
  
	
  
The	
  objective	
  of	
  this	
  programme	
  is	
  to	
  reach	
  out	
  to	
  women	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  in	
  enclosed	
  spaces	
  in	
  
the	
  Eixample	
  district	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  identify	
  situations	
  of	
  vulnerability,	
  to	
  offer	
  health	
  and	
  social	
  assistance	
  
and	
  guidance,	
  to	
  attend	
  to	
  their	
  needs	
  comprehensively	
  and	
  to	
  refer	
  them	
  to	
  programmes	
  run	
  by	
  the	
  
ABITS	
   Agency,	
   the	
   partner	
   organisation	
   involved	
   or	
   services	
   provided	
   by	
   other	
   organisations.	
   The	
  
programme	
   takes	
   into	
   account	
   both	
   factors	
   specific	
   to	
   these	
   women	
   and	
   the	
   types	
   of	
   services	
   and	
  
practices	
  found	
  in	
  such	
  locales.	
  
	
  
The	
  programme	
  was	
  launched	
  on	
  1	
  October	
  2013	
  with	
  a	
  search	
  for	
  clubs,	
  the	
  preparation	
  of	
  materials	
  
and	
   the	
   provision	
   of	
   assistance	
   circuits	
   for	
   the	
   women,	
   as	
   well	
   as	
   coordination	
   with	
   various	
  
organisations	
  devoted	
   to	
  providing	
   social	
  and	
  health	
   resources.	
  On	
  17	
  October	
  2013,	
   the	
   team	
  began	
  
visiting	
  apartments,	
  clubs	
  and	
  bars	
  in	
  the	
  Eixample	
  district	
  of	
  Barcelona.	
  
	
  
Public	
  hours	
  are	
  Monday	
  and	
  Thursday,	
  from	
  10	
  am	
  to	
  14	
  pm,	
  and	
  Tuesdays,	
  Wednesdays	
  and	
  Fridays,	
  
from	
  4	
  to	
  8	
  pm.	
  During	
  these	
  times,	
  two	
  days	
  per	
  week	
  are	
  devoted	
  to	
  visiting	
  locales,	
  whilst	
  the	
  other	
  
days	
  are	
  used	
  to	
  provide	
  individual,	
  confidential	
  assistance	
  at	
  the	
  offices	
  of	
  the	
  partner	
  organisation.	
  On	
  
Wednesdays,	
   the	
   team	
   goes	
   out	
   from	
   8	
   pm	
   to	
   midnight	
   in	
   order	
   to	
   reach	
   women	
   engaged	
   in	
  
prostitution	
  in	
  bars	
  and	
  apartments	
  at	
  night.	
  The	
  telephone	
  helpline	
  provided	
  operates	
  from	
  Monday	
  to	
  
Friday,	
  from	
  10	
  am	
  to	
  10	
  pm.	
  
	
  
The	
   approach	
  used	
   is	
   based	
  on	
  direct	
   intervention,	
   offering	
   resources	
   and	
   services	
   in	
   situ.	
   Parallel	
   to	
  
this,	
   individual	
   interventions	
  are	
  carried	
  out	
   for	
  women	
  who	
  request	
  this	
  at	
   the	
  office	
  and/or	
  through	
  
accompaniment	
  to	
  different	
  resources	
  and	
  services	
  in	
  the	
  network.	
  
	
  
The	
  resources	
  allocated	
  to	
  the	
  programme	
  are:	
  the	
  programme	
  coordinator,	
  a	
  social	
  worker	
  (20	
  hours	
  
per	
  week)	
  as	
  programme	
  leader,	
  a	
  manager	
  with	
  a	
  background	
  in	
  healthcare	
  (12	
  hours	
  per	
  week)	
  and	
  
three	
  volunteers	
  (health	
  workers).	
  
	
  
Actions	
  implemented	
  
	
  
The	
   programme	
   resulted	
   in	
   the	
   identification	
   of	
   95	
   enclosed	
   spaces:	
   39	
   clubs,	
   51	
   bars,	
   3	
   massage	
  
parlours	
  and	
  2	
  unspecified	
  locales.	
  	
  
	
  
In	
  October,	
  November	
  and	
  December	
  the	
  organisation	
  made	
  41	
  visits	
  to	
  30	
  different	
  enclosed	
  spaces	
  in	
  
order	
  to	
  provide	
  information	
  about	
  the	
  service.	
  Except	
  for	
  two	
  clubs	
  and	
  one	
  apartment,	
  there	
  were	
  no	
  
difficulties	
   in	
   accessing	
   the	
   locales	
   and	
   contacting	
   the	
   women.	
   Indeed,	
   most	
   of	
   the	
   locales	
   explicitly	
  
requested	
   that	
   the	
   service	
   should	
  make	
   regular	
   visits.	
  Most	
  of	
   the	
  women	
  who	
   run	
   the	
  premises	
   are	
  
older	
  than	
  the	
  women	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  there,	
  and	
  are	
  the	
  only	
  ones	
  with	
  employment	
  contracts.	
  
The	
  locales	
  are	
  usually	
  owned	
  by	
  men.	
  One	
  proprietor,	
  who	
  owns	
  two	
  clubs,	
  requested	
  the	
  presence	
  of	
  
the	
   service.	
  At	
   locales	
   considered	
   "luxury",	
   the	
  presence	
  of	
  private	
   security	
   companies	
  was	
  observed,	
  
with	
  between	
  three	
  and	
  six	
  people	
  at	
  the	
  door	
  and	
  fewer	
  (almost	
  nonexistent)	
  requests	
  put	
  forward	
  by	
  
the	
  women	
  themselves.	
  	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
16	
  
	
  
	
  
During	
  these	
  visits,	
  178	
  women	
  were	
  counted	
  and	
  contact	
  was	
  made	
  with	
  141	
  (some	
  women	
  may	
  have	
  
been	
   counted	
  or	
   contacted	
  more	
   than	
  once).	
  A	
   total	
   of	
   605	
  male	
   condoms	
  and	
  136	
   female	
   condoms	
  
were	
   distributed,	
   as	
   well	
   as	
   lubricants.	
   At	
   December	
   31,	
   the	
   team	
   was	
   assisting	
   and	
   individually	
  
monitoring	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  45	
  women,	
  all	
  of	
  whom	
  had	
  been	
  interviewed	
  at	
  the	
  SAS	
  office	
  and	
  accompanied	
  
to	
  resources	
  and	
  referred	
  to	
  other	
  services.	
  
	
  
Eight	
  liaison	
  meetings	
  took	
  place	
  with	
  different	
  bodies	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  establish	
  a	
  protocol	
  for	
  the	
  provision	
  
of	
   assistance	
   to	
   the	
   women,	
   and	
  meetings	
   with	
   different	
   organisations	
   and	
   services	
   were	
   also	
   held,	
  
whist	
  coordination	
  with	
  social	
  and	
  health	
  resources	
  was	
  established	
  by	
  telephone.	
  	
  
	
  
The	
  consumption	
  of	
  alcohol	
  and	
  other	
  drugs	
  (usually	
  cocaine)	
  is	
  a	
  common	
  practice	
  among	
  the	
  women,	
  
who	
  use	
  such	
  substances	
  as	
  a	
  means	
  of	
  escape	
  and	
  to	
  endure	
  the	
  hours	
   in	
  which	
  they	
  are	
  engaged	
  in	
  
the	
  practice.	
   In	
  many	
  cases,	
  moreover,	
   their	
  clients	
  ask	
   them	
  to	
  consume	
  such	
  substances	
   in	
  order	
   to	
  
make	
   them	
   lose	
   their	
   inhibitions	
   and	
   engage	
   in	
   more	
   high-­‐risk	
   sexual	
   practices	
   that	
   they	
   would	
   not	
  
agree	
  to	
  in	
  other	
  circumstances.	
  	
  
	
  
It	
  was	
  observed	
  that	
  the	
  women	
  change	
  locale	
  within	
  the	
  same	
  city	
  frequently	
  and	
  that	
  some	
  also	
  move	
  
from	
   one	
   city	
   or	
   country	
   to	
   another.	
  Many	
  women,	
   although	
   they	
   have	
   lived	
   in	
   Barcelona	
   for	
   some	
  
years,	
   have	
   difficulties	
   in	
   getting	
   around	
   in	
   the	
   city,	
   for	
   which	
   reason	
  many	
   need	
   accompaniment	
   in	
  
order	
  to	
  reach	
  services.	
  
	
  
Sociodemographic	
  profile	
  	
  
	
  
The	
   average	
   age	
  of	
   the	
  45	
  women	
  monitored	
   in	
   2013	
  was	
  33	
   years;	
   the	
   youngest	
  was	
  19,	
  whilst	
   the	
  
oldest	
  was	
  42	
  years	
  of	
  age.	
  
	
  
AGE	
   2013	
  %	
  
Under	
  25	
  years	
   11.0	
  
25-­‐30	
  years	
   20.0	
  
31-­‐40	
  years	
   46.5	
  
Over	
  40	
   9.0	
  
No	
  information	
   13.0	
  
	
  
Regarding	
   the	
   origin	
   of	
   the	
  women	
  monitored,	
   there	
  were	
   no	
   African	
  women,	
  whilst	
   Latin-­‐American	
  
women	
  were	
  the	
  largest	
  group.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
ORIGIN	
   2013	
  %	
  
Migrant	
   93.5	
  
National	
   6.5	
  
ORIGIN	
  	
   2013	
  %	
  
Latin	
  America	
   69.0	
  
Eastern	
  Europe	
   22.0	
  
Spanish	
   6.5	
  
Arabic	
  countries	
   2.0	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
17	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
Requests	
  
	
  
Many	
  women	
  explained	
  that	
  there	
  are	
  customers	
  who	
  request	
  sex	
  without	
  a	
  condom	
  and	
  are	
  willing	
  to	
  
pay	
  more	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  carry	
  out	
  this	
  higher-­‐risk	
  behaviour.	
  These	
  women	
  request	
  more	
  female	
  condoms	
  
than	
  those	
  engaged	
   in	
  prostitution	
   in	
   the	
  street.	
  Some	
  women	
  requested	
   training	
   in	
  using	
   the	
   female	
  
condom,	
  and	
  workshops	
  were	
  held	
  in	
  situ.	
  Other	
  women	
  requested	
  information	
  about	
  what	
  to	
  do	
  if	
  the	
  
condom	
  breaks.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
Interventions	
  and	
  referrals	
  
	
  
In	
  response	
  to	
  the	
  women’s	
  requests,	
  two	
  types	
  of	
  intervention	
  were	
  conducted:	
  
⎯ group	
   interventions	
   at	
   clubs	
   and	
   in	
   apartments:	
   information	
   about	
   drugs,	
   prevention	
   of	
  
unwanted	
  pregnancies,	
  prevention	
  of	
  HIV	
  and	
  other	
  sexually	
   transmitted	
  diseases,	
  use	
  of	
   the	
  
female	
  condom,	
  and	
   information	
  about	
   the	
  health	
  card	
  and	
   the	
  network	
  of	
   social	
  and	
  health	
  
resources	
  in	
  the	
  city.	
  
⎯ Individual	
   interventions	
  at	
  Red	
  Cross	
  offices:	
  10	
  individual	
   interviews	
  with	
  women	
  at	
  Red	
  Cross	
  
headquarters	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  gain	
  greater	
  understanding	
  of	
  their	
  situation	
  in	
  a	
  confidential	
  setting,	
  
15	
  accompaniments	
   to	
  health	
   resources	
   (gynaecology),	
   language	
  normalisation	
  centre	
  and	
  11	
  
referrals	
  to	
  resources	
  and	
  services	
  provided	
  by	
  other	
  organisations,	
  as	
  well	
  as	
  SAIER,	
  Anem	
  per	
  
feina,	
   the	
   SARA	
   pre-­‐employment	
   project,	
   the	
   Kit	
   food	
   programme,	
   the	
   campaign	
   for	
   toys	
   at	
  
Christmas,	
  Àmbit	
  dona	
  and	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency’s	
  SAS.	
  
	
  
ADMINISTRATIVE	
  SITUATION	
   2013	
  %	
  
Regular	
   73.50	
  
Irregular	
   13.00	
  
Community	
   13.50	
  
HEALTH	
  CARD	
   2013	
  %	
  
Yes	
   78	
  
No	
   20	
  
DK/NR	
   2	
  
GENDER	
   2013	
  %	
  
Women	
   87	
  
Transsexuals	
   13	
  
TYPE	
  OF	
  REQUEST	
  
(the	
  same	
  woman	
  may	
  make	
  
more	
  than	
  one	
  type	
  of	
  
request)	
  
2013	
  
Number	
  of	
  
women	
  	
  
	
  
Health	
   40	
  
Legal	
   9	
  
Employment	
   6	
  
Social	
   6	
  
TOTAL	
   61	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
18	
  
	
  
	
  
The	
  intervention	
  programme	
  run	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  the	
  Eixample	
  district	
  to	
  assist	
  women	
  engaged	
  
in	
  prostitution	
   in	
  bars,	
  apartments	
  and	
  clubs	
   is	
   implemented	
  under	
  a	
  cooperation	
  agreement	
  with	
  the	
  
Red	
  Cross	
  organisation.	
  
	
  
	
  
3.2.	
  Assistance	
  to	
  women	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  in	
  enclosed	
  spaces	
  in	
  Les	
  Corts	
  
district	
  	
  
	
  
The	
  objective	
   of	
   this	
   programme,	
   launched	
   in	
   July	
   2013,	
   is	
   to	
   form	
  a	
   picture	
   of	
   the	
   circumstances	
   of	
  
women	
  and	
  transsexual	
  people	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  in	
  clubs	
  in	
  Les	
  Corts	
  district,	
  to	
  learn	
  about	
  their	
  
characteristics	
  and	
  to	
  define	
  priorities	
  for	
  intervention:	
  contacting	
  the	
  women,	
  advising	
  them	
  about	
  the	
  
services	
   and	
   resources	
   available,	
   studying	
   their	
   circumstances,	
   detecting	
   any	
   situations	
   of	
   forced	
  
prostitution	
  and/or	
  violence	
  and	
  establishing	
  a	
  protocol	
  of	
  action	
  for	
  the	
  intervention.	
  Another	
  objective	
  
was	
   to	
   learn	
   about	
   alternative,	
   de-­‐localised	
   models	
   of	
   engagement	
   in	
   prostitution	
   (use	
   of	
   the	
   new	
  
technologies)	
  and	
  to	
  review	
  existing	
  studies.	
  
	
  
Using	
   different	
   search	
   engines	
   (list	
   of	
   locales	
   provided	
   by	
   the	
   district,	
   search	
   engines	
   specialised	
   in	
  
sexual	
   services,	
  discussion	
   forums	
  aimed	
  at	
  clients,	
  websites	
  of	
   locales,	
  professional	
  blogs,	
  newspaper	
  
contact	
  sections,	
  taxi	
  drivers,	
  sex	
  shops,	
  women	
  known	
  to	
  the	
  organisations)	
  an	
  exploration	
  was	
  made	
  
of	
  the	
  enclosed	
  spaces	
  in	
  Les	
  Corts	
  district.	
  This	
  search	
  enabled	
  the	
  team	
  to	
  draw	
  up	
  a	
  list	
  of	
  locales	
  and	
  
apartments,	
   to	
   pinpoint	
   their	
   location	
   and	
   to	
   gather	
   information	
   for	
   an	
   initial	
   outreach	
   stage.	
  
Considerable	
  difficulty	
  was	
  encountered	
   in	
  obtaining	
   the	
  exact	
   location	
  of	
   such	
   locales,	
  particularly	
   in	
  
the	
  case	
  of	
  apartments.	
  
	
  
The	
  locales	
  were	
  classified	
  into	
  four	
  categories:	
  	
  
	
  
-­‐ Clubs:	
  with	
  bar	
  service	
  and	
  entrance	
  from	
  the	
  street.	
  
-­‐ “Relax”:	
  erotic	
  massage	
  service	
  with	
  possibility	
  of	
  sexual	
  services.	
  
-­‐ Peep	
   show/X	
   cinema:	
   locales	
   where	
   erotic	
   shows	
   take	
   place	
   and	
   women	
   also	
   offer	
   sexual	
  
services	
  to	
  clients.	
   Includes	
  X	
   film	
  projection	
  rooms	
  where	
  women	
  engage	
   in	
  prostitution	
  with	
  
clients.	
  
-­‐ Apartments:	
  use	
  of	
  apartments	
  in	
  blocks	
  of	
  flats	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  providing	
  sexual	
  services.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
A	
   total	
   of	
   29	
  enclosed	
   spaces	
  were	
   identified.	
  Although	
   it	
  was	
  not	
  possible	
   to	
   visit	
   them	
  all,	
   contacts	
  
were	
  made	
  with	
  the	
  owners	
  and	
  it	
  was	
  noted	
  that	
  they	
  all	
  continued	
  to	
  operate.	
  Finally,	
  fourteen	
  of	
  the	
  
locales	
  identified	
  were	
  visited.	
  We	
  should	
  note	
  that	
  eight	
  of	
  these	
  enclosed	
  spaces	
  (four	
  clubs	
  and	
  four	
  
apartments)	
  did	
  not	
  allow	
  the	
  team	
  to	
  have	
  access	
  or	
  contact	
  with	
  the	
  women.	
  On	
  the	
  other	
  hand,	
  two	
  
apartments	
  and	
  three	
  clubs	
  asked	
  the	
  organisation	
  to	
  make	
  return	
  visits.	
  One	
  apartment	
  and	
  one	
  club	
  
were	
  not	
  visited	
  in	
  order	
  not	
  to	
  duplicate	
  the	
  intervention	
  of	
  another	
  organisation.	
  
	
  
The	
  social	
  educators	
  went	
  out	
  on	
  several	
  occasions,	
  making	
  visits	
  that	
  enabled	
  them	
  to	
  establish	
  initial	
  
contact	
  with	
   the	
   locales	
   operating.	
  Generally	
   speaking,	
   those	
   in	
   charge	
   of	
   these	
   establishments	
  were	
  
helpful	
  in	
  arranging	
  contact	
  with	
  the	
  women	
  and	
  enabling	
  the	
  visits	
  to	
  take	
  place.	
  A	
  total	
  of	
  60	
  women	
  
were	
  contacted	
  in	
  24	
  visits	
  (some	
  women	
  may	
  have	
  been	
  contacted	
  more	
  than	
  once).	
  The	
  second	
  visit	
  
ENCLOSED	
  SPACES	
  
IDENTIFIED	
  
2013	
  
Number	
  	
  
Clubs	
   10	
  
Relax	
   2	
  
Peep	
  show/X	
  cinema	
  	
   2	
  
Apartments	
   15	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
19	
  
	
  
	
  
to	
  each	
  locale	
  was	
  made	
  at	
  a	
  different	
  time	
  to	
  the	
  first	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  contact	
  different	
  women.	
  As	
  contacts	
  
were	
  established	
  with	
  different	
  locales,	
  it	
  was	
  noted	
  that	
  some	
  women	
  were	
  already	
  being	
  assisted	
  by	
  
organisations	
  specialising	
  in	
  providing	
  services	
  for	
  women	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution.	
  	
  
	
  
At	
  31	
  December	
  2013,	
  the	
  service	
  was	
  individually	
  monitoring	
  17	
  different	
  women.	
  
	
  
Sociodemographic	
  information	
  
	
  
The	
  17	
  women	
  monitored	
  presented	
  heterogeneous	
  profiles.	
  Their	
  ages	
  were	
  between	
  20	
  and	
  40	
  years,	
  
except	
   for	
   one	
   apartment,	
  where	
   the	
  women	
  were	
   over	
   65	
   years	
   old.	
   The	
  women	
   came	
   from	
   Spain,	
  
Argentina,	
  Brazil,	
  Romania,	
  Colombia,	
  Dominican	
  Republic,	
  China	
  and	
  Peru.	
  The	
  Latin	
  women	
  were	
  the	
  
most	
  numerous,	
  followed	
  by	
  those	
  from	
  the	
  Eastern	
  European	
  countries,	
  Spain	
  and	
  China.	
  
	
  
Requests	
  	
  
	
  
Most	
  of	
  the	
  requests	
  put	
  forward	
  by	
  the	
  women	
  concerned	
  health	
  (particularly	
  gynaecology)	
  and	
  many	
  
interventions	
  and	
  accompaniments	
  were	
  made	
   for	
   this	
   reason.	
  Other	
   requests	
  were	
   related	
   to	
   sexual	
  
and	
   reproductive	
   education,	
   psychological	
   assistance	
   and	
   emotional	
   support,	
   prevention	
   of	
   drug	
  
consumption	
   and	
   resources	
   to	
   deal	
  with	
  high-­‐risk	
   situations.	
  Higher	
   levels	
   of	
   drug	
   consumption	
  were	
  
noted	
  amongst	
   these	
  women	
   than	
  amongst	
   those	
  who	
  engage	
   in	
  prostitution	
   in	
   the	
   street	
  and	
   some	
  
were	
  already	
  under	
   treatment	
  at	
   services	
  specialising	
   in	
  addictions.	
  Some	
  women	
  who	
  had	
  requested	
  
assistance	
  pulled	
  out	
  at	
  the	
  last	
  minute	
  and	
  it	
  was	
  impossible	
  to	
  schedule	
  interventions	
  with	
  them.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
Analysis	
  and	
  review	
  of	
  studies	
  
	
  
In	
   September	
   2013,	
  with	
   the	
   aim	
  of	
   obtaining	
   information	
   about	
   “de-­‐localised”	
   prostitution,	
   contacts	
  
were	
  made	
  with	
  a	
  working	
  group	
  with	
  experience	
  in	
  the	
  subject	
  at	
  the	
  University	
  of	
  the	
  Balearic	
  Islands	
  
(Balearic	
   Islands	
   Research	
   Study	
   Group,	
   GEPIB).	
   More	
   specifically,	
   contact	
   was	
   made	
   with	
   Dr	
   Lluís	
  
Ballester,	
  who	
  leads	
  a	
  study	
  into	
  “de-­‐localised”	
  prostitution.	
  The	
  study	
  emphasises	
  the	
  use	
  of	
  the	
  new	
  
technologies	
   to	
   attract	
   and	
   contact	
   clients,	
   the	
   role	
   of	
   supply	
   and	
   demand	
   and	
   the	
   difficulty	
   of	
  
establishing	
  contacts	
  with	
  the	
  women	
  involved.	
  
	
  
It	
   was	
   impossible	
   to	
   contact	
   any	
   women	
   who	
   worked	
   by	
   offering	
   sexual	
   services	
   on	
   independent	
  
websites,	
  or	
   to	
   learn	
   their	
  modus	
  operandi.	
  The	
  difficulty	
   in	
  achieving	
   this	
   lies	
   in	
   the	
   fact	
   that,	
  before	
  
contacting	
   the	
   woman,	
   prior	
   payment	
   must	
   be	
   made	
   and,	
   when	
   the	
   organisation	
   identified	
   itself,	
  
communication	
  was	
  blocked.	
  
	
  
REQUESTS	
   2013	
  Number	
  	
  
Sexual	
  and	
  reproductive	
  
health	
   20	
  
Training	
   3	
  
Integration	
  into	
  
employment	
   2	
  
Primary	
  social	
  assistance	
   3	
  
INTERVENTIONS	
  AND	
  
ACCOMPANIMENT	
  
2013	
  
Number	
  	
  
Sexual	
  and	
  reproductive	
  
health	
   21	
  
Integration	
  into	
  
employment	
   1	
  
Social	
  assistance	
   2	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
20	
  
	
  
	
  
The	
   ABITS	
   Agency	
   programme	
   for	
   intervention	
   in	
   Les	
   Corts	
   district	
   as	
   a	
   strategic	
   line	
   for	
   providing	
  
assistance	
   to	
   women	
   engaged	
   in	
   prostitution	
   in	
   bars,	
   apartments	
   and	
   clubs	
   was	
   launched	
   in	
   the	
  
framework	
  of	
   a	
   cooperation	
  agreement	
  with	
   the	
  Oblate	
   Sisters	
  organisation’s	
  El	
   Lloc	
  de	
   la	
  Dona	
   (The	
  
Place	
  for	
  Women)	
  project.	
  	
  
	
  
	
  
3.3.	
  Assistance	
  to	
  women	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  in	
  enclosed	
  spaces	
  in	
  the	
  other	
  
districts	
  of	
  the	
  city	
  
	
  
This	
  programme,	
  aimed	
  at	
  people	
  who	
  engage	
  in	
  prostitution	
  in	
  apartments	
  and	
  locales,	
  providing	
  them	
  
with	
   information	
   about	
   the	
   services	
   and	
   resources	
   available	
   to	
   them,	
   was	
   launched	
   on	
   24	
   February	
  
2011.	
  Under	
  the	
  initiative,	
  regular	
  visits	
  are	
  made	
  to	
  premises	
  where	
  prostitution	
  takes	
  place,	
  contacting	
  
the	
  women	
  involved,	
  detecting	
  needs	
  and	
  requests,	
   identifying	
  situations	
  of	
  vulnerability	
  and	
  violence	
  
and	
  providing	
  comprehensive	
  assistance.	
  
	
  
In	
   2013,	
   the	
   educators	
   visited	
   a	
   total	
   of	
   19	
   locales	
   (13	
   apartments	
   and	
   six	
   clubs).	
   In	
   2012,	
   31	
   locales	
  
were	
  visited,	
  15	
  already	
  known	
  from	
  previous	
  years	
  and	
  16	
  for	
  the	
  first	
  time.	
  It	
  was	
  noted	
  in	
  these	
  visits	
  
that	
  the	
  trend	
  of	
  opening	
  self-­‐managed	
  locales	
  run	
  by	
  the	
  women	
  themselves	
  continued	
  to	
  rise.	
  	
  
	
  
In	
  total,	
  assistance	
  was	
  provided	
  to	
  162	
  women	
  in	
  57	
  apartments,	
  28	
  clubs	
  and	
  3	
  singles	
  bars.	
  Most	
  of	
  
these	
  women	
   approached	
   the	
   programme	
   of	
   their	
   own	
   volition	
   and	
   initiative.	
   Accordingly,	
   then,	
   the	
  
programme	
  covers	
  88	
  enclosed	
  spaces	
  in	
  the	
  city	
  of	
  Barcelona.	
  
	
  
As	
  the	
  table	
  below	
  shows,	
  there	
  was	
  a	
  significant	
  increase	
  in	
  assistance	
  provided	
  to	
  women	
  engaged	
  in	
  
prostitution	
  in	
  open	
  spaces	
  in	
  2013	
  compared	
  to	
  the	
  previous	
  year:	
  
	
  
	
  
WOMEN	
  PROVIDED	
  WITH	
  
ASSISTANCE	
  
2012	
   2012	
   2013	
   2013	
  
%	
   Number	
   %	
   Number	
  
Clubs	
  and	
  apartments	
   74.6%	
   226	
   48.01%	
   162	
  
Public	
  way	
   25.4%	
   77	
   51.90%	
   175	
  
TOTAL	
   100%	
   303	
   100%	
   337	
  
	
  
In	
  2013,	
  a	
   total	
  of	
  415	
  women	
  were	
  contacted.	
   Including	
  those	
  engaged	
   in	
   the	
  activity	
   in	
  both	
  closed	
  
and	
   open	
   spaces.	
   Of	
   these	
   415	
   women,	
   337	
   (81.20%	
   of	
   the	
   women	
   contacted)	
   were	
   assisted	
   and	
  
monitored	
   through	
   1,322	
   interventions	
   (individual	
   interviews,	
   accompaniment,	
   referrals	
   to	
   other	
  
resources,	
  etc.).	
   It	
   should	
  be	
  noted	
   that	
  282	
  of	
   the	
  415	
  women	
   (47.16%)	
  were	
  contacted	
   for	
   the	
   first	
  
time	
  in	
  2013.	
  
	
  
In	
  2012,	
  852	
  women	
  were	
  contacted	
  and	
  a	
  lower	
  number,	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  303,	
  were	
  monitored.	
  These	
  women	
  
were	
  the	
  subject	
  of	
  1,088	
  actions	
  in	
  2012,	
  when	
  151	
  (18%)	
  were	
  contacted	
  for	
  the	
  first	
  time.	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
21	
  
	
  
	
  
Sociodemographic	
  profile	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  who	
  received	
  assistance	
  
	
  
By	
   nationality,	
   the	
   largest	
   group	
   amongst	
   the	
   337	
   women	
   (44.51%)	
   came	
   from	
   Latin	
   America,	
  
particularly	
   Ecuador	
   (10.08%),	
   Dominican	
   Republic	
   (9.49%),	
   Colombia	
   (8.90%)	
   and	
   Brazil	
   (3.85%).	
   The	
  
next	
  most	
   numerous	
   group	
  was	
   formed	
  by	
  women	
   from	
   Sub-­‐Saharan	
  Africa	
   (26.70%),	
  mainly	
  Nigeria	
  
(25.22%).	
  Women	
  from	
  Eastern	
  Europe	
  accounted	
  for	
  47%	
  and	
  were	
  mostly	
  from	
  Romania	
  (9.79%)	
  and	
  
Russia	
  (2.97).	
  Spanish	
  nationals	
  accounted	
  for	
  6.82%,	
  Moroccans	
  3.26%	
  and	
  Chinese	
  1.19%.	
  
	
  
By	
   age,	
   the	
   23-­‐27	
   year	
   group	
   accounted	
   for	
   24.9%	
  of	
   the	
   total,	
   those	
   from	
  28	
   to	
   32	
   years,	
   19%,	
   and	
  
those	
  from	
  18	
  to	
  22	
  years,	
  16%.	
  
	
  
	
  
Requests	
  
	
  
The	
  most	
  common	
  request	
  put	
  forward	
  by	
  the	
  women,	
  both	
  those	
  from	
  enclosed	
  and	
  open	
  spaces,	
  was	
  
for	
   legal	
   assistance.	
   These	
   women	
  were	
   provided	
  with	
   information,	
   legal	
   advice	
   and,	
   in	
   some	
   cases,	
  
services	
  with	
  regard	
  to	
  immigration	
  issues	
  and	
  criminal	
  law.	
  
	
  
Secondly,	
  and	
  as	
  a	
  gateway	
  to	
  working	
  on	
  other	
  issues,	
  assistance	
  was	
  provided	
  with	
  regard	
  to	
  requests	
  
in	
   the	
   field	
   of	
   health	
   (prevention	
   of	
   sexually	
   transmitted	
   diseases,	
   use	
   of	
   condoms,	
   etc.).	
   The	
   trend	
  
towards	
   increasingly	
  unsafe	
   sexual	
  practices	
  and	
  concern	
  about	
   sexual	
  health	
  continued.	
  Situations	
   in	
  
which	
   women	
   were	
   the	
   victims	
   of	
   gender	
   violence	
   were	
   also	
   detected,	
   and	
   users	
   in	
   such	
   situations	
  
received	
  priority	
  attention.	
  Finally,	
  the	
  women	
  also	
  made	
  frequent	
  requests	
  related	
  to	
  integration	
  Into	
  
employment.	
  	
  
	
  
	
  
REQUESTS	
  
2012	
  
%	
  
2013	
  
%	
  
Health	
   63%	
   37.75%	
  
Legal	
   19%	
   52.12%	
  
Social	
  assistance	
  or	
  situations	
  
of	
  violence	
   18%	
  
10.23%	
  
TOTAL	
  CASES	
   1,088	
   1,322	
  
	
  
Although	
   most	
   resources	
   employed	
   were	
   the	
   agency’s	
   own	
   services,	
   which	
   accounted	
   for	
   71.86%	
  
(59.09%	
   in	
   2012),	
   referrals	
   were	
   also	
  made	
   in	
   the	
   field	
   of	
   health	
   (to	
   primary	
   assistance	
   centres	
   and	
  
hospitals),	
  social	
  resources	
  (ABITS-­‐SAS,	
  El	
  Lloc	
  de	
  la	
  Dona,	
  Anem	
  per	
  feina	
  and	
  the	
  Surt	
  Foundation)	
  and	
  
legal	
  services	
  (prosecutors,	
  law	
  enforcement	
  bodies,	
  SICAR.cat),	
  amongst	
  others.	
  	
  
	
  
The	
  ABITS	
  Agency’s	
   programme	
   for	
   intervention	
   in	
   other	
   districts	
   of	
   the	
   city	
   to	
   provide	
   assistance	
   to	
  
women	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  in	
  clubs	
  and	
  apartments	
  described	
  in	
  this	
  section	
  is	
  implemented	
  within	
  
the	
  framework	
  of	
  a	
  cooperation	
  agreement	
  with	
  the	
  Genera	
  Association	
  for	
  Women’s	
  Rights.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
22	
  
	
  
	
  
4.	
  Other	
  social	
  assistance	
  services	
  
	
  
4.1.	
  Intervention	
  and	
  assistance	
  for	
  women	
  in	
  situations	
  of	
  intermediate	
  
emergency	
  and	
  social	
  inclusion	
  
	
  
Since	
  2006,	
  Barcelona	
  City	
  Council	
  has	
  provided	
  intermediate	
  emergency	
  support	
  to	
  women	
  in	
  specific	
  
situations	
  through	
  the	
  provision	
  of	
  one-­‐off,	
   immediate	
  attention	
  to	
  minimise	
  the	
  risks	
  of	
   the	
  situation	
  
and	
   the	
   vulnerability	
   observed.	
   In	
   2010,	
   the	
   programme	
   was	
   expanded	
   and	
   became	
   known	
   as	
  
intervention	
   in	
   intermediate	
   emergencies	
   and	
   social	
   inclusion.	
  Moreover	
   support	
   for	
   shared	
   housing	
  
and	
  workshops	
  for	
  Nigerian	
  single-­‐parent	
  families	
  were	
  included	
  in	
  the	
  programme	
  provisions.	
  
	
  
Financial	
  aid	
  
	
  
Over	
   the	
  course	
  of	
  2013,	
  a	
   total	
  of	
  154	
  direct	
  economic	
  grants	
  were	
  provided	
   to	
  assist	
  52	
  people	
   (50	
  
women	
  and	
  2	
   female	
   transsexual	
  people),	
   22	
  of	
  whom	
   (42.31%	
  of	
   the	
   total)	
   received	
  more	
   than	
  one	
  
grant.	
   In	
   2012,	
   130	
   grants	
   were	
   provided	
   to	
   assist	
   51	
   people	
   (48	
   women	
   and	
   3	
   female	
   transsexual	
  
people).	
  
	
  
The	
   programme	
   provides	
   for	
   the	
   possibility	
   that	
   the	
   women	
   can	
   return	
   some	
   of	
   the	
   aid	
   (loan	
  
repayment)	
  when	
   their	
   economic	
   situation	
   allows	
   them	
   to	
   do	
   so,	
   although	
  most	
   cannot	
   due	
   to	
   their	
  
precarious	
   socio-­‐economic	
   situation.	
   As	
   a	
   result,	
   250	
   euros	
   were	
   repaid	
   from	
   the	
   total	
   aid	
   granted,	
  
which	
  rose	
  to	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  8,920.70	
  euros	
  
.	
  
	
  
	
  
FINANCIAL	
  AID	
  
2012	
   2012	
   2013	
   2013	
  
Amount	
  in	
  
euros	
  
Number	
  of	
  
grants	
   Amount	
  in	
  euros	
  
Number	
  of	
  
grants	
  
Housing	
   3,350.00	
   21	
   4,430.00	
   22	
  
Administrative	
  
procedures	
   2,865.16	
   25	
   2,764.80	
   31	
  
Health	
   1,251.45	
   19	
   849.00	
   16	
  
Travel	
   622.15	
   65	
   876.00	
   85	
  
TOTAL	
   8,088.76	
   130	
   8,920.70	
   154	
  
	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
23	
  
	
  
	
  
The	
  following	
  table	
  shows	
  the	
  sociodemographic	
  profiles	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  who	
  received	
  this	
  aid.	
  
	
  
PROFILE	
  	
   2012	
   2013	
  
Origen	
   90%	
   (46	
   women)	
   from	
   Sub-­‐Saharan	
  
Africa	
  	
  
The	
   remaining	
   10%	
  were	
   two	
   Spanish	
  
nationals,	
   two	
   Brazilian	
   women	
   and	
  
one	
  Moroccan	
  national	
  
78.72%	
  (41	
  women)	
  from	
  Sub-­‐Saharan	
  
Africa	
  
7.69%	
  (4	
  women)	
  from	
  Latin	
  America	
  
7.69%	
  (4	
  women)	
  from	
  Eastern	
  Europe	
  	
  
The	
   remaining	
   5.9%	
   corresponded	
   to	
  
two	
  women	
  from	
  the	
  Maghreb	
  and	
  one	
  
Spanish	
  national	
  	
  
Administrativ
e	
  situation	
   57%	
  (29	
  women)	
  in	
  regular	
  situation	
   67.31%	
  (35	
  women)	
  in	
  regular	
  situation	
  
Age	
   	
  70%	
   (36	
  women)	
   between	
   20	
   and	
   29	
  
years	
  	
  
	
  30%	
   (15	
  women)	
   between	
   30	
   and	
   45	
  
years	
  	
  
61.53%	
  (32	
  women)	
  between	
  31	
  and	
  40	
  
years	
  	
  
28.84%	
  (15	
  women)	
  between	
  20	
  and	
  30	
  
years	
  	
  
	
  9.61%	
  (5	
  women)	
  over	
  41	
  years	
  	
  
Children	
  
under	
  charge	
  
93%	
  (47	
  women)	
  have	
  children	
  	
  
83%	
  (42	
  women)	
  are	
  single	
  women	
  	
  
73.07%	
  (38	
  women)	
  have	
  children	
  under	
  
their	
  charge	
  
73.07%	
  (38	
  women)	
  are	
  single	
  women	
  
26.92%	
  (14	
  women)	
  live	
  with	
  a	
  partner	
  
Education	
  
level	
  
No	
  data	
  available	
  
48.07%	
  (25	
  women)	
  secondary	
  studies	
  
26.92%	
  (14	
  women)	
  primary	
  studies	
  
15.38%	
  (8	
  women)	
  vocational	
  
training/university	
  
9.61%	
   (5	
  women)	
   can	
   neither	
   read	
   nor	
  
write	
  
	
  
Shared	
  housing	
  
	
  
The	
  shared	
  housing	
  was	
  occupied	
  by	
  four	
  adult	
  women	
  and	
  two	
  children	
  (one	
  aged	
  seven	
  years	
  and	
  one	
  
aged	
  three,	
   the	
  children	
  of	
   two	
  of	
   the	
  women)	
   for	
  periods	
  of	
  3-­‐17	
  months.	
  All	
   these	
  people	
  began	
  to	
  
receive	
  assistance	
  from	
  the	
  service	
  in	
  2012.	
  In	
  all	
  cases,	
  the	
  women	
  were	
  monitored	
  by	
  the	
  service.	
  The	
  
cost	
   of	
   this	
   resource	
   in	
   terms	
   of	
   rent	
   and	
   utilities	
   was	
   4,340	
   euros,	
   of	
   which	
   the	
   women	
   paid	
   150,	
  
leaving	
  total	
  expenditure	
  of	
  4,280	
  euros.	
  
	
  
Workshops	
  
	
  
In	
   2013,	
   a	
   total	
   of	
   7	
  workshops	
  were	
   organised,	
   2	
   in	
   April	
   (6	
  women)	
   and	
   a	
   second	
   in	
   September	
   (5	
  
women)	
   with	
   a	
   total	
   duration	
   of	
   20	
   hours	
   spread	
   over	
   5	
   sessions.	
   During	
   the	
   months	
   of	
   October,	
  
November	
  and	
  December,	
  4	
  more	
  workshops	
  were	
  organised	
  for	
  13	
  women	
  referred	
  by	
  the	
  SAS.	
  These	
  
consisted	
  of	
  12	
  hours,	
  spread	
  over	
  3	
  sessions	
  of	
  4	
  hours	
  each,	
  with	
  the	
  participation	
  of	
  a	
  psychologist,	
  a	
  
social	
  worker	
  and	
  a	
  student	
  social	
  worker	
  on	
  work	
  practice.	
  	
  
	
  
This	
   programme	
   of	
   assistance	
   for	
   women	
   in	
   intermediate	
   emergencies	
   and	
   social	
   inclusion	
   is	
  
implemented	
  within	
  the	
  framework	
  of	
  a	
  cooperation	
  agreement	
  with	
  the	
  Àmbit	
  Prevenció	
  (Prevention	
  
Area)	
  Foundation.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
24	
  
	
  
	
  
4.2.	
  “Socio-­‐sanitary	
  pills”	
  for	
  women	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  in	
  the	
  public	
  way	
  
	
  
This	
   programmed	
  was	
   established	
   to	
   promote	
   the	
   prevention	
   of	
   socio-­‐sanitary	
   risks	
   amongst	
   people	
  
engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  in	
  Barcelona	
  with	
  the	
  aim	
  of	
  improving	
  their	
  state	
  of	
  health,	
  using	
  education	
  as	
  a	
  
tool	
   for	
   change	
   and	
   transformation,	
   and	
   in	
   response	
   to	
   the	
   great	
   demand	
   from	
   the	
   women	
   for	
  
information	
  and	
  assistance	
  in	
  this	
  field.	
  
	
  
In	
  2013,	
  the	
  outreach	
  service	
  went	
  out	
  on	
  16	
  occasions,	
  delivering	
  92	
  information	
  sessions	
  or	
  "pills"	
  in	
  
the	
   street	
   to	
   a	
   total	
   of	
   151	
   women.	
   Moreover,	
   7	
   training	
   actions	
   also	
   took	
   place,	
   with	
   an	
   average	
  
attendance	
  of	
  8	
  people	
  per	
  session	
  (24	
  in	
  total,	
  mostly	
  women	
  of	
  Nigerian	
  origin).	
  
	
  
The	
  subjects	
  discussed	
  at	
   the	
   information	
  sessions	
   included	
  healthy	
  habits,	
   the	
  prevention	
  of	
   sexually	
  
transmitted	
   diseases	
   and	
   unwanted	
   pregnancies,	
   reducing	
   harm	
   caused	
   by	
   drug	
   use	
   and	
   preventing	
  
gender	
  violence.	
  	
  
	
  
The	
  programme	
  on	
  health	
  care	
  and	
  prevention	
  is	
  implemented	
  through	
  a	
  cooperation	
  agreement	
  with	
  
the	
  organisation	
  Doctors	
  of	
  the	
  World	
  (Metges	
  del	
  Món).	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
25	
  
	
  
	
  
5.	
  Services	
  and	
  training	
  resources	
  for	
  training	
  and	
  
integration	
  into	
  employment	
  	
  
	
  
5.1.	
  DIR	
  Comprehensive	
  programme	
  for	
  the	
  re-­‐employment	
  of	
  women	
  engaged	
  
in	
  prostitution	
  
	
  
The	
   objective	
   of	
   the	
   DIR	
   re-­‐employment	
   programme	
   is	
   to	
   provide	
   a	
   response	
   to	
   women	
   who,	
   from	
  
personal	
  choice,	
  wish	
  to	
  give	
  up	
  prostitution	
  and	
  start	
  out	
  in	
  a	
  different	
  activity.	
  The	
  range	
  of	
  resources	
  
offered	
  by	
  the	
  DIR	
  programme	
  enables	
  each	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  who	
  participate	
  in	
  it	
  to	
  design	
  and	
  put	
  into	
  
practice	
   their	
   own	
   professional	
   projects,	
   to	
   develop	
   professional	
   skills	
   and	
   to	
   improve	
   their	
  
employability	
  with	
  regard	
  to	
  the	
  labour	
  market,	
  their	
  employment	
  goal	
  and	
  the	
  job	
  they	
  would	
   like	
  to	
  
find.	
   The	
   programme	
   has	
   a	
   large	
   resource	
   bank	
   enabling	
   circuits	
   to	
   be	
   adjusted	
   to	
   each	
   woman	
  
individually	
  in	
  accordance	
  with	
  their	
  needs.	
  	
  
	
  
The	
  data	
  for	
  the	
  period	
  from	
  January	
  to	
  December	
  2013	
  include	
  three	
  editions	
  of	
  the	
  DIR	
  programme,	
  
with	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  four	
  groups:	
  
	
  
-­‐	
  Edition	
  2	
  	
  
-­‐ GROUP	
  2:	
  	
  
⎯ Data	
   from	
   January	
   2013	
   to	
   April	
   2013	
   (the	
   women	
   had	
   started	
   the	
   process	
   in	
   May	
  
2012).	
  
-­‐ GROUP	
  3:	
  
⎯ Data	
   from	
   January	
   2013	
   to	
   August	
   2013	
   (the	
   women	
   had	
   started	
   the	
   process	
   in	
  
September	
  2012).	
  
	
  
-­‐	
  Edition	
  3	
  (Annex	
  1)	
  
-­‐ GROUP	
  4:	
  	
  
⎯ Data	
   from	
  April	
  2013	
   to	
  December	
  2013	
   (the	
  women	
  had	
  started	
   the	
  process	
   in	
  2013	
  
and	
  will	
  complete	
  it	
  in	
  March	
  2014).	
  
	
  
-­‐	
  Edition	
  4	
  (Annex	
  2)	
  
-­‐ GROUP	
  5:	
  	
  
⎯ Data	
   from	
   September	
   2013	
   to	
   December	
   2013	
   (the	
   women	
   started	
   the	
   process	
   in	
  
September	
  2013	
  and	
  will	
  complete	
  it	
  in	
  August	
  2014).	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
DIR	
  EDITION	
  2	
  
	
  
GROUPS	
  2	
  and	
  3.	
  Sociodemographic	
  profile	
  of	
  the	
  two	
  groups	
  
	
  
The	
  initial	
  data	
  for	
  both	
  groups,	
  for	
  which	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  40	
  women	
  were	
  selected,	
  were	
  jointly	
  analysed.	
  The	
  
Group	
   2	
   process	
   began	
   in	
  May	
   2012	
   and	
   ended	
   in	
  March	
   2013,	
  whilst	
   the	
  Group	
  3	
   process	
   began	
   in	
  
September	
  2012	
  and	
  ended	
  in	
  August	
  2013.	
  
	
  
Thirty-­‐five	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  (87.50%)	
  were	
  migrants,	
  the	
  remaining	
  five	
  (12.5%)	
  Spanish	
  nationals.	
  A	
  new	
  
development	
  in	
  2012	
  was	
  the	
  inclusion	
  of	
  women	
  of	
  Nigerian	
  origin	
  in	
  the	
  programme,	
  a	
  state	
  of	
  affairs	
  
that	
  continued	
  in	
  2013.	
  
	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
26	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
All	
   the	
  women	
  had	
   regularised	
   their	
   situations	
  administratively,	
   55%	
  with	
  European	
  Community	
  work	
  
and	
   residence	
   permits,	
   22.50%	
   with	
   Community	
   residence	
   permits	
   but	
   without	
   work	
   permits,	
   and	
  
22.50%	
  with	
  DNI	
  Spanish	
  national	
  identity	
  documents.	
  
	
  
90%	
  had	
  children	
  or	
  other	
  people	
  under	
  their	
  charge,	
  25%	
  of	
  them	
  in	
  their	
  country	
  of	
  origin.	
  
	
  
Of	
  the	
  40	
  women	
  selected	
  for	
  G2	
  and	
  G3	
  in	
  2012,	
  6	
  closed	
  the	
  process	
  in	
  2012,	
  3	
  dropping	
  out	
  and	
  3	
  by	
  
agreement	
  (health	
  reasons,	
  pregnancy,	
  child	
  rearing).	
  	
  
	
  
The	
  G2	
  women	
  began	
  the	
  process	
  in	
  May	
  2012	
  and	
  completed	
  it	
  in	
  March/April	
  2013.	
  Of	
  the	
  25	
  women	
  
who	
  entered	
   the	
  programme	
   in	
  2012,	
  one	
  dropped	
  out	
   in	
   the	
   first	
   two	
  months	
  and	
   two	
  more	
  did	
   so	
  
between	
  the	
  third	
  and	
  sixth	
  month.	
  As	
  a	
  result,	
  at	
  1	
  January	
  2013,	
  21	
  women	
  continued	
  to	
  form	
  part	
  of	
  
G2	
  in	
  the	
  DIR	
  programme.	
  When	
  the	
  course	
  ended	
  for	
  that	
  group,	
  11	
  of	
  the	
  21	
  women	
  were	
  proposed	
  
for	
   another	
   programme	
   of	
   integration	
   into	
   employment	
   (ITI)	
   and	
   eight	
   were	
   registered	
   for	
   the	
   DIR	
  
programme.	
  	
  
	
  
The	
  women	
  in	
  G3	
  began	
  the	
  DIR	
  process	
  in	
  September	
  2012	
  and	
  completed	
  it	
  in	
  August	
  2013.	
  Of	
  the	
  15	
  
women	
  that	
  started	
  out	
  in	
  2012,	
  two	
  dropped	
  out	
  in	
  the	
  first	
  month	
  and	
  another	
  halfway	
  through	
  the	
  
course.	
  The	
  remaining	
  13	
  women	
  completed	
  the	
  programme,	
  in	
  July	
  and	
  August	
  2013.	
  	
  
	
  
Accordingly,	
  then,	
  in	
  2013,	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  34	
  women	
  (21	
  in	
  G2	
  and	
  13	
  in	
  G3)	
  continued	
  the	
  process	
  and	
  were	
  
still	
  active	
  participants	
  in	
  the	
  second	
  edition	
  of	
  the	
  DIR	
  programme.	
  
MAIN	
   COUNTRIES	
   OF	
   ORIGIN	
   Data	
  
from	
  G2	
  +	
  G3	
  	
   %	
  
Nigeria	
   30%	
  
Romania	
   15%	
  
Ecuador	
   15%	
  
Spain	
   12.5%	
  
Colombia	
   10%	
  
AGE	
  GROUPS	
  
Data	
  from	
  G2	
  +	
  G3	
   %	
  
Under	
  25	
  years	
   2.5%	
  
25-­‐35	
  years	
   52.5%	
  
36-­‐45	
  years	
  	
   25%	
  
46-­‐65	
  years	
   20%	
  
LEVEL	
  OF	
  STUDIES	
  
Data	
  from	
  G2	
  +	
  G3	
   %	
  
Primary	
  	
   25%	
  
Secondary	
   55%	
  
University	
  	
   20%	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
27	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
⎯ Implementation	
  of	
  professional	
  projects	
  	
  
The	
  activities	
  completed	
  by	
  the	
  women	
  in	
  G2	
  and	
  G·∙	
  were:	
   	
  
	
  
	
  
Activities	
  to	
  improve	
  skills	
  
Number	
  of	
  
women	
  
G2	
  +	
  G3	
  
Introductory	
  cookery	
  workshop	
  (six	
  women)	
  
Introductory	
  chambermaid	
  workshop	
  (five	
  women)	
   11	
  
Work	
  practice	
  	
   9	
  
Module	
  on	
  job	
  seeking	
  techniques	
  	
   13	
  
Computer	
  use	
  module	
   10	
  
Catalan/Spanish	
  module	
   7	
  
Module	
  to	
  develop	
  transversal	
  skills	
  of	
  
identification,	
  coping,	
  relating	
  	
   21	
  
Module	
  on	
  job	
  seeking	
  techniques	
  	
   29	
  
	
  
Accompaniment	
  in	
  active	
  job	
  seeking	
  	
  
Number	
  of	
  
women	
  
G2	
  +	
  G3	
  
Class	
  on	
  job	
  seeking,	
  technical	
  assistance	
  	
   20	
  
Module	
  to	
  monitor	
  job	
  seeking	
  	
   29	
  
Tutorials	
  to	
  provide	
  guidance	
  in	
  the	
  process	
  of	
  job	
  
seeking	
   34	
  
Tutorials	
  on	
  consolidating	
  and	
  retaining	
  employment	
  	
   24	
  
	
  
Employment	
  guidance	
  
Number	
  of	
  
women	
  
G2	
  +	
  G3	
  
Individual	
  legal	
  advice	
   6	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
28	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
⎯ Cases	
  of	
  integration	
  into	
  employment:	
  G2	
  +	
  G3	
  
	
  
DIR	
   G2	
   and	
   G3	
   enabled	
   24	
   women	
   to	
   be	
   integrated	
   into	
   the	
   formal	
   employment	
   market,	
   with	
   31	
  
contracts,	
  a	
   figure	
  that	
  represents	
  71%	
  of	
  the	
  34	
  women	
  who	
  took	
  part	
   in	
  the	
  process.	
  Seven	
  women	
  
were	
  integrated	
  into	
  employment	
  in	
  2013,	
  with	
  seven	
  employment	
  contracts.	
  Eleven	
  women	
  also	
  found	
  
work	
   in	
  the	
   informal	
  employment	
  market	
  (the	
  same	
  woman	
  may	
  have	
  found	
  employment	
   in	
  both	
  the	
  
formal	
  and	
  informal	
  markets).	
  
	
  
	
  
Number	
  of	
  
women	
  
integrated	
  into	
  
employment	
  G2	
  +	
  
G3	
  
Number	
  of	
  
contracts	
   Occupation	
  
24	
   31	
  
2	
  assistant	
  librarians	
  
3	
  nutrition	
  advisors	
  
1	
  massage	
  assistant	
  	
  
7	
  chambermaids	
  	
  
1	
  seamstress	
  
1	
  carer	
  for	
  elderly	
  people	
  
2	
  shop	
  assistants	
  
13	
  cleaners	
  
1	
  blog	
  assistant	
  
	
  
Of	
   the	
   24	
   women	
   integrated	
   into	
   employment	
   with	
   contracts,	
   15	
   had	
   children	
   in	
   their	
   charge	
   in	
  
Barcelona.	
   In	
   58%	
   of	
   cases,	
   integration	
   Into	
   quality	
   employment	
   was	
   achieved	
   (14	
   women	
   with	
  
contracts	
   for	
   over	
   six	
  months	
   and/or	
   integration	
   that	
  met	
   the	
   employment	
   goal	
   proposed).	
   42%	
   (10	
  
women)	
  achieved	
  initial	
  integration	
  Into	
  Employment	
  (first	
  job).	
  
	
  
51%	
  of	
   the	
  women	
  obtained	
  contracts	
  of	
  up	
   to	
  six	
  months	
  and	
  23%	
  contracts	
  of	
   six	
  months	
  or	
  more.	
  
13%	
  were	
  temporary,	
  for	
  less	
  than	
  one	
  month,	
  or	
  short-­‐term	
  substitutions.	
  Non	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  in	
  G2	
  and	
  
G3	
  received	
  permanent	
  contracts.	
  	
  
	
  
39%	
  of	
  the	
  jobs	
  were	
  full-­‐time,	
  whilst	
  58%	
  were	
  part-­‐time	
  contracts	
  of	
  20	
  hours	
  a	
  week	
  or	
  more	
  and	
  the	
  
remaining	
  3%	
  corresponded	
  to	
  contracts	
  for	
  less	
  than	
  the	
  weekly	
  part-­‐time	
  rate	
  (4	
  hours	
  per	
  week).	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
62%	
   of	
   the	
   women	
   who	
   found	
   work	
   did	
   so	
   through	
   the	
   organisation’s	
   mediation	
   and	
   internal	
   job	
  
listings.	
  The	
  remaining	
  38%	
  of	
  women	
  integrated	
  into	
  employment	
  achieved	
  this	
  independently	
  and	
  by	
  
putting	
  forward	
  their	
  own	
  job	
  applications.	
   It	
  should	
  be	
  noted	
  that	
  a	
   large	
  percentage	
  of	
  women	
  who	
  
found	
  their	
  first	
  job	
  through	
  the	
  organisation’s	
  mediation	
  later	
  went	
  on	
  to	
  find	
  work	
  independently.	
  	
  
SECTORS	
  OF	
  INTEGRATION	
  	
  
Data	
  from	
  G2	
  +	
  G3	
   %	
  
Services	
  to	
  companies	
  /	
  people	
  
(cleaning)	
   29%	
  
Hotels	
   25%	
  
Education/libraries	
   22%	
  
Commerce	
   14%	
  
Textiles	
   4%	
  
Health	
   6%	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
29	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
22.2%	
   (two	
  women	
  out	
  of	
  nine)	
  who	
  did	
  work	
  practice	
  at	
   companies	
   in	
  2013	
   later	
   found	
  work	
  at	
   the	
  
same	
  enterprise.	
  
	
  
DIR	
  EDITION	
  3	
  (Annex	
  1)	
  Group	
  4	
  
	
  
The	
  women	
  from	
  Group	
  4	
  began	
  the	
  process	
  in	
  April	
  2013	
  and	
  will	
  end	
  it	
  in	
  March	
  2014.	
  Data	
  from	
  April	
  
2013	
  to	
  December	
  2013	
  is	
  analysed	
  here.	
  	
  
	
  
Of	
  the	
  37	
  women	
  referred,	
  25	
  were	
  finally	
  selected.	
  Those	
  that	
  were	
  not	
  selected	
  either	
  did	
  not	
  match	
  
the	
  required	
  profile	
  or	
  ruled	
  themselves	
  out.	
  	
  
	
  
Of	
   the	
   25	
   women	
   selected,	
   24	
   were	
   still	
   continuing	
   the	
   process	
   at	
   31	
   December	
   2013,	
   whilst	
   one	
  
dropped	
  out	
  by	
  mutual	
  agreement.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
76%	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  who	
  participated	
  in	
  Edition	
  3	
  of	
  DIR	
  had	
  children	
  or	
  other	
  people	
  in	
  their	
  charge.	
  
	
  
62%	
   of	
   the	
   women	
   who	
   found	
   work	
   did	
   so	
   through	
   the	
   organisation’s	
   mediation	
   and	
   internal	
   job	
  
listings.	
  
	
  
MAIN	
  COUNTRIES	
  OF	
  
ORIGIN	
  	
  
Edition	
  3	
  -­‐	
  Group	
  4	
  
%	
  
National	
   20%	
  
Migrant	
   80%	
  
Latin	
  
Ecuador	
  
36%	
  
16%	
  
Sub-­‐Saharan	
  
Nigeria	
  
24%	
  
16%	
  
Eastern	
  Europe	
  
Bulgaria	
  
Russia	
  
Romania	
  
16%	
  
8%	
  
4%	
  
4%	
  
Morocco	
   4%	
  
DOCUMENTATION	
  
Edition	
  3	
  -­‐	
  Group	
  4	
   %	
  
Official	
  Spanish	
  ID	
   20%	
  
Community	
  (residence)	
   8%	
  
Community	
  (residence	
  and	
  
work)	
   72%	
  
AGE	
  GROUPS	
  
Edition	
  3	
  -­‐	
  Group	
  4	
   %	
  
Under	
  25	
  years	
   0%	
  
25-­‐35	
  years	
   36%	
  
36-­‐45	
  years	
  	
   56%	
  
46	
  -­‐65	
  years	
   8%	
  
LEVEL	
  OF	
  STUDIES	
  
Edition	
  3	
  -­‐	
  Group	
  4	
   %	
  
Unschooled	
   8%	
  
Primary	
  	
   28%	
  
Secondary	
   48%	
  
University	
  	
   4%	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
30	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
⎯ Actions	
  to	
  implement	
  the	
  professional	
  project	
  
	
  
To	
  ensure	
   that	
  each	
  of	
   the	
  participating	
  women	
  could	
  develop	
   their	
  professional	
  projects	
   individually	
  
and	
  at	
  their	
  own	
  rhythm,	
  a	
  range	
  of	
  resources	
  was	
  proposed:	
  
	
  
TUTORIAL	
  TO	
  MONITOR	
  
IMPLEMENTATION	
  
Edition	
  3	
  -­‐	
  Group	
  4	
  
Number	
  of	
  
women	
  
Definition	
  of	
  the	
  goal	
  of	
  integration	
   26	
  
Definition	
  of	
  the	
  
employment/professional	
  goal	
  	
   26	
  
Definition	
  of	
  the	
  training	
  goal	
  	
   21	
  
Definition	
  of	
  the	
  action	
  plan	
  	
   25	
  
	
  
ACTIONS	
  TO	
  IMPROVE	
  SKILLS	
  
Edition	
  3	
  -­‐	
  Group	
  4	
   Number	
  of	
  women	
  
Surt	
  Foundation	
  introductory	
  workshops	
  
8	
  women:	
  
-­‐ 3	
  chambermaids	
  
-­‐ 2	
  customer	
  service	
  
supermarket	
  workers	
  
-­‐ 3	
  seamstresses	
  	
  
DIR-­‐TS	
  introductory	
  workshops	
   9	
  domestic	
  assistants	
  
Online	
  training	
   9	
  food	
  handlers	
  
Module	
  on	
  job	
  seeking	
  techniques	
  	
   25	
  	
  
Computer	
  use	
  module	
   17	
  
Catalan	
  module	
  (Consortium	
  for	
  
Language	
  Normalisation)	
   16	
  
Change	
  skill	
  module	
   9	
  
Module	
  to	
  develop	
  transversal	
  skills	
  of	
  
identification,	
  coping,	
  relating	
  	
  
18	
  	
  
Linked	
  to	
  processes	
  of	
  
training	
  (domestic	
  
assistants	
  and	
  
seamstresses)	
  and	
  
recruitment	
  
Module	
  on	
  planning	
  the	
  search	
  for	
  jobs	
   19	
  
	
  
EMPLOYMENT	
  ADVICE	
  
Edition	
  3	
  -­‐	
  Group	
  4	
  
Number	
  of	
  
women	
  
Group	
  employment	
  advice	
  module	
  	
   18	
  
individual	
  legal	
  advice	
   15	
  
	
  
ACCOMPANIMENT	
  IN	
  ACTIVE	
  JOB	
  SEEKING	
  
Edition	
  3	
  -­‐	
  Group	
  4	
  
Number	
  of	
  
women	
  
Class	
  in	
  job	
  seeking,	
  technical	
  assistance	
  	
   9	
  
Modules	
  to	
  monitor	
  job	
  seeking	
   19	
  
Tutorials	
  to	
  provide	
  guidance	
  in	
  the	
  job	
  seeking	
  process	
  	
   22	
  
Tutorials	
  on	
  consolidating	
  and	
  retaining	
  employment	
  	
   13	
  
	
  	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
31	
  
	
  
	
  
⎯ Cases	
  of	
  integration	
  into	
  employment	
  
	
  
In	
  the	
  third	
  edition	
  of	
  DIR	
  (Group	
  4),	
  at	
  31	
  December	
  2013,	
  the	
  25	
  women	
  included	
  in	
  the	
  programme	
  at	
  
the	
  beginning	
  had	
  achieved	
  13	
   cases	
  of	
   integration	
   into	
  employment,	
  with	
  14	
   contracts,	
   representing	
  
52%	
   of	
   the	
   total.	
   Moreover,	
   9	
   of	
   the	
   25	
   women	
   selected	
   found	
   employment	
   in	
   the	
   informal	
   labour	
  
market.	
  These	
  figures	
  are	
  expected	
  to	
  have	
  increased	
  by	
  the	
  time	
  the	
  programme	
  ends	
  in	
  March	
  2014.	
  
	
  
Most	
  of	
  the	
  contracts	
  (71.43%)	
  were	
  for	
  part-­‐time	
  work,	
  whilst	
  28.57%	
  were	
  for	
  full-­‐time	
  jobs.	
  
	
  
86%	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  that	
  found	
  work	
  obtained	
  quality	
  employment,	
  as	
  their	
  contracts	
  were	
  for	
  more	
  than	
  
six	
  months	
  and/or	
  responded	
  to	
  the	
  professional	
  goal	
  they	
  had	
  proposed.	
  	
  
	
  
86%	
  of	
  contracts	
  were	
  temporary,	
   for	
   less	
   than	
  six	
  months.	
  One	
  contract	
  was	
  permanent	
  and	
  one	
   for	
  
less	
  than	
  one	
  month.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
The	
  jobs	
  related	
  to	
  the	
  cleaning	
  sector	
  (services	
  to	
  businesses	
  and	
  individuals)	
  accounted	
  for	
  71.43%	
  of	
  
total	
  contracts.	
  85.71%	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  who	
  found	
  work	
  did	
  so	
  through	
  the	
  organisation’s	
  mediation	
  and	
  
job	
  listings.	
  12.5%	
  (two	
  women	
  out	
  of	
  16)	
  who	
  completed	
  work	
  practice	
  in	
  2013	
  later	
  found	
  work	
  at	
  the	
  
same	
  company.	
  
	
  
	
  
EDITION	
  4	
  (Annex	
  2)	
  Group	
  5	
  
	
  
The	
  women	
  who	
  took	
  part	
  in	
  this	
  edition	
  began	
  the	
  process	
  in	
  September	
  2013	
  and	
  will	
  complete	
  it	
  in	
  
August	
  2014.	
  This	
  report	
  analyses	
  data	
  from	
  September	
  to	
  December	
  2013.	
  
	
  
Of	
  the	
  31	
  women	
  referred	
  to	
  the	
  programme,	
  25	
  took	
  part	
  in	
  the	
  selection	
  process.	
  Of	
  these,	
  11	
  women	
  
were	
  not	
   selected	
  due	
   to	
   lack	
  of	
   availability,	
   not	
  having	
  a	
  work	
  permit,	
   not	
   speaking	
   the	
   language	
  or	
  
having	
   little	
   interest	
   or	
   motivation.	
   Fifteen	
   women	
   were	
   finally	
   selected,	
   and	
   these	
   continued	
   the	
  
process	
  actively	
  at	
  31	
  December	
  2013.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
SECTORS	
   OF	
   EMPLOYMENT	
  
INTEGRATION	
  
Edition	
  3	
  -­‐	
  Group	
  4	
  
%	
  
Services	
  to	
  companies	
  (cleaning)	
   64.29%	
  
Services	
  to	
  individuals	
  (cleaning)	
   7.14%	
  
Hotels	
   14.29%	
  
Social	
  and	
  textile	
   14.28%	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
32	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
76%	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  who	
  took	
  part	
  in	
  DIR	
  Edition	
  3	
  had	
  children	
  or	
  other	
  people	
  in	
  their	
  charge.	
  
	
  
	
  
⎯ Actions	
  to	
  implement	
  the	
  professional	
  project	
  
	
  
To	
  ensure	
   that	
  each	
  of	
   the	
  participating	
  women	
  could	
  develop	
   their	
  professional	
  projects	
   individually	
  
and	
  at	
  their	
  own	
  rhythm,	
  a	
  range	
  of	
  resources	
  was	
  proposed:	
  
	
  
-­‐ Individualised	
   actions:	
  personalised	
   interviews,	
   employability	
   analysis	
   tutorials,	
   comparison	
   of	
  
skills	
  profile	
  with	
  requirements	
  of	
  the	
  job	
  established	
  as	
  the	
  goal,	
  formulating	
  an	
  action	
  plan	
  to	
  
achieve	
  the	
  goals	
  established.	
  
-­‐ Training	
   actions:	
   introductory	
   workshop	
   on	
   working	
   as	
   a	
   domestic	
   assistant,	
   food	
   handling	
  
certificate,	
  active	
  job	
  seeking	
  techniques,	
  transversal	
  skills.	
  
-­‐ Job	
  seeking/integration	
  plan	
  actions	
  
Work	
   practice	
   at	
   companies:	
   at	
   31	
   December	
   2013,	
   7	
   of	
   the	
   15	
  women	
   taken	
   on	
   at	
   the	
   start	
   of	
   the	
  
programme	
   (46.67%)	
   had	
   completed	
   work	
   practice	
   as	
   domestic	
   assistants	
   at	
   companies	
   and	
   were	
  
awaiting	
  the	
  opportunity	
  to	
  fill	
  any	
  vacancies.	
  
	
  
⎯ Cases	
  of	
  integration	
  into	
  employment	
  
	
  
The	
  women	
  began	
  the	
  process	
  in	
  September/October	
  and	
  at	
  31	
  December	
  2013	
  were	
  still	
  preparing	
  the	
  
action	
  plan	
  for	
  active	
  job	
  seeking	
  work.	
  Accordingly,	
  none	
  had	
  yet	
  been	
  integrated	
  into	
  employment.	
  
MAIN	
  COUNTRIES	
  OF	
  
ORIGIN	
  	
  
Edition	
  3	
  -­‐	
  Group	
  4	
  
%	
  
National	
   20%	
  
Migrant	
   80%	
  
Latin	
  
Ecuador	
  
36%	
  
16%	
  
Sub-­‐Saharan	
  
Nigeria	
  
24%	
  
16%	
  
Eastern	
  Europe	
  
Bulgaria	
  
Russia	
  
Romania	
  
16%	
  
8%	
  
4%	
  
4%	
  
Morocco	
   4%	
  
DOCUMENTATION	
  
Edition	
  3	
  -­‐	
  Group	
  4	
   %	
  
Official	
  Spanish	
  ID	
   20%	
  
Community	
  (residence)	
   8%	
  
Community	
  (residence	
  and	
  
work)	
   72%	
  
AGE	
  GROUPS	
  
Edition	
  3	
  -­‐	
  Group	
  4	
   %	
  
Under	
  25	
  years	
   0%	
  
25-­‐35	
  years	
   36%	
  
36-­‐45	
  years	
  	
   56%	
  
46	
  -­‐65	
  years	
   8%	
  
LEVEL	
  OF	
  STUDIES	
  
Edition	
  3	
  -­‐	
  Group	
  4	
   %	
  
Unschooled	
   8%	
  
Primary	
  	
   28%	
  
Secondary	
   48%	
  
University	
  	
   4%	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
33	
  
	
  
	
  
OVERALL	
   RESULTS	
   OF	
   INTEGRATION	
   INTO	
   EMPLOYMENT	
   THROUGH	
   THE	
   DIR	
  
PROGRAMME	
  IN	
  2013	
  
	
  
Edition	
  2	
  of	
  the	
  DIR	
  programme	
  (G2	
  and	
  G3)	
  achieved	
  31	
  cases	
  of	
  integration	
  into	
  employment,	
  with	
  24	
  
women	
   obtaining	
   a	
   total	
   of	
   31	
   contracts.	
   In	
   this	
   edition,	
   11	
  women	
   also	
   found	
  work	
   in	
   the	
   informal	
  
employment	
  market.	
  
	
  
At	
   31	
   December	
   2013,	
   DIR	
   Edition	
   3	
   (Annex	
   1)	
   Group	
   4	
   had	
   achieved	
   13	
   cases	
   of	
   integration	
   into	
  
employment	
  involving	
  13	
  women	
  (52%),	
  with	
  14	
  contracts	
  (one	
  woman	
  received	
  two	
  contracts).	
  In	
  this	
  
edition,	
   9	
  women	
   also	
   found	
  work	
   in	
   the	
   informal	
   employment	
  market.	
  More	
   contracts	
   and	
   cases	
   of	
  
integration	
  into	
  employment	
  may	
  occur	
  before	
  this	
  edition	
  ends	
  in	
  March	
  2014.	
  
	
  
In	
  DIR	
  edition	
  4	
  (Annex	
  2)	
  Group	
  5,	
  there	
  have	
  as	
  yet	
  been	
  no	
  cases	
  of	
  integration	
  into	
  employment,	
  as	
  
the	
  programme	
  ends	
  on	
  August	
  2014.	
  
	
  
In	
  all,	
  37	
  women	
  found	
  work,	
  with	
  45	
  labour	
  contracts	
  (24	
  women	
  in	
  Edition	
  2	
  and	
  13	
  in	
  Edition	
  3)	
  and	
  
20	
  women	
  found	
  work	
   in	
   the	
   informal	
  employment	
  market.	
   It	
   should	
  be	
  noted	
  that	
   the	
  same	
  woman	
  
may	
  have	
  worked	
  in	
  both	
  the	
  formal	
  and	
  informal	
  employment	
  markets.	
  
	
  
This	
  programme	
  is	
  included	
  in	
  the	
  strategic	
  line	
  for	
  the	
  re-­‐employment	
  of	
  women	
  who	
  wish	
  to	
  give	
  up	
  
prostitution	
  voluntarily	
  and	
  embark	
  on	
  a	
  professional	
  project.	
  The	
  programme	
  is	
  implemented	
  with	
  the	
  
framework	
  of	
  a	
  cooperation	
  agreement	
  with	
  the	
  Surt	
  Private	
  Foundation	
  for	
  Women.	
  	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
5.2.	
  ITI	
  Personal	
  advisory	
  itinerary	
  for	
  the	
  employment	
  of	
  women	
  who	
  have	
  
been	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  
	
  
This	
  programme	
  is	
  aimed	
  at	
  women	
  who	
  have	
  been	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  and	
  have	
  been	
  linked	
  to	
  the	
  
formal	
   employment	
   market	
   during	
   the	
   last	
   two	
   years.	
   The	
   programme	
   fosters	
   employability	
   and	
  
maintenance	
  in	
  the	
  employment	
  market	
  by	
  improving	
  skills	
  and	
  reducing	
  the	
  impact	
  of	
  the	
  recession	
  on	
  
professional	
  projects.	
  
	
  
The	
   itinerary	
  was	
  provided	
  for	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  23	
  women,	
  divided	
   into	
  two	
  groups:	
   the	
  first	
  group	
  (G1)	
  was	
  
formed	
   by	
   11	
   women	
   who	
   had	
   recently	
   joined	
   the	
   ITI	
   programme,	
   referred	
   by	
   the	
   network	
   of	
  
organisations,	
  whilst	
   the	
  second	
   (G2)	
  was	
   formed	
  by	
  a	
   total	
  of	
  12	
  women,	
  9	
  of	
  whom	
  came	
   from	
  the	
  
2012-­‐2013	
  DIR	
  programme	
  and	
  3	
  from	
  previous	
  editions	
  of	
  the	
  DIR	
  programme.	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
34	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
Data	
  from	
  the	
  G1	
  +	
  G2	
  profile	
  
	
  
Of	
  the	
  total	
  number	
  of	
  women	
   in	
  groups	
  G1	
  and	
  G2	
  (23	
  women),	
  78.27%	
  (18	
  women)	
  were	
  migrants,	
  
mostly	
   of	
   Latin	
   American	
   origin	
   (44.44%)	
   and	
   mainly	
   from	
   Colombia	
   and	
   Ecuador.	
   The	
   next	
   largest	
  
groups	
  were	
  women	
  from	
  Nigeria	
  (33.33%)	
  and	
  the	
  Eastern	
  European	
  countries	
  (22.22%).	
  The	
  remaining	
  
21.74%	
  (five	
  women)	
  were	
  Spanish	
  nationals.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
47.83%	
  of	
  the	
  participants	
  had	
  completed	
  secondary	
  studies,	
  39.13%	
  primary	
  studies	
  and	
  13.04%	
  higher	
  
studies	
  (one	
  Spanish	
  national	
  had	
  a	
  university	
  degree	
  and	
  two	
  migrant	
  women	
  had	
  university	
  diplomas	
  
from	
  their	
  countries	
  of	
  origin).	
  
	
  
65.22%	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  had	
  children,	
  living	
  with	
  them	
  in	
  80%	
  of	
  cases	
  and	
  with	
  relatives	
  in	
  the	
  country	
  of	
  
origin	
  in	
  the	
  remaining	
  20%.	
  Women	
  without	
  family	
  members	
  under	
  their	
  charge	
  accounted	
  for	
  34.78%	
  
of	
  the	
  total.	
  
	
  
65.22%	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  taking	
  part	
  in	
  the	
  ITI	
  programme	
  were	
  unemployed,	
  whilst	
  34.78%	
  were	
  working	
  
at	
  the	
  time	
  of	
  joining	
  the	
  programme.	
  17.40%	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  (four)	
  received	
  some	
  kind	
  of	
  benefit	
  during	
  
the	
  months	
  that	
  they	
  were	
  following	
  the	
  programme.	
  	
  
	
  
The	
  main	
  factors	
  of	
  vulnerability	
  were:	
  coverage	
  of	
  basic	
  needs	
  such	
  as	
  food,	
  clothes,	
  etc.	
  (73.91%),	
  lack	
  
of	
  Spanish	
  language	
  skills	
  (60.87%),	
  need	
  for	
  legal	
  advice	
  (56.52%),	
  housing	
  instability	
  (39.13%)	
  and	
  lack	
  
of	
  technical	
  skills	
  to	
  achieve	
  employment	
  goals	
  (34.78%).	
  
ITI	
  GROUPS	
  2012-­‐2013	
  
Number	
  of	
  
women	
  
participating	
  
G1	
  Women	
  newly	
  arrived	
   11	
  
G2	
  Women	
  from	
  DIR	
  	
   12	
  
2012-­‐2013	
  Edition	
  	
   9	
  
Previous	
  editions	
   3	
  
	
   	
  TOTAL	
  WOMEN	
  (G1	
  and	
  G2)	
   23	
  
AGE	
  GROUPS	
  
	
  
Total	
  (G1	
  +	
  G2)	
  
%	
  
2012	
  
Total	
  (G1	
  +	
  G2)	
  
%	
  
2013	
  
Under	
  25	
  years	
   0%	
   0%	
  
26-­‐35	
  years	
   47.83%	
   48%	
  
36-­‐45	
  years	
  	
   21.74%	
   28%	
  
46-­‐65	
  years	
   17.39%	
   24%	
  
Over	
  55	
  years	
   13.04%	
   0%	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
35	
  
	
  
	
  
Actions	
  implemented	
  
	
  
According	
  to	
  the	
  needs	
  and	
  potential	
  of	
  each	
  woman,	
  both	
  group	
  and	
  individual	
  work	
  was	
  conducted	
  on	
  
the	
  content	
  of	
  all	
  actions:	
  
	
  
-­‐ Change	
   processes	
   to	
   be	
   implemented	
   during	
   the	
   course	
   of	
   the	
   itinerary	
   (expectations,	
   real	
  
possibilities	
  of	
  the	
  project,	
  tutorial	
  relation).	
  
-­‐ Approach	
   to	
   the	
   different	
   spheres	
   of	
   life:	
   health,	
   personal	
   space,	
   relationships,	
   training	
   and	
  
work	
  (cornerstone),	
  challenges	
  and	
  proposals	
  for	
  improvement.	
  
-­‐ Definition	
   and	
   implementation	
  of	
   the	
  professional	
   project:	
   approximation	
   to	
   the	
   employment	
  
market	
  and	
  the	
  economic	
  context,	
  analysis	
  of	
  employability,	
  comparison	
  of	
  skills	
  profile	
  with	
  the	
  
requirements	
  of	
  the	
  job	
  chosen,	
  establishment	
  of	
  an	
  action	
  plan	
  to	
  achieve	
  the	
  challenges	
  set,	
  
implementation	
  of	
  the	
  professional	
  project.	
  
-­‐ Guidance	
   for	
   training,	
   job	
   seeking	
   skills,	
   active	
   job	
   searching,	
   actions	
   linked	
   to	
   the	
   women’s	
  
needs	
  in	
  life	
  (legal	
  advice,	
  duty	
  of	
  care).	
  
-­‐ Technical	
   training	
  with	
  work	
  practice:	
   two	
  women	
  completed	
  work	
  practice	
  as	
  chambermaids,	
  
five	
  as	
  kitchen	
  assistants	
  and	
  one	
  as	
  a	
  sales	
  assistant.	
  
-­‐ Instrumental	
  training:	
  literacy	
  and	
  basic	
  computer	
  skills,	
  Language	
  Normalisation	
  Centre.	
  
	
  
Integration	
  into	
  training	
  
	
  
There	
   were	
   a	
   total	
   of	
   39	
   cases	
   of	
   integration	
   into	
   training,	
   20	
   internal	
   to	
   the	
   organisation	
   and	
   19	
  
external:	
  
	
  
-­‐ 20	
  cases	
  of	
  internal	
  integration	
  into	
  training:	
  
-­‐ 14	
  women	
  in	
  the	
  field	
  of	
  computer	
  studies:	
  3	
  in	
  computer	
  literacy,	
  4	
  in	
  basic	
  computer	
  
skills	
  and	
  7	
  linked	
  to	
  job	
  seeking.	
  
-­‐ 4	
  women	
  in	
  the	
  work	
  of	
  a	
  kitchen	
  assistant.	
  
-­‐ 1	
  woman	
  in	
  the	
  work	
  of	
  a	
  chambermaid.	
  
-­‐ 1	
  woman	
  in	
  the	
  work	
  of	
  a	
  sales	
  assistant.	
  
	
  
-­‐ 19	
  cases	
  of	
  external	
  integration	
  into	
  training:	
  
-­‐ 2	
  women	
  in	
  the	
  field	
  of	
  computer	
  studies.	
  	
  
-­‐ 7	
  women	
  in	
  languages:	
  4	
  in	
  Catalan	
  and	
  3	
  in	
  English.	
  
-­‐ 8	
  women	
  in	
  food	
  handling.	
  
-­‐ 1	
  woman	
  in	
  higher	
  training	
  (CFGS)	
  in	
  image	
  diagnosis.	
  	
  
-­‐ 1	
  woman	
  in	
  the	
  work	
  of	
  a	
  chambermaid.	
  
Integration	
  into	
  employment	
  
	
  
Seventeen	
   women	
   were	
   integrated	
   into	
   employment,	
   with	
   twenty-­‐seven	
   contracts	
   in	
   the	
   hotel,	
  
cleaning,	
   sales,	
   kitchen	
   assistant,	
   domestic	
   service	
   and	
   assistant	
   librarian	
   trades.	
   Moreover,	
   eight	
  
women	
  found	
  work	
  in	
  the	
  informal	
  employment	
  market.	
  It	
  happens	
  that	
  one	
  woman	
  found	
  work	
  in	
  both	
  
the	
  formal	
  and	
  informal	
  employment	
  markets.	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
36	
  
	
  
	
  
Work	
  practice	
  at	
  companies	
  and	
  integration	
  into	
  employment	
  
	
  
Online	
  technical	
  training	
  related	
  to	
  obtaining	
  food	
  handling	
  certificates	
  was	
  provided	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  enable	
  
the	
  women	
  to	
  meet	
  different	
  profiles	
  that	
  require	
  this	
  qualification,	
  such	
  as	
  the	
  jobs	
  of	
  kitchen	
  assistant,	
  
product	
  promoter	
  and	
  waitress.	
  	
  
	
  
Work	
  practice	
  processes	
  help	
  participants	
  to	
  develop	
  technical	
  and	
  transversal	
  skills	
  (situation	
  in	
  the	
  real	
  
work	
   setting)	
   and	
   to	
   improve	
   their	
   technical	
   profiles,	
   accrediting	
   skills.	
   Moreover,	
   this	
   activity	
   also	
  
enables	
   participants	
   to	
   come	
   into	
   direct	
   contact	
   with	
   companies	
   as	
   a	
   gateway	
   to	
   integration	
   Into	
  
employment.	
  
	
  
WORK	
  PRACTICE	
   WOMEN	
  	
  PARTICIPATING	
   INSERTIONS	
  	
  
Kitchen	
  assistant	
   5	
   1	
  kitchen	
  assistant	
  1	
  cleaner	
  
Chambermaid	
   2	
   1	
  person	
  integrated10	
  
Sales	
  manager	
   1	
   0	
  people	
  integrated	
  
	
  
	
  
This	
  programme	
  is	
  included	
  in	
  the	
  strategic	
  line	
  for	
  the	
  re-­‐employment	
  of	
  women	
  who	
  wish	
  to	
  give	
  up	
  
prostitution	
  voluntarily	
  and	
  to	
  embark	
  on	
  a	
  professional	
  project.	
  In	
  this	
  case,	
  a	
  cooperation	
  agreement	
  
with	
  the	
  Surt	
  Private	
  Foundation	
  for	
  Women	
  was	
  established.	
  	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
5.3.	
  ACCIÓ	
  Programme	
  of	
  comprehensive	
  intervention	
  for	
  transsexual	
  people	
  
linked	
  to	
  prostitution	
  milieus	
  in	
  the	
  city	
  of	
  Barcelona	
  
	
  
The	
  ACCIÓ	
  (“ACTION”)	
  programme	
  is	
  aimed	
  at	
  transsexual	
  people	
  who	
  are	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  and	
  
have	
  a	
  clear	
  motivation	
  to	
  join	
  the	
  formal	
  employment	
  market,	
  have	
  regularised	
  documentation	
  in	
  the	
  
case	
  of	
  migrants	
  and	
  have	
  a	
  personal	
  situation	
  and	
  a	
  minimum	
  level	
  of	
  Spanish/Catalan	
  language	
  skills	
  
that	
  enable	
  them	
  to	
  follow	
  a	
  training	
  process.	
  
	
  
The	
   programme	
   pursues	
   the	
   objective	
   of	
   developing	
   personal	
   itineraries	
   for	
   social	
   and	
   employment	
  
integration,	
   taking	
   into	
   account	
   the	
   specific	
   experiences	
   of	
   transsexual	
   people,	
   and	
   of	
   addressing	
  
instances	
   of	
   discrimination	
   suffered	
   and	
   experienced,	
   as	
   well	
   as	
   the	
   reluctance	
   of	
   companies	
   and	
  
possible	
  employers.	
  The	
  programme	
  focuses	
  on	
  training	
  and	
  empowering	
  individuals,	
  as	
  well	
  as	
  on	
  the	
  
world	
  of	
  business,	
  promoting	
  inclusion	
  and	
  non-­‐discrimination.	
  	
  
	
  
The	
   programme	
   was	
   launched	
   on	
   1	
   January	
   2012	
   within	
   the	
   framework	
   of	
   the	
   new	
   government	
  
measure	
  and	
  ended	
  on	
  30	
  April	
  2013.	
  A	
  second	
  edition	
  has	
  now	
  been	
  launched	
  and	
  will	
  run	
  from	
  1	
  July	
  
2013	
  to	
  30	
  June	
  2014.	
  	
  
	
  
The	
  data	
  collected	
  in	
  this	
  report	
  correspond	
  to	
  the	
  second	
  edition,	
  up	
  to	
  31	
  December	
  2013.	
  
	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
10	
  One	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  left	
  the	
  job	
  due	
  to	
  personal	
  difficulties	
  and	
  the	
  integration	
  experience	
  therefore	
  lasted	
  less	
  than	
  a	
  month.	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
37	
  
	
  
	
  
Sociodemographic	
  profile	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  participating	
  
	
  
A	
   total	
   of	
   31	
   women	
   took	
   part,	
   26	
   of	
   them	
   for	
   the	
   first	
   time	
   and	
   5	
   from	
   the	
   first	
   edition	
   of	
   the	
  
programme.	
  	
  
	
  
50%	
  of	
   the	
   participants	
   received	
   no	
   kind	
   of	
   benefit,	
   20%	
   the	
  minimum	
   income	
   for	
   integration	
   (RMI),	
  
20%	
  non-­‐contributory	
  pensions	
  and	
  10%	
  benefits	
  from	
  the	
  Employment	
  Service	
  of	
  Catalonia	
  (SOC).	
  	
  
	
  
48.38%	
   had	
   completed	
   primary	
   education,	
   48.38%	
   had	
   completed	
   secondary	
   education	
   and	
   the	
  
remaining	
  3.22%	
  had	
  completed	
  university	
  studies.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
NATIONALITY	
   %	
  
Spanish	
   45	
  
Latin	
  America	
   48	
  
Ecuador	
   20	
  
Colombia	
   16	
  
Brazil	
   3	
  
Panama	
   3	
  
Uruguay	
   3	
  
Morocco	
   7	
  
	
  
Personal	
  itineraries	
  
	
  
The	
  31	
  women	
  selected	
  followed	
  three	
  itineraries	
  according	
  to	
  their	
  specific	
  needs:	
  	
  
-­‐	
   21	
   (67.74%)	
   followed	
   a	
   training	
   itinerary	
   focused	
   on	
   vocational	
   training	
   and	
   mentoring	
  
processes	
  with	
  the	
  work	
  practice	
  derived	
  from	
  these	
  processes.	
  	
  
-­‐	
  5	
  (16.13%)	
  followed	
  an	
  itinerary	
  in	
  which	
  work	
  mainly	
  focused	
  on	
  integration,	
  whilst	
  training	
  
and	
  mentoring	
  were	
  also	
  provided.	
  	
  
-­‐	
  5	
  (16.13%)	
  followed	
  social	
   itineraries	
  that	
   involved	
  completing	
   in-­‐depth	
  work	
  (personal	
  development	
  
and	
  empowerment)	
  before	
  they	
  could	
  access	
  any	
  kind	
  of	
  training	
  or	
  integration	
  activity.	
  
	
  
In	
  all,	
  15	
  people	
  took	
  part	
   in	
  the	
  vocational	
  training	
  activities	
  (the	
  same	
  woman	
  could	
  take	
  more	
  than	
  
one	
  course).	
  
	
  
Of	
  the	
  12	
  people	
  who	
  enrolled	
   in	
  the	
  bar	
  waitress	
  course,	
  11	
  completed	
  their	
   training	
  and	
  8	
  (66.66%)	
  
successfully	
  achieved	
  the	
  skills	
  needed	
  to	
  work	
  in	
  the	
  sector.	
  	
  
	
  
Fifteen	
   participants	
   were	
   selected	
   for	
   the	
   chambermaid	
   course,	
   some	
   of	
   them	
   coming	
   from	
   the	
   bar	
  
waitress	
  course.	
  Of	
  these	
  15	
  persons,	
  12	
  (80%)	
  successfully	
  completed	
  the	
  training	
  process.	
  
	
  
	
  The	
   module	
   on	
   training	
   in	
   social	
   and	
   employment	
   skills	
   was	
   aimed	
   at	
   those	
   participants	
   with	
  
shortcomings	
   in	
   transversal	
   skills	
   that	
  made	
   the	
   integration	
  process	
  more	
  difficult.	
   Seven	
  people	
   took	
  
part	
  in	
  this	
  module,	
  and	
  all	
  completed	
  it	
  successfully.	
  
	
  
AGE	
  GROUPS	
   %	
  
Under	
  25	
  years	
   -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐	
  
26-­‐35	
  years	
   22.58	
  
36-­‐45	
  years	
  	
   35.48	
  
46-­‐55	
  years	
   32.26	
  
Over	
  56	
  years	
   9.68	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
38	
  
	
  
	
  
Besides	
  training	
  actions,	
  the	
  programme	
  also	
  included	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  eight	
  transversal	
  activities	
  to	
  work	
  on	
  
personal	
   empowerment	
   and	
  ways	
   of	
   approaching	
   the	
   employment	
  market.	
   The	
  women	
   took	
   part	
   in	
  
several	
   awareness-­‐raising	
   activities	
   focused	
  on	
   violence	
   against	
  women	
  and	
   gender	
   violence,	
   talks	
   on	
  
transphobic	
  attacks	
  (given	
  by	
  the	
  Catalan	
  Police),	
  educational	
  trips	
  and	
  visits	
  to	
  companies	
  and	
  training	
  
and	
  leisure	
  centres	
  (Ciutadella	
  Park,	
  the	
  gazebo	
  dedicated	
  to	
  the	
  transsexual	
  Sònia).	
  There	
  were	
  a	
  total	
  
of	
  99	
  participations	
  by	
  58	
  different	
  people.	
  
	
  
Work	
   practice	
   was	
   offered	
   at	
   companies	
   related	
   to	
   the	
   technical	
   and	
   professional	
   training	
   provided.	
  
Four	
  of	
  the	
  people	
  proposed	
  to	
  companies	
  completed	
  work	
  practice	
  (six	
  work	
  practice	
  contracts	
  were	
  
signed,	
   as	
   one	
   woman	
   completed	
   two	
   itineraries;	
   this	
   woman	
   and	
   one	
   other	
   completed	
   the	
   work	
  
practice	
  successfully).	
  	
  
	
  
Interventions	
  in	
  the	
  business	
  system	
  
	
  
Contacts	
  were	
  established	
  with	
  13	
  companies,	
  all	
  of	
  which	
  were	
  receptive	
  to	
  future	
  cooperation	
  (visits	
  
to	
  their	
  facilities,	
  taking	
  on	
  students	
  for	
  work	
  practice,	
  training	
  sessions	
  or	
  possible	
  recruitments).	
  Joint	
  
actions	
  were	
  carried	
  out	
  with	
  many	
  of	
  these	
  companies,	
  such	
  as	
  the	
  placement	
  of	
  students	
  for	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  
six	
  work	
  practice	
  experiences,	
  informative	
  talks	
  and	
  introductory	
  visits	
  to	
  the	
  world	
  of	
  employment.	
  
	
  
Integration	
  into	
  employment	
  
	
  
As	
  regards	
  the	
  second	
  edition	
  of	
  the	
  programme	
  (which	
  ends	
  on	
  30	
  June	
  2014),	
  at	
  31	
  December	
  2013	
  
one	
  woman	
  had	
   achieved	
   integration	
   into	
   the	
  hairdressing	
   sector	
  with	
   a	
   substitution	
   contract	
   due	
   to	
  
maternity	
  leave.	
  It	
  is	
  hoped	
  that	
  more	
  cases	
  of	
  integration	
  into	
  employment	
  may	
  occur	
  over	
  the	
  course	
  
of	
  2014.11	
  
	
  
At	
   the	
   same	
   time,	
   work	
   with	
   all	
   participants	
   also	
   focused	
   on	
   improving	
   their	
   communication	
   and	
  
language	
   skills,	
   as	
   well	
   as	
   their	
   personal	
   responsibility	
   for	
   taking	
   care	
   of	
   their	
   health.	
   Given	
   the	
  
importance	
  of	
  health	
  issues	
  to	
  this	
  group,	
  links	
  are	
  maintained	
  with	
  the	
  Catsalut	
  Transit	
  Service,	
  which	
  
provides	
   free	
   health	
   information	
   and	
   advice	
   to	
   transsexual	
   people.	
   A	
   total	
   of	
   eight	
   users	
   (26%)	
   have	
  
been	
  referred	
  to	
  this	
  service.	
  	
  
	
  
This	
   programme	
   is	
   implemented	
   under	
   the	
   municipal	
   strategic	
   line	
   for	
   the	
   re-­‐employment	
   of	
  
transsexual	
  women	
  who	
  wish	
  to	
  give	
  up	
  prostitution	
  voluntarily	
  and	
  embark	
  on	
  their	
  own	
  professional	
  
projects.	
  In	
  this	
  case,	
  Barcelona	
  City	
  Council	
  established	
  a	
  cooperation	
  agreement	
  with	
  the	
  APIP-­‐ACAM	
  
(Association	
  for	
  Professional	
  Promotion	
  and	
  Integration)	
  Foundation.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
11	
  During	
  the	
  closing	
  stage	
  of	
  the	
  first	
  edition	
  of	
  the	
  programme,	
  from	
  1	
  January	
  to	
  30	
  April	
  2013,	
  six	
  people	
  were	
  integrated	
  
into	
  the	
  formal	
  employment	
  market,	
  with	
  eight	
  contracts.	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
39	
  
	
  
	
  
5.4.	
  Training,	
  employment	
  and	
  social	
  integration	
  programme	
  with	
  training	
  and	
  
employment	
  itineraries	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
	
  
The	
   objective	
   of	
   the	
   social	
   and	
   employment	
   training	
   programme	
   is	
   to	
   improve	
   the	
   quality	
   of	
   life	
   of	
  
people	
   engaged	
   in	
   prostitution	
   by	
   providing	
   customised	
   training	
   and	
   employment	
   integration	
  
itineraries.	
   An	
   important	
   characteristic	
   of	
   the	
   programme	
   is	
   its	
   flexibility	
   and	
   ability	
   to	
   adapt	
   to	
   the	
  
changing	
   needs	
   of	
  women,	
   and	
   to	
   accept	
   their	
   inclusion	
   at	
   any	
   time	
   during	
   the	
   year.	
  Moreover,	
   the	
  
initiative	
  is	
  linked	
  to	
  benefits,	
  enabling	
  participation	
  in	
  the	
  activity	
  to	
  be	
  monitored.	
  The	
  training	
  process	
  
for	
   each	
   woman	
   may	
   be	
   longer	
   or	
   shorter	
   depending	
   on	
   their	
   knowledge	
   and	
   experience	
   prior	
   to	
  
entering	
  the	
  programme.	
  A	
  recently	
  arrived	
  migrant	
  woman	
  needs	
  a	
  minimum	
  period	
  of	
   two	
  years	
   to	
  
complete	
  the	
  process.	
  
	
  
In	
  2013,	
  220	
  women	
  received	
  this	
  assistance,	
  embarking	
  on	
  training	
  itineraries	
  (180)	
  and/or	
  integration	
  
into	
  employment	
  itineraries	
  (82).	
  
	
  
Sociodemographic	
  profile	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  assisted	
  
	
  
By	
   nationality,	
   amongst	
   the	
   220	
   women	
   who	
   received	
   assistance,	
   the	
   largest	
   group	
   were	
   those	
   of	
  
Nigerian	
   origin	
   (75%,	
   compared	
   to	
   70%	
   in	
   2012),	
   followed	
  by	
   those	
   of	
   Romanian	
  origin	
   (11.8%)	
   Latin	
  
women	
  (7.72%),	
  women	
  of	
  Moroccan	
  origin	
  (3.18%)	
  and	
  Spanish	
  nationals	
  (2.27%).	
  
	
  
Training	
  activities	
  	
  
	
  
El	
  2013,	
  180	
  women	
  took	
  part	
   in	
  different	
   training	
   itineraries	
  and	
  activities,	
  a	
  41.73%	
   increase	
  on	
   the	
  
previous	
  year.	
  	
  
	
  
TRAINING	
  ACTIVITY	
  	
  
(one	
  single	
  woman	
  may	
  have	
  
attended	
  more	
  than	
  one	
  workshop)	
  
2012	
   2012	
   2013	
   2013	
  
WOMEN	
   Number	
  of	
  workshops	
   WOMEN	
  
Number	
  of	
  
workshops	
  
Spanish	
  and	
  Catalan	
  classes12	
   68	
  women	
  	
  different	
  levels	
   	
  
100	
  women	
  
different	
  levels	
   	
  
Workshops	
  on	
  domestic	
  
service	
  and	
  caring	
  for	
  elderly	
  
people13	
  
20	
  women	
   2	
  workshops	
   19	
  women	
   2	
  courses	
  (70	
  +	
  90	
  hrs)	
  
Chambermaid	
  course14	
  
(School	
  of	
  Tourism)	
   15	
  women	
   1	
  course	
   14	
  women	
  
1	
  course	
  
(177	
  hrs)	
  
Employment	
  guidance	
  
workshops	
  	
   11	
  women	
   8	
  workshops	
   28	
  women	
  
11	
  sessions	
  
5	
  workshops	
  
Workshops	
  on	
  domestic	
  
economy	
  	
   25	
  women	
   2	
  workshops	
   10	
  women	
   1	
  workshop	
  
Workshops	
  on	
  basic	
  health	
  
and	
  child	
  nutrition	
  	
   16	
  women	
   2	
  workshops	
   4	
  women	
   3	
  workshops	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
12	
   The	
   introductory	
   workshops	
   were	
   included	
   in	
   the	
   Spanish	
   classes.	
   Four	
   such	
  workshops	
   were	
   organised,	
   for	
   twenty-­‐two	
  
women.	
  Some	
  of	
   the	
   language	
   learning	
  sessions	
  were	
  also	
  devoted	
   to	
  coaching	
   for	
   job	
   interviews,	
   in	
  which	
  six	
  women	
  took	
  
part.	
  	
  
13	
  In	
  2013,	
  this	
  data	
  was	
  broken	
  down	
  into	
  a	
  course	
  for	
  caring	
  for	
  elderly	
  people,	
  cleaning,	
  cooking	
  and	
  ironing,	
  and	
  a	
  course	
  in	
  
cooking	
  for	
  elderly	
  people.	
  	
  
14	
  	
  This	
  course,	
  given	
  by	
  the	
  School	
  of	
  Tourism,	
  had	
  a	
  70%	
  success	
  rate	
  in	
  women	
  integrated	
  into	
  employment	
  over	
  the	
  year.	
  It	
  
should	
  be	
  noted	
  that	
  the	
  course	
  is	
  taken	
  by	
  users	
  with	
  higher	
  levels	
  of	
  pre-­‐employment	
  training	
  and	
  language	
  skills.	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
40	
  
	
  
	
  
With	
  regard	
  to	
  variations	
  in	
  the	
  data,	
  it	
  should	
  be	
  noted	
  that	
  the	
  programme	
  made	
  a	
  larger	
  investment	
  
in	
  providing	
  pre-­‐employment	
  training	
  for	
  the	
  women	
  who	
  received	
  assistance,	
  increasing	
  the	
  number	
  of	
  
sessions	
   in	
   such	
  subjects	
  as	
   languages	
   (Spanish	
  and	
  Catalan)	
  and	
   the	
  differentiating	
   features	
  between	
  
the	
  different	
  cultures	
   in	
  order	
   to	
  establish	
   the	
  best	
  possible	
  conditions	
   for	
  participants	
   to	
  successfully	
  
start	
  out	
  on	
  a	
  training	
  and	
  employment	
  integration	
  itinerary.	
  This	
   led	
  to	
  more	
  efficient	
  use	
  of	
  external	
  
training	
   facilities	
   and	
   an	
   increase	
   in	
   referrals	
   to	
   other	
   training	
   resources	
   during	
   the	
   second	
   semester	
  
(three	
  women	
  to	
  the	
  APIP	
  Foundation,	
  two	
  to	
  the	
  School	
  of	
  Tourism	
  and	
  three	
  to	
  IMPULSEM).	
  
	
  
In	
   2013,	
   other	
   training	
   activities	
   organised	
   included	
   three	
   introductory	
   sessions	
   to	
   the	
   world	
   of	
  
schooling	
  (twenty-­‐three	
  women),	
  one	
  workshop	
  on	
  legal	
  issues	
  (seven	
  women),	
  one	
  session	
  discussing	
  
Catalonia	
   and	
  Nigeria	
   (five	
  women)	
   and	
   one	
  workshop	
   devoted	
   to	
   actively	
   seeking	
  work	
   in	
   domestic	
  
service	
  (six	
  women).	
  
	
  
Referrals	
  from	
  the	
  training	
  itinerary	
  to	
  external	
  resources	
  	
  
	
  
Referrals	
   were	
   made	
   to	
   external	
   resources,	
   but	
   educational	
   monitoring	
   was	
   maintained	
   in	
   order	
   to	
  
provide	
  the	
  women	
  with	
  support	
  and	
  ensure	
  that	
  the	
  objectives	
  established	
  were	
  successfully	
  achieved:	
  	
  
	
  
TRAINING	
  RESOURCE	
  
(the	
  same	
  woman	
  may	
  have	
  taken	
  more	
  than	
  one	
  course	
  or	
  workshop)	
  
2012	
   2013	
  
Number	
  of	
  
women	
  
Number	
  of	
  
women	
  
ITI	
  and	
  DIR-­‐TS	
  (ABITS	
  Agency	
  training	
  itineraries)	
   	
   12	
   6	
  
“Dona	
  Impuls”-­‐Barcelona	
  Activa	
  (ABITS)	
   -­‐-­‐-­‐	
   8	
  
Courses	
  in	
  working	
  as	
  a	
  chambermaid,	
  laundry	
  and	
  ironing	
  
(APIP)	
   6	
   3	
  
Rehabilitation	
  and	
  cleaning	
  of	
  apartments	
  (Impulsem)	
   -­‐-­‐-­‐	
   3	
  
Sales	
  and	
  restocking	
  assistant	
  (School	
  of	
  Tourism)	
  	
   -­‐-­‐-­‐	
   2	
  
Course	
  in	
  caring	
  for	
  dependent	
  people	
  (Migraestudio)	
   4	
   2	
  
Catalan	
  and/or	
  Spanish	
  language	
  course	
   -­‐-­‐-­‐	
   25	
  
Digital	
  literacy	
  	
   -­‐-­‐-­‐	
   2	
  
Sexual	
  health,	
  basic	
  health	
  and	
  nutrition	
  (Doctors	
  of	
  the	
  
World)	
   -­‐-­‐-­‐	
   30	
  
Workshop	
  on	
  health	
  diagnosis	
  (Tot	
  Raval)	
   -­‐-­‐-­‐	
   6	
  
Talk	
  on	
  World	
  Health	
  Day	
  (HIV)	
  UMTSI	
   -­‐-­‐-­‐	
   6	
  
Kitchen	
  assistant	
  course	
  	
   	
   3	
   -­‐-­‐-­‐	
  
Bar	
  staff	
  assistant	
  course	
   3	
   -­‐-­‐-­‐	
  
Social	
  and	
  health	
  care	
  course	
  	
   	
   2	
   -­‐-­‐-­‐	
  
TOTAL	
  (the	
  same	
  woman	
  may	
  have	
  completed	
  more	
  than	
  one	
  
course)	
   30	
   93	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
41	
  
	
  
	
  
Cases	
  of	
  integration	
  into	
  employment	
  
	
  
A	
  survey	
  of	
  companies	
  was	
  carried	
  out	
  that	
  resulted	
  in	
  17	
  women	
  being	
  given	
  jobs.	
  The	
  recession	
  and	
  
the	
   economic	
   situation	
   have	
   caused	
   a	
   reduction	
   in	
   the	
   number	
   of	
  women	
   employed	
   to	
   take	
   care	
   of	
  
dependent	
  persons	
  in	
  private	
  homes.	
  Most	
  of	
  the	
  contracts	
  were	
  part-­‐time	
  and	
  temporary.	
  Moreover,	
  
12	
  women	
  found	
  work	
  in	
  the	
  informal	
  employment	
  market.	
  It	
  so	
  happened	
  that	
  one	
  woman	
  worked	
  in	
  
both	
  the	
  formal	
  and	
  informal	
  employment	
  markets.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  	
  
	
  
	
  
Under	
  the	
  line	
  established	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  to	
  provide	
  social	
  and	
  employment	
  training	
  to	
   improve	
  
the	
   quality	
   of	
   life	
   of	
   women	
   who	
   wish	
   to	
   give	
   up	
   prostitution,	
   Barcelona	
   City	
   Council	
   established	
   a	
  
cooperation	
   agreement	
   with	
   the	
   congregation	
   of	
   Oblate	
   Sisters	
   of	
   the	
   Holy	
   Redeemer,	
   El	
   Lloc	
   de	
   la	
  
Dona,	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  implement	
  this	
  programme.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
SECTOR	
  	
  
2012	
   2013	
  
Number	
  of	
  
contracts	
  
Number	
  of	
  
contracts	
  
Kitchen	
  assistant	
   0	
  contracts	
   1	
  
Industrial/hotel	
  cleaning	
  	
   26	
   13	
  
Care	
  for	
  elderly	
  people	
   5	
   0	
  contracts	
  
Care	
  for	
  elderly	
  people	
  with	
  domestic	
  service	
   1	
   3	
  
TOTAL	
   32	
   17	
  
ORIGIN	
  OF	
  WOMEN	
  HIRED	
  
2012	
   2013	
  
%	
  	
   %	
  
Sub-­‐Saharan	
  Africa	
   42	
   64.7	
  
Latin	
  America	
   39	
   23.5	
  
Eastern	
  Europe	
  (Romania)	
   16	
   5.8	
  
Morocco	
  	
   3	
   5.8	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
42	
  
	
  
	
  
5.5.	
  The	
  “Dona	
  Impuls”	
  Social	
  and	
  Employment	
  Integration	
  Programme	
  	
  
	
  
The	
   ABITS	
   Agency	
   commissioned	
   Barcelona	
   Activa	
   to	
   draw	
   up	
   a	
   programme	
   aimed	
   at	
   Sub-­‐Saharan	
  
women	
  who	
  were	
  engaged	
  or	
  had	
  been	
  engaged	
   in	
  prostitution	
  and	
   sought	
  employment	
  alternatives	
  
and	
  were	
  available	
  and	
  motivated	
  to	
  undertake	
  a	
  social	
  and	
  employment	
  itinerary.	
  
	
  
The	
   result	
   was	
   a	
   tailor-­‐made	
   programme	
   that	
   gave	
   the	
   women	
   access	
   to	
   training,	
   guidance	
   and	
  
accompaniment	
   resources	
   for	
   integration	
   in	
   a	
   series	
   of	
   phases:	
   introduction	
   to	
   the	
   programme,	
  
professional	
   guidance,	
   acquisition	
   of	
   transversal	
   skills,	
   vocational	
   training	
   and	
   accompaniment	
   for	
  
integration.	
   The	
   programme	
   began	
   in	
   November	
   2012,	
   in	
   the	
   framework	
   of	
   the	
   new	
   government	
  
measure,	
  and	
  ended	
  in	
  July	
  2013.	
  A	
  total	
  of	
  43	
  women	
  took	
  part	
  in	
  the	
  initiative.	
  
Sociodemographic	
  profile	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  provided	
  with	
  assistance	
  
	
  
The	
   programme	
   was	
   aimed	
   at	
   Sub-­‐Saharan	
   women,	
   90.7%	
   of	
   whom	
   were	
   from	
   Nigeria.	
   The	
   four	
  
remaining	
  users	
  were	
  from	
  Equatorial	
  Guinea,	
  Togo,	
  Ghana	
  and	
  Sierra	
  Leone.	
  
	
  
By	
   age,	
   the	
   largest	
   group	
  were	
  women	
   aged	
   26-­‐35	
   years	
   (60.46%),	
   followed	
   by	
   the	
   36-­‐45	
   age	
   group	
  
(25.58%),	
  those	
  aged	
  18-­‐25	
  years	
  (11.62%)	
  and,	
  finally,	
  the	
  46-­‐55	
  age	
  group	
  (2.32%).	
  
	
  
Most	
   of	
   the	
  women	
   (62.79%)	
  were	
   in	
   a	
   regularised	
   administrative	
   situation	
   and	
   53.48%	
  had	
   children	
  
living	
  with	
  them	
  in	
  their	
  charge,	
  generally	
  in	
  single-­‐parent	
  families.	
  	
  
Programme	
  phases	
  
	
  
PHASE	
  1.	
  introduction	
  
Over	
  the	
  first	
   two	
  months	
  of	
   the	
  programme	
  (2012),	
  different	
  organisations	
  referred	
  40	
  women	
  to	
  
the	
   initiative,	
   24	
   of	
  whom	
   (60%)	
   attended	
   the	
   4	
   information	
   sessions	
   that	
  were	
   held.	
   In	
   total,	
   31	
  
women	
  were	
   invited	
  to	
   individual	
   introductory	
   interviews,	
  with	
  an	
  attendance	
  rate	
  of	
  87%.	
  Finally,	
  
27	
  joined	
  the	
  programme	
  in	
  the	
  introductory	
  phase.	
  	
  
	
  
PHASE	
  2.	
  Professional	
  guidance	
  and	
  job	
  seeking	
  techniques	
  	
  
The	
   possibility	
   of	
  more	
  women	
  entering	
   the	
   programme	
   in	
   the	
   other	
   phases	
  was	
   left	
   open	
   and,	
   as	
   a	
  
result,	
  16	
  more	
  users	
  later	
  joined	
  the	
  initiative.	
  
	
  
Twenty-­‐three	
   women	
   took	
   part	
   in	
   five	
   two-­‐hour	
   workshops	
   (there	
   were	
   two	
   editions	
   of	
   each	
  
workshop,	
   one	
   for	
   each	
   group	
   of	
   women)	
   on:	
   self-­‐awareness,	
   CV	
   and	
   letter	
   of	
   introduction,	
   job	
  
search	
  channels,	
  job	
  interview	
  and	
  employment	
  issues.	
  	
  
	
  
After	
   the	
   introductory	
  phase	
  and	
   in	
  a	
  cross-­‐cutting	
  way	
   to	
   the	
   rest	
  of	
   the	
  programme,	
   the	
  women	
  
received	
   individual	
   tutorials	
   in	
   which	
   the	
   Itineraries	
   that	
   were	
   most	
   appropriate	
   for	
   each	
   were	
  
agreed	
  on	
  a	
  one-­‐to-­‐one	
  basis	
  .	
  A	
  total	
  of	
  82	
  guidance	
  tutorials	
  were	
  given,	
  with	
  the	
  participation	
  of	
  
26	
  different	
  women.	
  
	
  
PHASE	
  3.	
  Acquisition	
  of	
  transversal	
  skills	
  
A	
   total	
   of	
   17	
   women	
   were	
   referred	
   to	
   different	
   partner	
   organisations	
   in	
   order	
   to	
   improve	
   their	
  
Spanish	
   language	
   skills.	
   Five	
   of	
   these	
   women	
   also	
   requested	
   and	
   completed	
   Catalan	
   language	
  
training.	
  	
  
	
  
Seventeen	
   women	
   took	
   part	
   in	
   the	
   two	
   modules	
   devoted	
   to	
   digital	
   literacy,	
   whilst	
   18	
   women	
  
attended	
  two	
  yoga	
  modules.	
  
	
  
PHASE	
  4.	
  Training	
  	
  
Two	
  training	
  Itineraries	
  were	
  established	
  to	
  enable	
  users	
  to	
  acquire	
  the	
  technical	
  skills	
  necessary	
  in	
  
the	
  posts	
  of	
  kitchen	
  assistant	
  and	
  chambermaid.	
  	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
43	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
Twenty-­‐six	
  women	
   (60.45%)	
   enrolled	
   for	
   these	
   Itineraries.	
   To	
   enable	
   them	
   to	
   attend	
   this	
   training,	
  
considerable	
  efforts	
  were	
  made	
  to	
  liaise	
  with	
  the	
  referring	
  organisations	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  detect	
  needs	
  and	
  
provide	
  resources	
  for	
  the	
  care	
  of	
  their	
  children	
  (food	
  subsidies,	
  etc.).	
  
	
  
The	
  two	
  Itineraries	
  comprised	
  a	
  first	
  part	
  of	
  200	
  hours	
  devoted	
  to	
  theory	
  and	
  practice	
  and	
  a	
  second	
  
part	
  consisting	
  of	
  75	
  hours’	
  work	
  practice:	
  	
  
-­‐	
  Kitchen	
  assistant	
   itinerary:	
  14	
  women	
  (53.84%)	
  began	
  the	
  training,	
  and	
  4	
  (15.38%)	
  completed	
  the	
  
work	
  practice,	
  whilst	
  5	
  (19.23%)	
  dropped	
  out.	
  	
  
-­‐	
   Work	
   as	
   a	
   chambermaid:	
   12	
   women	
   (46.15%)	
   began	
   the	
   training,	
   6	
   (23%)	
   completed	
   the	
   work	
  
practice	
  and	
  four	
  (15.38%)	
  dropped	
  out.	
  	
  
	
  
	
  
PHASE	
  5.	
  Accompaniment	
  for	
  integration	
  
A	
   group	
   of	
   13	
   women	
   was	
   formed	
   to	
   work	
   on	
   active	
   job	
   seeking	
   using	
   the	
   new	
   technologies.	
  
Moreover,	
  29	
  women	
  attended	
  96	
  tutorials	
  to	
  monitor	
  their	
  progress	
  in	
  the	
  training	
  and	
  integration	
  
itinerary.	
  	
  
	
  
2013	
   	
   	
   	
   	
  
PHASES	
  	
  
ACTIVITIES	
  
(A	
  single	
  women	
  may	
  
have	
  attended	
  more	
  than	
  
one	
  workshop)	
  
	
  
Number	
  
of	
  actions	
   Number	
  of	
  
participants	
  
PHASE	
  1	
   Information	
  sessions	
   	
  
4	
   24	
  
	
   Interviews	
   	
   43	
   43	
  
PHASE	
  2	
   Professional	
  guidance	
  modules	
  
Self-­‐knowledge	
  
2	
   23	
  
	
   	
   Curriculum	
   2	
   20	
  
	
   	
   Job	
  search	
  channels	
   2	
   18	
  
	
   	
   Interview	
   2	
   18	
  
	
   	
   Employment	
  issues	
   2	
   20	
  
	
   Tutorials	
   	
   82	
   26	
  
PHASE	
  3	
   Language	
   Spanish	
   -­‐	
   17	
  
	
   	
   Catalan	
   -­‐	
   5	
  
	
   Personal	
   skills	
  (yoga)	
   	
  
2	
   18	
  
	
   Digital	
  literacy	
   	
   2	
   17	
  
PHASE	
  4	
   Professional	
  skills	
   Kitchen	
  assistant	
   1	
   12	
  
	
   	
   Chambermaid	
  course	
   1	
   14	
  
	
   Integration	
  and	
  guidance	
  itinerary	
  	
   -­‐	
   15	
  
	
   Key	
  skills	
   	
   2	
   19	
  
PHASE	
  5	
   Job	
  search	
   	
   1	
   13	
  
	
   Monitoring	
  tutorials	
   	
   96	
   29	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
44	
  
	
  
	
  
Integration	
  into	
  employment	
  
	
  
A	
  total	
  of	
  11	
  women	
  found	
  work,	
  10	
  in	
  the	
  formal	
  employment	
  market	
  in	
  hotels	
  and	
  tourism,	
  cleaning	
  
or	
  caring	
  for	
  elderly	
  people	
  and	
  1	
  woman	
  in	
  the	
  informal	
  employment	
  market.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
This	
   programme	
   is	
   included	
   in	
   the	
  
strategic	
   line	
  for	
  the	
  re-­‐employment	
  of	
  
women	
   who	
   wish	
   to	
   give	
   up	
  
prostitution	
   voluntarily	
   and	
  embark	
  on	
  
a	
   professional	
   project.	
   In	
   this	
   case,	
  
Barcelona	
  Activa	
  was	
   commissioned	
   to	
  
manage	
  the	
  programme.	
  
	
  
5.6.	
  Special	
  accompaniment	
  mechanism	
  for	
  the	
  integration	
  into	
  the	
  employment	
  
market	
  and	
  the	
  social	
  fabric	
  of	
  women	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  who	
  seek	
  
employment	
  alternatives	
  	
  
	
  
The	
  accompaniment	
  programme	
  is	
  aimed	
  at	
  women	
  whose	
  administration	
  situation	
  is	
  either	
  regular	
  or	
  
can	
  be	
   regularised	
   (in	
  process	
  or	
   sufficient	
   years’	
   residence	
   in	
   the	
   country	
   to	
  prove	
   settlement),	
  with	
  
previous	
   work	
   experience	
   or	
   that	
   have	
   acquired	
   good	
   employment	
   habits	
   (hygiene,	
   punctuality,	
  
responsibility,	
  social	
  relations,	
  etc.)	
  through	
  training	
  courses.	
  These	
  are	
  women	
  who	
  are	
  in	
  structural	
  or	
  
temporary	
   situations	
   of	
   disorientation	
   that	
   require	
   accompaniment	
   and	
   a	
   personalised	
   approach	
   in	
  
order	
  to	
  achieve	
  alternatives	
  for	
  access	
  to	
  the	
  employment	
  market.	
  
	
  
In	
   2013,	
   a	
   total	
   of	
   84	
   women	
   were	
   provided	
   with	
   this	
   assistance,	
   and	
   24	
   of	
   whom	
   continued	
   the	
  
process,	
  which	
  began	
  in	
  2012.	
  From	
  January	
  to	
  June	
  2013,	
  25	
  women	
  were	
  referred	
  to	
  this	
  mechanism	
  
and,	
  from	
  July	
  to	
  December,	
  a	
  further	
  35.	
  	
  
	
  
Sociodemographic	
  profile	
  of	
  the	
  participating	
  women	
  
	
  
44.05%	
  of	
   the	
  women	
  who	
  participated	
  had	
  completed	
  secondary	
  education,	
  34.52%	
  had	
  received	
  no	
  
education	
  or	
  had	
  completed	
  only	
  primary	
  studies	
  and	
  the	
  remaining	
  21.43%	
  had	
  completed	
  secondary	
  
education	
  with	
  additional	
  vocational	
  training.	
  	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
89.28%	
  were	
  in	
  a	
  regularised	
  administrative	
  situation.	
  	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
OCCUPATIONS	
  
2013	
  
Number	
  of	
  contracts	
  
Chambermaids	
   5	
  
Cleaning	
   3	
  
Caring	
  for	
  elderly	
  people	
   2	
  
TOTAL	
   10	
  
AGE	
  GROUPS	
   2012	
  %	
  
2013	
  
%	
  
Under	
  25	
  years	
   -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐	
   13.09	
  
26-­‐35	
  years	
   34.6	
   27.38	
  
36-­‐45	
  years	
  	
   	
  46.2	
   39.29	
  
46-­‐65	
  years	
   19.2	
   20.24	
  
ORIGIN	
  
2012	
  
%	
  
2013	
  
%	
  
Spain	
   25	
   17.86	
  
Africa	
   27	
   38.09	
  
Nigeria	
   18	
   30.95	
  
Latin	
  America	
   32	
   27.38	
  
Ecuador	
   14	
   10.71	
  
Eastern	
  Europe	
   15	
   16.67	
  
Romania	
   11	
   9.52	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
45	
  
	
  
	
  
Integration	
  into	
  training	
  
	
  
Twenty-­‐one	
  women	
   received	
   training	
   in	
   various	
   fields.	
   The	
   total	
   number	
   of	
   training	
   activities	
  was	
   23	
  
(the	
  same	
  woman	
  may	
  have	
  taken	
  part	
  in	
  more	
  than	
  one	
  training	
  activity):	
  
	
  
	
  
-­‐ 	
  Computer	
  studies	
  (one	
  woman)	
  
-­‐ 	
  DIR	
  (six	
  women)	
  
-­‐ 	
  “Dona	
  Impuls”	
  (five	
  women)	
  
-­‐ 	
  ITI	
  (two	
  women)	
  
-­‐ 	
  Chambermaid	
  (three	
  women)	
  
-­‐ 	
  Food	
  handling	
  (one	
  woman)	
  
-­‐ 	
  Kitchen	
  (one	
  woman)	
  
-­‐ 	
  Tattooing	
  (one	
  woman)	
  
-­‐ 	
  Home	
  carer	
  (one	
  woman)	
  
-­‐ 	
  Seamstress	
  (one	
  woman)	
  
-­‐ 	
  Spanish/literacy	
  (one	
  woman)	
  
	
  
Integration	
  into	
  employment	
  
	
  
A	
  total	
  of	
  22	
  women	
  were	
  integrated	
  into	
  the	
  formal	
  employment	
  market	
  through	
  33	
  contracts	
   in	
  the	
  
following	
  sectors:	
  14	
  in	
  cleaning	
  companies,	
  9	
  in	
  hotels,	
  4	
  in	
  geriatric	
  home	
  assistance,	
  3	
  in	
  commerce,	
  1	
  
in	
  domestic	
   service,	
  1	
  at	
  a	
  nursing	
  home	
  for	
   the	
  elderly	
  and	
  1	
   in	
  beauty.	
  Moreover,	
  12	
  women	
  found	
  
work	
   in	
  the	
   informal	
  employment	
  market.	
   It	
  happens	
  that	
  one	
  woman	
  found	
  work	
   in	
  both	
  the	
  formal	
  
and	
  informal	
  employment	
  markets.	
  
	
  
The	
  women	
  were	
  monitored	
  both	
  during	
  the	
  training	
  process	
  and	
  in	
  the	
  employment	
  process.	
  	
  
Transversal	
  actions	
  (throughout	
  the	
  process)	
  
	
  
-­‐ 40	
   women	
   received	
   assistance	
   and	
   support	
   at	
   times	
   of	
   crisis	
   caused	
   by	
   personal	
   and	
  
professional	
  stress.	
  	
  
-­‐ 17	
  women	
  received	
  legal	
  advice	
  on	
  employment	
  and	
  immigration	
  issues.	
  	
  
-­‐ 8	
  women	
  worked	
  on	
  urban	
  mobility.	
  	
  
-­‐ 26	
   women	
   who	
   were	
   found	
   to	
   have	
   deficiencies	
   in	
   language	
   skills	
   despite	
   having	
   taken	
  
Spanish/Catalan	
  courses	
  or	
  who	
  had	
  not	
  achieved	
  the	
  basic	
  level	
  to	
  sustain	
  integration	
  worked	
  
to	
   alleviate	
   the	
   constraints	
   on	
   their	
   employability.	
   These	
   women	
   were	
   referred	
   to	
   initiatives	
  
aimed	
  at	
  improving	
  these	
  areas	
  (language	
  proficiency	
  certificate,	
  etc.).	
  
	
  
This	
  programme	
  is	
  included	
  in	
  the	
  strategic	
  line	
  for	
  the	
  re-­‐employment	
  of	
  women	
  who	
  wish	
  to	
  give	
  up	
  
prostitution	
   voluntarily	
   and	
   embark	
   on	
   a	
   professional	
   project.	
   In	
   this	
   case,	
   the	
   programme	
   was	
  
implemented	
  under	
  an	
  agreement	
  established	
  with	
  the	
  social	
  and	
  employment	
  integration	
  coordination	
  
body	
  Anem	
  per	
  feina.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
46	
  
	
  
	
  
5.7.	
  Enfilant	
  l’Agulla	
  (“Threading	
  the	
  Needle”)	
  innovation	
  programme	
  
	
  
The	
  objective	
  of	
  this	
  programme	
  of	
  training	
  in	
  sewing,	
  aimed	
  for	
  the	
  most	
  part	
  at	
  Nigerian	
  women,	
  is	
  to	
  
equip	
   participants	
  with	
   the	
   level	
   of	
   professionalism	
   required	
   for	
   clothes	
   production.	
   To	
   this	
   end,	
   the	
  
organisation	
  has	
  its	
  own	
  garment-­‐making	
  and	
  fashion	
  and	
  home	
  accessory	
  production	
  workshop,	
  selling	
  
produce	
  under	
  the	
  Dona	
  Kolors	
  social	
  brand.	
  Participants	
  are	
  also	
  provided	
  with	
  the	
  necessary	
  tools	
  to	
  
become	
  self-­‐employed	
  in	
  the	
  sector.	
  
	
  
Thirty-­‐eight	
  women	
   received	
   this	
   training	
   as	
   seamstresses,	
  which	
  was	
  divided	
   into	
   three	
   levels:	
   initial	
  
phase	
  (basic	
  sewing	
  skills);	
  second	
  phase	
  (basic	
  sewing);	
  and	
  third	
  phase	
  (advanced	
  sewing).	
  The	
  process	
  
lasted	
  approximately	
  one	
  year,	
  with	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  420	
  hours	
  of	
  training.	
  
	
  
The	
   seven	
  women	
  who	
   completed	
   the	
   three	
   phases	
   completed	
  work	
   practice	
   at	
   different	
   companies	
  
and	
  received	
  a	
  semi-­‐professional	
  sewing	
  machine	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  encourage	
  them	
  to	
  become	
  self-­‐employed.	
  
	
  
TRAINING	
  IN	
  SEWING	
   Duration	
  of	
  training	
   Number	
  of	
  women	
  
INITIAL	
  PHASE	
  	
   10	
  hours	
  per	
  week	
   19	
  	
  
SECOND	
  PHASE	
   10	
  hours	
  per	
  week	
   6	
  
THIRD	
  PHASE	
   10	
  hours	
  per	
  week	
   10	
  
Complementary	
  knitting	
  
training	
  workshop	
  	
   10	
  hours	
  per	
  week	
   4	
  
WORK	
  PRACTICE	
   40	
  hours	
   7	
  
	
  
The	
   training	
   was	
   complemented	
   by	
   eight	
   two-­‐hour	
   sessions	
   focusing	
   on	
   job	
   skills	
   and	
   two	
   on	
  
entrepreneurship,	
  with	
   the	
  participation	
  of	
  18	
  women.	
  One	
   single	
  woman	
  could	
  participate	
   in	
  one	
  or	
  
more	
  training	
  phases	
  of	
  training	
  as	
  well	
  as	
  one	
  or	
  more	
  of	
  these	
  sessions.	
  
	
  
Dona	
  Kolors	
  products	
  are	
  available	
  at	
  17	
  outlets	
  in	
  Catalonia	
  and	
  the	
  rest	
  of	
  Spain	
  (Natura	
  shop	
  chain,	
  
museum	
   gift	
   shops,	
   sustainable	
   clothes	
   stores,	
   boutiques	
   in	
   tourist	
   areas),	
   from	
   its	
   own	
   online	
   store	
  
(www.donakolors.cat)	
  and	
  from	
  an	
  online	
  store	
  in	
  Holland.	
  These	
  channels	
  increase	
  market	
  options	
  by	
  
240%	
  compared	
  to	
  the	
  previous	
  year,	
  when	
  there	
  were	
  just	
  five	
  outlets	
  for	
  the	
  product.	
  
	
  
The	
  initiative	
  embodies	
  an	
  innovative	
  social	
  enterprise	
  programme	
  established	
  specifically	
  to	
  create	
  new	
  
employment	
   options.	
   The	
   women	
   attend	
   monthly	
   tutorials,	
   assessment	
   interviews	
   with	
   programme	
  
managers	
  and	
  technical	
  evaluation	
  meetings,	
  as	
  well	
  as	
  receiving	
  a	
  full	
  assessment	
  at	
  the	
  end	
  of	
  the	
  year.	
  
	
  
Sociodemographic	
  profile	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  provided	
  with	
  assistance	
  
	
  
By	
   nationality,	
   the	
   largest	
   group	
   are	
  women	
   of	
   Nigerian	
   origin	
   (78.94%),	
   followed	
   by	
   Latin	
   American	
  
women	
  (15.78%).	
  Those	
  from	
  Romania	
  and	
  Morocco	
  account	
  for	
  2.63%	
  of	
  the	
  total.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
AGE	
  OF	
  THE	
  WOMEN	
   Number	
  of	
  women	
  
26-­‐35	
  years	
   26	
  
36-­‐45	
  years	
   10	
  
18-­‐	
  25	
  years	
   2	
  
Total	
   38	
  
ORIGIN	
  OF	
  WOMEN	
  
EMPLOYED	
  
Number	
  of	
  
women	
  
Sub-­‐Saharan	
  Africa	
   30	
  
Latin	
  America	
   6	
  
Eastern	
  Europe	
  (Romania)	
   1	
  
Morocco	
  	
   1	
  
Total	
   38	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
47	
  
	
  
	
  
Integration	
  into	
  employment	
  
	
  
In	
   2013,	
   three	
   women	
  were	
   integrated	
   into	
   the	
   formal	
   employment	
  market:	
   two	
   were	
   hired	
   by	
   the	
  
workshop	
   itself	
  and	
  one	
  to	
  work	
   in	
  a	
  shop,	
  engaged	
   in	
  making	
  alterations	
   to	
  clothing.	
  Moreover,	
   four	
  
more	
  women	
  became	
  self-­‐employed	
  in	
  the	
  informal	
  market.	
  	
  
This	
   programme	
   forms	
   part	
   of	
   the	
   strategic	
   line	
   established	
   by	
   the	
   Council	
   Department	
   for	
   the	
  
employment	
  and	
  social	
   integration	
  of	
  women	
  engaged	
   in	
  prostitution	
   through	
  an	
  agreement	
  with	
   the	
  
Enfilant	
  l’Agulla	
  Association.	
  
	
  
5.8.	
  Rosas	
  Crafts	
  Programme	
  of	
  Training	
  in	
  Sewing	
  
	
  
This	
  programme,	
  aimed	
  at	
  women	
  in	
  situations	
  of	
  vulnerability	
  (whether	
  because	
  they	
  had	
  engaged	
  in	
  
prostitution,	
   been	
   victims	
   of	
   human	
   trafficking	
   for	
   the	
   purpose	
   of	
   exploitation	
   or	
   formed	
   part	
   of	
  
vulnerable	
   groups)	
   and	
   have	
   entered	
   re-­‐employment	
   programmes	
   implemented	
   by	
   Barcelona	
   City	
  
Council	
  was	
  launched	
  on	
  1	
  October	
  2013.	
  Its	
  purpose	
  is	
  to	
  provide	
  participants	
  with	
  training	
  in	
  sewing	
  
and	
   to	
  enable	
   them	
  to	
  achieve	
  both	
   the	
   technical	
   skills	
  and	
   the	
  entrepreneurial	
   attitude	
  necessary	
   to	
  
enter	
  into	
  a	
  process	
  of	
  employment	
  adaptation.	
  
A	
  total	
  of	
  nine	
  women	
  took	
  part	
   in	
  this	
   initiative,	
  four	
  from	
  the	
  DIR	
  programme	
  and	
  two	
  from	
  the	
  RAI	
  
programme.	
   The	
   three	
   remaining	
   women	
   were	
   referred	
   by	
   SASPI,	
   the	
   Itinerant	
   Population	
   Social	
  
Assistance	
  Service.	
  This	
  report	
  contains	
  details	
  about	
  the	
  six	
  women	
  referred	
  by	
  the	
  two	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  
programmes	
  (DIR	
  and	
  RAI).	
  
Sociodemographic	
  profile	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  provided	
  with	
  assistance	
  
	
  
One	
  woman	
  was	
  of	
  Spanish	
  origin,	
  whilst	
  the	
  five	
  remaining	
  participants	
  were	
  originally	
  from	
  Romania,	
  
Ecuador,	
  Senegal,	
  Nigeria	
  and	
  Guinea	
  respectively.	
  By	
  age,	
  two	
  women	
  were	
  between	
  26	
  and	
  35	
  years	
  
old,	
  two	
  more	
  between	
  46	
  and	
  55	
  years,	
  one	
  was	
  under	
  25	
  years	
  and	
  one	
  was	
  between	
  36	
  and	
  45	
  years.	
  
In	
   terms	
   of	
   level	
   of	
   studies,	
   three	
  women	
   had	
   completed	
   primary	
   school,	
   two	
   had	
   secondary	
   school	
  
studies	
  and	
  one	
  had	
  completed	
  higher	
  studies.	
  Two	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  had	
  children	
  in	
  their	
  charge.	
  
Integration	
  into	
  training	
  
	
  
The	
  programme	
  was	
  divided	
  into	
  three	
  modules:	
  
- Module	
   1.	
   Beginner’s	
   level:	
   60	
   hours.	
   From	
   1	
   October	
   to	
   5	
   December	
   2013.	
   All	
   six	
   women	
  
completed	
  this	
  module.	
  
- Module	
  2.	
  Intermediate	
  level:	
  60	
  hours.	
  From	
  14	
  January	
  to	
  20	
  March	
  2014.	
  This	
  module	
  has	
  still	
  
to	
  begin.	
  
- Module	
   3.	
   Specialisation	
   level:	
   36	
   hours.	
   6-­‐22	
  May	
   2014	
   (includes	
   coaching	
   and	
   professional	
  
outings).	
  This	
  module	
  has	
  still	
  to	
  begin.	
  
Integration	
  into	
  employment	
  
	
  
In	
   October	
   2013,	
   thanks	
   to	
   her	
   participation	
   in	
   the	
   programme,	
   one	
   woman	
   was	
   integrated	
   into	
  
employment	
   with	
   a	
   full-­‐time	
   contract	
   (this	
   integration	
   is	
   also	
   credited	
   in	
   the	
   report	
   on	
   the	
   DIR	
  
programme).	
   More	
   cases	
   of	
   integration	
   are	
   expected	
   under	
   this	
   programme,	
   which	
   ends	
   on	
   31	
   July	
  
2014.	
  
This	
  programme	
  is	
  included	
  in	
  the	
  strategic	
  line	
  for	
  the	
  re-­‐employment	
  of	
  women	
  who	
  wish	
  to	
  give	
  up	
  
prostitution	
  voluntarily	
  and	
  embark	
  on	
  a	
  professional	
  project.	
  The	
  programme	
  is	
  implemented	
  under	
  a	
  
cooperation	
  agreement	
  with	
  the	
  firm	
  of	
  José	
  Rosas	
  Taberner,	
  SA.	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
48	
  
	
  
	
  
6.	
  Services	
  aimed	
  at	
  victims	
  of	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  
purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
	
  
6.1.	
  Approach	
  by	
  the	
  Socio-­‐Educational	
  Assistance	
  Service	
  to	
  cases	
  of	
  women	
  
victims	
  of	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  
	
  
Concepts	
  	
  
	
  
People	
  trafficking	
  
Or	
   the	
   illegal	
   traffic	
   in	
   migrants.	
   Its	
   purpose	
   is	
   to	
   enable	
   the	
   entry	
   of	
   people	
   into	
   the	
   country	
   of	
  
destination	
  illegally,	
  in	
  exchange	
  for	
  money.	
  It	
  is	
  a	
  transnational	
  practice.	
  
	
  
Trafficking	
  in	
  persons15	
  
“Trafficking	
   in	
   persons"	
   means	
   “the	
   recruitment,	
   transportation,	
   transfer,	
   harbouring	
   or	
   receipt	
   of	
  
persons,	
  by	
  means	
  of	
   the	
   threat	
  or	
  use	
  of	
   force	
  or	
  other	
   forms	
  of	
  coercion,	
  of	
  abduction,	
  of	
   fraud,	
  of	
  
deception,	
   of	
   the	
   abuse	
   of	
   power	
   or	
   of	
   a	
   position	
   of	
   vulnerability	
   or	
   of	
   the	
   giving	
   or	
   receiving	
   of	
  
payments	
  or	
  benefits	
   to	
  achieve	
   the	
   consent	
  of	
   a	
  person	
  having	
   control	
  over	
  another	
  person,	
   for	
   the	
  
purpose	
  of	
  exploitation.	
  Exploitation	
  shall	
  include,	
  at	
  a	
  minimum,	
  the	
  exploitation	
  of	
  the	
  prostitution	
  of	
  
others	
   or	
   other	
   forms	
   of	
   sexual	
   exploitation,	
   forced	
   labour	
   or	
   services,	
   slavery	
   or	
   practices	
   similar	
   to	
  
slavery,	
  servitude	
  or	
  the	
  removal	
  of	
  organs”.	
  Cross-­‐border	
  transfer	
  is	
  not	
  a	
  necessary	
  condition.	
  
	
  
Characteristic	
  that	
  condition	
  intervention	
  in	
  these	
  cases	
  	
  
	
  	
  
⎯ The	
  women	
   show	
  a	
   lack	
  of	
   self-­‐identification	
  of	
   themselves	
  as	
   victims,	
   and	
   can	
  even	
   come	
   to	
  
consider	
  the	
  situation	
  of	
  violence	
  to	
  which	
  they	
  are	
  subjected	
  as	
  normal.	
  	
  
⎯ There	
  is	
  often	
  a	
  family	
  or	
  romantic	
  relationship	
  with	
  the	
  person	
  who	
  engages	
  in	
  the	
  exploitation,	
  
and	
  this	
  hinders	
  the	
  identification	
  process.	
  
⎯ The	
  women’s	
  social	
  and	
  relational	
  networks	
  are	
  scant	
  or	
  non-­‐existent.	
  
⎯ Most	
   of	
   the	
   women	
   are	
   afraid	
   to	
   trust	
   professionals	
   and	
   law	
   enforcement	
   bodies,	
   and	
   the	
  
protection	
  that	
  they	
  can	
  be	
  given	
   if	
  they	
  make	
  an	
  official	
  report	
  of	
  the	
  situation	
   in	
  which	
  they	
  
find	
  themselves.	
  
⎯ There	
  is	
  a	
  certain	
  lack	
  of	
  knowledge	
  about	
  their	
  surroundings,	
  as	
  well	
  as	
  a	
  lack	
  of	
  specialisation	
  
in	
   services	
   and	
   social	
   workers	
   (both	
   formal	
   and	
   informal)	
   which	
   hinders	
   the	
   detection	
   and	
  
accompaniment	
  of	
  women	
  who	
  are	
  victims	
  of	
  trafficking	
  in	
  persons.	
  
⎯ The	
  coercion	
  and	
  threats	
  employed	
  by	
  the	
  networks	
  of	
  exploitation	
  largely	
  prevent	
  the	
  victims	
  
from	
   reporting	
   their	
   situation.	
   These	
   psychological	
   and/or	
   physical	
   threats	
  may	
   concern	
   their	
  
families	
   or	
   close	
   acquaintances,	
   in	
   Barcelona	
   or	
   in	
   their	
   countries	
   of	
   origin,	
   and	
   are	
   used	
   by	
  
those	
  who	
  exploit	
  them	
  to	
  stop	
  them	
  from	
  complaining	
  to	
  the	
  authorities.	
  	
  
⎯ The	
  women	
  are	
  unaware	
  of	
   the	
   legal	
   framework	
   and	
   the	
  protection	
   that	
  may	
  be	
   available	
   to	
  
them	
  (as	
  victims	
  of	
  one	
  or	
  more	
  crimes)	
  and	
  the	
  welfare	
  assistance	
  linked	
  to	
  this.	
  
⎯ There	
  is	
  a	
  failure	
  to	
  comply	
  with	
  State	
  regulations	
  regarding	
  financial	
  compensation	
  to	
  victims.	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
15	
  Protocol	
  to	
  Prevent,	
  Suppress	
  and	
  Punish	
  Trafficking	
  in	
  Persons,	
  especially	
  Women	
  and	
  Children),	
  ratified	
  in	
  Palermo	
  in	
  2000.	
  
United	
  Nations	
  Convention	
  against	
  Transnational	
  Organised	
  Crime.	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
49	
  
	
  
	
  
⎯ Legal	
  proceedings	
  do	
  not	
  sufficiently	
  guarantee	
  the	
  protection	
  of	
  witnesses	
  and/or	
  do	
  not	
  end	
  in	
  
firm	
  convictions.	
  
⎯ There	
  are	
  difficulties	
  in	
  international	
  coordination	
  and	
  lack	
  of	
  protection	
  for	
  the	
  families	
  of	
  the	
  
women	
  who	
  remain	
  in	
  the	
  country	
  of	
  origin.	
  
⎯ In	
   some	
   cases,	
   victims	
   state	
   the	
  wish	
   to	
   continue	
   paying	
   off	
   their	
   debts	
   to	
   those	
   that	
   exploit	
  
them	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  prevent	
  threats	
  from	
  being	
  carried	
  out.	
  
	
  	
  
Procedure	
  for	
  action	
  
	
  
Detection	
  
The	
  SAS	
  performs	
  important	
  work	
  in	
  identifying	
  women	
  who	
  are	
  in	
  the	
  potential	
  situation	
  of	
  becoming	
  
victims	
   of	
   trafficking	
   in	
   human	
   beings	
   for	
   purposes	
   of	
   sexual	
   exploitation	
   of	
   women	
   who	
   are	
   in	
  
situations	
  of	
  exploitation.	
  	
  
Observation	
   and	
   direct	
   interventions	
   in	
   the	
   street	
   have	
   revealed	
   the	
   need	
   to	
   gather,	
   objectify	
   and	
  
improve	
  our	
  approach	
  to	
  the	
  phenomenon	
  of	
  trafficking	
  in	
  persons.	
  To	
  this	
  end,	
  the	
  service	
  has	
  drawn	
  
up	
   a	
   list	
   of	
   indicators	
   to	
   help	
   identify	
   situations	
   of	
   people	
   trafficking	
   with	
   purpose	
   of	
   sexual	
  
exploitation16	
   aimed	
   at	
   improving	
   the	
   detection	
   in	
   the	
   open	
   environment,	
   complemented	
   by	
   contact	
  
and	
   continued	
   socio-­‐educational	
   intervention	
   with	
   the	
   women	
   on	
   the	
   part	
   of	
   educators	
   and	
   health	
  
workers.	
  Finally,	
   interdisciplinary	
  teamwork	
   is	
   implemented,	
  action	
  that	
   involves	
  cooperation	
  between	
  
the	
  service	
  director,	
  the	
  social	
  worker	
  and	
  the	
  psychologist.	
  
	
  
Approach	
  
It	
  should	
  be	
  noted	
  that	
  the	
  profile	
  and	
  personal	
  and	
  social	
  situations	
  of	
  the	
  victims	
  vary	
  greatly,	
  and	
  the	
  
form	
  of	
  approach	
  should	
  therefore	
  be	
  considered	
  case	
  by	
  case,	
  on	
  an	
  individual	
  basis.	
  
In	
  all	
  cases	
  coordination	
  is	
  maintained	
  with	
  the	
  City	
  Police	
  and	
  the	
  Catalan	
  Police	
  Central	
  Unit	
  on	
  Human	
  
Trafficking,	
   informing	
  them	
  about	
  the	
  situation	
  and	
  establishing	
  the	
  most	
  appropriate	
  mechanisms	
  for	
  
collaboration	
  and	
  action:17	
  
	
  
• When	
  the	
  woman	
  is	
  identified	
  in	
  the	
  street	
  and	
  explicitly	
  requests	
  protection	
  as	
  the	
  victim	
  of	
  human	
  
trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation:	
  
⎯ She	
  is	
  referred	
  to	
  emergency	
  assistance	
  provisions	
  through	
  educational	
  accompaniment	
  
by	
   SAS	
  workers	
   and/or,	
   outside	
   the	
   operational	
   hours	
   of	
   the	
   SAS,	
   the	
   intervention	
   of	
  
CUESB,	
  the	
  Barcelona	
  Centre	
  for	
  Social	
  Emergencies.	
  
	
  
• When	
   the	
   woman	
   is	
   identified	
   in	
   the	
   street	
   by	
   SAS	
   workers	
   but	
   does	
   not	
   explicitly	
   request	
  
protection:	
  
⎯ an	
  educational	
  and	
  accompaniment	
  process	
   jointly	
  agreed	
  with	
   the	
  woman	
   is	
  put	
   into	
  
practice:	
  she	
  is	
  helped	
  in	
  decision	
  making	
  and	
  in	
  the	
  process	
  of	
  self-­‐identification	
  as	
  the	
  
victim	
   of	
   a	
   crime;	
   she	
   is	
   given	
   guidance	
   in	
   breaking	
   her	
   links	
   with	
   the	
   network	
   or	
  
individual	
   that	
   is	
   exploiting	
  her;	
  work	
   is	
   aimed	
  at	
   gradually	
  helping	
  her	
   to	
  move	
  away	
  
from	
   her	
   habitual	
   environment;	
   she	
   is	
   offered	
   support	
   and	
   accompaniment	
   in	
   finding	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
16Sources	
  used	
   to	
  define	
   indicators:	
  Guía	
  para	
   la	
   identificación	
  de	
   la	
  Trata	
  de	
   la	
  Red	
  Española	
  contra	
   la	
  Trata;	
  World	
  Health	
  
Organisation	
  recommendations;	
  UNODC	
  indicators.	
  
17	
  GUB-­‐ABITS	
  coordination	
  protocol.	
  Instruction	
  no.	
  11/13.	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
50	
  
	
  
	
  
housing	
  and	
  covering	
  her	
  basic	
  needs	
  and	
  on	
  procedures	
  for	
  obtaining	
  documentation;	
  
etc.	
  
⎯ If	
   necessary,	
   and	
   the	
   woman	
   wishes	
   to	
   report	
   a	
   crime,	
   the	
   SAS	
   legal	
   representation	
  
service	
   to	
   assist	
   victims	
   of	
   human	
   trafficking	
   for	
   the	
   purposes	
   of	
   sexual	
   exploitation	
  
enters	
  into	
  operation.	
  
⎯ If	
  necessary,	
  the	
  woman	
  is	
  referred	
  to	
  emergency	
  shelter	
  provisions.	
  
⎯ She	
   is	
  accompanied	
   to	
   the	
  National	
  Police	
   to	
   formally	
   request	
   the	
  period	
  of	
   reflection	
  
established	
  by	
  law.	
  
⎯ If	
   the	
   woman	
   requests	
   voluntary	
   return	
   to	
   her	
   country	
   of	
   origin,	
   coordination	
   is	
  
established	
  with	
  the	
  International	
  Organisation	
  for	
  Migration	
  (IOM).	
  
⎯ Coordination	
   is	
   maintained	
   with	
   the	
   Agency’s	
   different	
   services	
   for	
   integration	
   into	
  
training	
   and	
   employment	
   integration	
   in	
   order	
   to	
   accompany	
   the	
  woman	
   in	
   the	
   social	
  
and	
  employment	
  integration	
  process.	
  
	
  
	
  
ü Most	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  provided	
  with	
  assistance	
  by	
  the	
  SAS	
  are	
  potential	
  victims	
  of	
  human	
  trafficking	
  
for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation.	
  
ü Four	
  women	
  were	
  attended	
  by	
  the	
  legal	
  representation	
  service	
  (those	
  that	
  finally	
  decided	
  to	
  make	
  
an	
  official	
  report	
  as	
  victims).	
  
ü In	
  2013,	
  two	
  women	
  began	
  legal	
  proceedings	
  with	
  the	
  guidance	
  of	
  SAS	
  service	
  workers.	
  
	
  
	
  
6.2	
  Comprehensive	
  assistance	
  for	
  women	
  involved	
  in	
  prostitution	
  and	
  women	
  
who	
  are	
  victims	
  of	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
	
  
Assistance	
  for	
  women	
  who	
  are	
  victims	
  of	
  human	
  trafficking	
   for	
   the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  has	
  
been	
   provided	
   through	
   a	
   specific	
   programme	
   since	
   2006.	
   The	
   specialisation	
   of	
   this	
   resource	
   and	
   the	
  
differences	
   in	
  profile	
  compared	
  to	
  women	
  who	
  are	
  victims	
  of	
  domestic	
  violence	
   led	
  to	
  the	
  decision	
  to	
  
establish	
  this	
  cooperation	
  agreement,	
  which	
  has	
  since	
  been	
  renewed.	
  	
  
	
  
The	
  programme	
  organises	
  direct	
  residential	
  intervention	
  in	
  three	
  stages:	
  emergency	
  stage;	
  permanence	
  
stage;	
  and	
  autonomous	
  stage.	
  
	
  
Emergency	
  stage	
  
	
  
Barcelona	
  City	
  Council	
  subsidises	
  the	
  emergency	
  stage	
  directly	
  through	
  the	
  offices	
  of	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency.	
  
The	
  overall	
  goal	
  of	
  this	
  process	
  is	
  to	
  provide	
  women	
  who	
  have	
  been	
  victims	
  of	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  
purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  and/or	
  immersed	
  in	
  an	
  environment	
  of	
  prostitution	
  with	
  safe	
  shelter	
  and	
  
to	
  accompany	
  them	
  in	
  their	
  process	
  of	
  personal	
  recovery.	
  The	
  route	
  for	
  access	
  to	
  this	
  service	
  is	
  through	
  
a	
  process	
  of	
  contact	
  in	
  which	
  an	
  initial	
  interview	
  is	
  conducted	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  assess	
  the	
  woman’s	
  requests,	
  
always	
  taking	
  into	
  account	
  whether	
  or	
  not	
  the	
  situation	
  is	
  one	
  of	
  emergency.	
  
	
  
In	
  2013,	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  15	
  women	
  were	
  provided	
  with	
  assistance	
  at	
  this	
  emergency	
  stage,	
  14	
  of	
  them	
  for	
  the	
  
first	
  time,	
  and	
  one	
  who	
  had	
  already	
  received	
  assistance	
  in	
  2012.	
  
	
  
Of	
  these	
  15	
  women:	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
51	
  
	
  
	
  
-­‐ Two	
   entered	
   the	
   programme	
   for	
   voluntary	
   return	
   to	
   their	
   country	
   of	
   origin	
   through	
   the	
  
International	
  Organisation	
  for	
  Migration	
  (IOM)18	
  (four	
  women	
  in	
  2012),	
  in	
  coordination	
  with	
  the	
  
Civil	
  Guard,	
  who	
  accompanied	
  them	
  to	
  the	
  airport	
  departure	
  gate.	
  
-­‐ Two	
  left	
  to	
  live	
  independently.	
  
-­‐ Two	
  continued	
  in	
  the	
  emergency	
  stage	
  at	
  31	
  December	
  2013.	
  
-­‐ Six	
  continued	
  to	
  the	
  permanence	
  stage.	
  
-­‐ One	
  was	
  referred	
  to	
  another	
  resource	
  for	
  reasons	
  of	
  security.	
  
-­‐ Two	
  did	
  not	
  achieve	
  the	
  goals	
  agreed	
  with	
  the	
  team	
  and	
  dropped	
  out	
  of	
  the	
  service.	
  
	
  
87%	
  of	
   the	
  women	
  given	
  emergency	
  assistance	
  continued	
   to	
  work	
   towards	
   the	
  goals	
  agreed	
  with	
   the	
  
team.	
  The	
  average	
  stay	
  in	
  emergency	
  shelter	
  was	
  21	
  days.	
  	
  
	
  
Of	
  the	
  total	
  of	
  15	
  women,	
  60%	
  were	
  referred	
  as	
  victims	
  of	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  
exploitation	
  in	
  the	
  city	
  of	
  Barcelona,	
  13.33%	
  were	
  exploited	
  outside	
  Catalonia	
  with	
  Barcelona	
  as	
  the	
  final	
  
destination,	
  13.33%	
  were	
  identified	
  by	
  security	
  forces	
  before	
  exploitation	
  took	
  place	
  and	
  the	
  remaining	
  
13.33%	
  were	
  referred	
  from	
  other	
  cities.	
  
	
  
	
  
60%	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  were	
  referred	
  by	
  security	
  forces	
  (44%	
  in	
  2012),	
  13.33%	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency’s	
  Socio-­‐
Educational	
   Assistance	
   Service	
   (SAS)	
   (25%	
   in	
   2012),	
   20%	
   by	
   NGOs	
   (19%	
   in	
   2012)	
   and	
   the	
   remaining	
  
6.67%	
  were	
  referred	
  by	
  Sisters	
  of	
  Adoration.	
  
	
  
The	
  profile	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  provided	
  with	
  assistance	
  continued	
  to	
  wholly	
  comprise	
  migrant	
  women:	
  
	
  
ORIGIN	
  OF	
  WOMEN	
  
PROVIDED	
  WITH	
  
ASSISTANCE	
  
2012	
  
%	
  
2012	
  
Number	
  of	
  
women	
  
2013	
  
%	
  
2013	
  
Number	
  of	
  
women	
  
Africa	
   56.25	
   9	
   40	
   6	
  
Nigeria	
   	
   7	
   	
   5	
  
Senegal	
   	
   1	
   	
   -­‐	
  
Morocco	
   	
   1	
   	
   -­‐	
  
Republic	
   of	
  
the	
  Congo	
  
	
   -­‐	
   	
   1	
  
Eastern	
  Europe	
   43.75	
   7	
   46.67	
   7	
  
Romania	
   	
   3	
   	
   1	
  
Bulgaria*	
   	
   3	
   	
   1	
  
Russia	
   	
   1	
   	
   1	
  
Armenia-­‐
Russia	
  
	
   -­‐	
   	
   1	
  
Poland	
   	
   -­‐	
   	
   1	
  
Albania	
   	
   -­‐	
   	
   1	
  
Hungary	
   	
   -­‐	
   	
   1	
  
China	
   -­‐	
   -­‐	
   13.33	
   2	
  
TOTAL	
   100.00	
   16	
   100.00	
   15*	
  
*One	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  holds	
  dual	
  nationality.	
  
	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
18	
  All	
  voluntary	
  returns	
  (through	
  the	
  IOM)	
  were	
  to	
  Eastern	
  European	
  countries.	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
52	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
With	
  regard	
  to	
  the	
  women’s	
  administrative	
  situation	
  at	
  the	
  time	
  they	
  began	
  to	
  receive	
  assistance	
  from	
  
this	
   service,	
   60%	
  possessed	
  documentation	
   (62%	
   in	
  2012),	
   33%	
  were	
  without	
  documentation	
   (25%	
   in	
  
2012)	
  and	
  the	
  remaining	
  7%	
  were	
  women	
  whose	
  documents	
  had	
  been	
  retained	
  by	
  the	
  police	
   (13%	
   in	
  
2012).	
  Of	
  the	
  women	
  with	
  documents,	
  only	
  three	
  were	
  in	
  a	
  regularised	
  administrative	
  situation.	
  
	
  
In	
  order	
  to	
  promote	
  their	
  physical	
  and	
  psychological	
  wellbeing,	
  the	
  women	
  are	
  provided	
  with	
  access	
  to	
  
healthcare.	
  Thus,	
  of	
   the	
  15	
  women	
  assisted	
   in	
   the	
  emergency	
  stage,	
  10	
   received	
  medical	
   care,	
  with	
  a	
  
total	
   of	
   15	
   accompaniments	
   to	
   medical	
   appointments	
   (gynaecology,	
   general	
   practitioners	
   and	
  
psychological	
   assistance),	
   involving	
   a	
   total	
   of	
   22	
   procedures.	
   One	
   of	
   the	
   women	
   assisted	
   received	
  
emergency	
  treatment	
  at	
  EXIL	
  due	
  to	
  her	
  personal	
  and	
  emotional	
  state,	
  with	
  rapid	
  response	
  appropriate	
  
to	
  her	
  needs.	
  
	
  
In	
  2013,	
  21	
  women	
  were	
  accompanied	
  to	
  receive	
  health	
  treatment.	
  	
  
Permanence	
  stage	
  
	
  
The	
  permanence	
  process	
  entails	
  providing	
  women	
  with	
  comprehensive	
  assistance	
  and	
  enabling	
  them	
  to	
  
live	
   together	
  peacefully,	
  making	
  a	
  physical	
   and	
  emotional	
   recovery	
   and	
  developing	
   their	
   skills	
   so	
   that	
  
they	
   can	
   become	
   socially	
   integrated	
   and	
   self-­‐reliant.	
   In	
   2013,	
   fourteen	
   women	
  were	
   assisted	
   at	
   this	
  
stage,	
  six	
  of	
  them	
  new	
  users	
  that	
  year	
  and	
  eight	
  from	
  previous	
  years.	
  
	
  
Autonomous	
  stage	
  (independent	
  apartments)	
  
	
  
In	
  2013,	
  two	
  apartments	
  were	
  maintained	
  for	
  the	
  autonomous	
  stage,	
  leased	
  by	
  Barcelona	
  City	
  Council	
  
and	
  managed	
  by	
  the	
  organitsation.	
  Towards	
  the	
  end	
  of	
  2013,	
  another	
  apartment	
  was	
  acquired.	
  through	
  
the	
   Consortium	
  of	
   Social	
   Services,	
  which	
   has	
  managed	
   facilities	
   funded	
   entirely	
   by	
   the	
  Directorate	
   of	
  
Women’s	
  Affairs	
  since	
  2009.	
  The	
  overall	
  goal	
  at	
  this	
  stage	
  is	
  to	
  consolidate	
  the	
  process	
  of	
  empowerment	
  
that	
  the	
  women	
  have	
  begun.	
  This	
   is	
  the	
  point	
   in	
  the	
   itinerary	
  when	
  the	
  user	
  requires	
  a	
   less	
  protected	
  
space	
   that	
   provides	
   a	
   suitable	
   setting	
   for	
   completing	
   their	
   process.	
   Educational	
   accompaniment	
   is	
  
transformed	
  into	
  monitoring	
  and	
  support.	
  
	
  
	
  in	
  2013,	
  eleven	
  women	
  and	
  one	
  minor	
  received	
  shelter	
  in	
  the	
  two	
  apartments:	
  
-­‐	
  Five	
  women	
  entered	
  the	
  sheltered	
  accommodation	
  for	
  the	
  first	
  time	
  in	
  2013.	
  
-­‐	
  Five	
  women	
  and	
  one	
  minor	
  completed	
  their	
  autonomy	
  processes	
  in	
  this	
  accommodation	
  over	
  
the	
  course	
  of	
  the	
  year.	
  	
  
-­‐	
  One	
  woman	
  was	
  expelled	
  for	
  breaking	
  the	
  rules.	
  
	
  
The	
  sociodemographic	
  profiles	
  are	
  as	
  follows:	
  
-­‐	
  Nationality:	
  seven	
  women	
  from	
  Africa	
  (six	
  from	
  Nigeria	
  and	
  one	
  from	
  Senegal)	
  and	
  four	
  from	
  
Eastern	
  European	
  countries	
  (three	
  from	
  Russia	
  and	
  one	
  from	
  Romania).	
  
-­‐	
  The	
  largest	
  age	
  group	
  was	
  from	
  18	
  to	
  25	
  years,	
  followed	
  by	
  the	
  over	
  30s.	
  
-­‐	
  Three	
  women	
  had	
  children	
  in	
  their	
  charge	
  (one	
  in	
  the	
  country	
  of	
  origin).	
  
AGE	
  GROUPS	
   2012	
  %	
  
2013	
  
%	
  
2013	
  
Number	
  
of	
  
women	
  
18-­‐25	
  years	
   74	
   66.67	
   10	
  
26-­‐30	
  years	
   13	
   13.33	
   2	
  
Over	
  30	
  years	
  	
   13	
   20	
   3	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
53	
  
	
  
	
  
To	
  provide	
  assistance	
  for	
  women	
  who	
  are	
  victims	
  of	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  
exploitation,	
  Barcelona	
  City	
  Council	
  implements	
  this	
  programme	
  through	
  a	
  cooperation	
  agreement	
  with	
  
the	
  Institute	
  of	
  the	
  Sisters	
  of	
  Adoration,	
  Slaves	
  of	
  the	
  Blessed	
  Sacrament	
  and	
  of	
  Charity,	
  Community	
  of	
  
Sants,	
  to	
  promote	
  the	
  SICAR	
  cat	
  project.	
  
	
  
6.3.	
  RAI	
  Intervention	
  for	
  the	
  recovery,	
  empowerment	
  and	
  integration	
  into	
  
employment	
  of	
  women	
  who	
  have	
  been	
  victims	
  of	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  
purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  
	
  
The	
   RAI	
   programme	
   is	
   aimed	
   at	
   women	
   victims	
   of	
   human	
   trafficking	
   for	
   the	
   purpose	
   of	
   sexual	
  
exploitation	
  with	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  providing	
  tools	
  to	
  integrate	
  them	
  into	
  employment	
  once	
  they	
  leave	
  the	
  
shelter	
   accommodation.	
   The	
   programme	
   makes	
   a	
   comprehensive	
   approach	
   to	
   questions	
   of	
   health,	
  
leisure,	
   training,	
   relations	
   and	
   employment.	
   The	
   process	
   is	
   also	
   complemented	
   by	
   the	
   possibility	
   of	
  
undergoing	
   therapy	
   and	
   a	
   process	
   of	
   psychological	
   recovery	
   (conducted	
   by	
   an	
   organisation	
   that	
  
specialises	
  in	
  providing	
  assistant	
  for	
  migrant	
  people).19	
  
	
  
This	
   is	
  a	
  completely	
   innovative	
  programme	
  for	
  which	
  no	
  references	
  regarding	
  any	
  similar	
   initiatives	
   in	
  
Spain	
   are	
   known.	
   A	
   pilot	
   scheme	
   was	
   set	
   up	
   in	
   the	
   framework	
   of	
   funding	
   provided	
   under	
   the	
   new	
  
government	
  measure.	
  	
  
	
  
The	
  RAI	
  programme	
  RAI	
  was	
   launched	
  on	
  1	
  March	
  2012	
  and	
   closed	
  on	
  28	
   February	
  2013.	
   Its	
   success	
  
prompted	
  the	
  establishment	
  of	
  a	
  second	
  edition,	
  which	
  began	
  in	
  April	
  2013	
  and	
  will	
  end	
  in	
  March	
  2014.	
  
This	
  report	
  contains	
  the	
  figures	
  on	
  the	
  second	
  programme.	
  
	
  
In	
  2014,	
  the	
  programme	
  will	
  be	
  launched	
  once	
  more,	
  with	
  certain	
  changes	
  and	
  improvements,	
  enabling	
  
the	
  women	
  to	
  continue	
  the	
  process	
  once	
  they	
  have	
  begun	
  more	
  independent	
  lives.	
  
	
  
Sociodemographic	
  profile	
  
	
  
In	
   this	
   edition	
   of	
   the	
   RAI	
   programme,	
   in	
   which	
   18	
   women	
   took	
   part	
   (data	
   from	
   April	
   2013	
   to	
   31	
  
December	
   2013	
   are	
   included),	
   61%	
  of	
   the	
   participants	
  were	
  women	
   aged	
   below	
   25	
   years,	
   33%	
  were	
  
between	
  25	
  and	
  35	
  years	
  of	
  age	
  and	
  6%	
  between	
  36	
  and	
  45	
  years.	
  	
  
	
  
33%	
   of	
   the	
   women	
   participating	
   had	
   studies	
   lower	
   than	
   primary	
   education,	
   22%	
   had	
   completed	
  
secondary	
  education,	
  6%	
  higher	
  studies	
  and	
  17%	
  university	
  studies.	
  
	
  
COUNTRIES	
  OF	
  
ORIGIN	
   WOMEN	
   %	
  
Nigeria	
   11	
   61.11	
  
Republic	
  of	
  the	
  
Congo	
   1	
   5.55	
  
Senegal	
   1	
   5.55	
  
Albania	
   1	
   5.55	
  
Romania	
   2	
   11.11	
  
Ukraine	
   1	
   5.55	
  
Argentina	
   1	
   5.55	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
19	
  Exil.	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
54	
  
	
  
	
  
Of	
   the	
   eighteen	
   women,	
   three	
   had	
   children	
   and	
   none	
   was	
   living	
   with	
   them.	
   One	
   had	
   financial	
  
responsibilities	
  towards	
  their	
  child.	
  The	
  children	
  of	
  two	
  women	
  were	
   in	
  care.	
  However,	
  all	
  the	
  women	
  
said	
  that	
  they	
  had	
  financial	
  responsibilities	
  to	
  their	
  families	
  in	
  their	
  countries	
  of	
  origin.	
  
	
  
Of	
  all	
  the	
  women,	
  nine	
  received	
  individual	
  psychological	
  assistance	
  at	
  the	
  Exil	
  organisation	
  and	
  one	
  was	
  
referred	
   to	
  CAS	
   social	
   assistance	
   centres	
   to	
   receive	
   individual	
   treatment	
   for	
   the	
   consumption	
  of	
   toxic	
  
substances	
   and	
   to	
   receive	
   psychological	
   assistance.	
   Moreover,	
   seven	
   women	
   received	
   assistance	
   for	
  
healthcare	
  issues	
  (gynaecological,	
  ophthalmic	
  and	
  dental,	
  amongst	
  others)	
  and	
  three	
  took	
  part	
  in	
  group	
  
art	
  therapy	
  sessions.	
  
	
  
A	
  characteristic	
  of	
  women	
  who	
  are	
  victims	
  of	
  human	
  trafficking	
   is	
  a	
   lack	
  of	
  documentation,	
  a	
  problem	
  
that	
  makes	
   it	
  difficult	
   to	
  obtain	
  residence	
  and	
  work	
  permits	
   in	
  cases	
  of	
  cooperation	
  with	
  the	
  police	
   in	
  
accordance	
   with	
   Article	
   59.2	
   of	
   Spanish	
   Immigrant	
   Law.	
   39%	
   of	
   the	
   women	
   who	
   took	
   part	
   in	
   the	
  
programme	
   had	
   residence	
   and	
   work	
   permits,	
   17%	
   only	
   residence	
   permits	
   and	
   44%	
   had	
   neither	
  
residence	
  nor	
  work	
  permits	
  (in	
  the	
  case	
  of	
  the	
  pre-­‐employment	
  group,	
  this	
  figure	
  reached	
  63%).	
  	
  
	
  
Those	
   women	
   that	
   underwent	
   legal	
   processes,	
   which	
   can	
   often	
   be	
   long-­‐drawn	
   out	
   in	
   time,	
   relived	
  
painful	
   situations	
   and	
   experiences	
   that,	
   in	
   some	
   cases,	
   had	
   repercussions	
   on	
   their	
   state	
   and	
   their	
  
participation	
  in	
  the	
  programme.	
  
	
  
As	
  regards	
  income	
  other	
  than	
  from	
  employment,	
  90%	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  received	
  no	
  benefits,	
  5%	
  received	
  
non-­‐contributory	
   benefits	
   and	
   the	
   remaining	
   5%	
   received	
   support	
   in	
   applying	
   for	
   non-­‐contributory	
  
active	
  integration	
  income	
  (RAI)	
  that	
  would	
  help	
  them	
  to	
  cover	
  the	
  basic	
  costs	
  of	
  housing	
  and	
  food.	
  The	
  
fact	
  that	
  many	
  women	
  have	
  no	
  documentation,	
  which	
  makes	
  access	
  to	
  benefits	
  more	
  difficult	
  for	
  them	
  
and,	
   in	
   cases	
  where	
   they	
   are	
  not	
   linked	
   to	
   a	
   residential	
   resource,	
   they	
  have	
   even	
  more	
  difficulties	
   in	
  
covering	
   their	
   basic	
   needs	
   and,	
   therefore,	
   sustaining	
   their	
   process.	
   For	
   this	
   reason,	
   in	
   2014,	
   the	
   RAI	
  
programme	
  will	
  include	
  certain	
  changes	
  and	
  improvements	
  to	
  cover	
  the	
  basic	
  needs	
  of	
  these	
  women	
  so	
  
that	
  they	
  can	
  sustain	
  their	
  processes	
  once	
  they	
  are	
  living	
  more	
  independently.	
  
	
  
Of	
  the	
  18	
  women,	
  13	
  lived	
  in	
  the	
  shelter	
  accommodation	
  provided	
  and	
  the	
  other	
  5	
  lived	
  independently,	
  
in	
  shared	
  apartments.	
  Three	
  women	
  received	
  financial	
  aid	
  for	
  food,	
  rent	
  and	
  a	
  training	
  course.	
  
	
  
Regarding	
   previous	
   employment	
   experience,	
   33%	
   of	
   the	
   women	
   in	
   both	
   groups	
   had	
   had	
   work	
  
experience	
   in	
   their	
   countries	
  of	
  origin,	
  22%	
  had	
  no	
  experience	
  and	
   just	
  17%	
  had	
  had	
  an	
  employment	
  
contract.	
  
	
  
Eighteen	
  women	
  were	
  selected	
  for	
  the	
  RAI	
  programme	
  (which	
  began	
  in	
  April	
  2013	
  and	
  will	
  end	
  in	
  March	
  
2014).	
   Of	
   these,	
   fourteen	
   were	
   new	
   incorporations	
   to	
   the	
   programme	
   and	
   four	
   were	
   continuing	
  
participants	
  from	
  the	
  previous	
  edition.	
  	
  
	
  
Pre-­‐employment	
  group	
  
	
  
The	
   pre-­‐employment	
   group	
  was	
   formed	
   by	
   eight	
   women,	
   seven	
   of	
   them	
   referred	
   by	
   SICAR	
   and	
   one	
  
identified	
   in	
  the	
  selection	
  process	
  for	
  a	
  social	
  and	
  employment	
   integration	
  programme20	
   implemented	
  
in	
  cooperation	
  with	
  the	
  SAS.	
  The	
  group	
  is	
  formed	
  by	
  women	
  who	
  show	
  themselves	
  to	
  be	
  motivated	
  to	
  
start	
   a	
   process	
   of	
   integration	
   into	
   the	
   host	
   country	
   and	
   the	
   employment	
  market.	
   Despite	
   this	
   initial	
  
motivation,	
  the	
  process	
  with	
  this	
  group	
  of	
  women	
  was	
  aimed	
  at	
  achieving	
  recovery	
  and	
  empowerment	
  
through	
  a	
  focus	
  on	
  different	
  spheres	
  of	
  life:	
  relationships,	
  health,	
   leisure,	
  the	
  host	
  country	
  culture	
  and	
  
basic	
  and	
  technical	
  skills	
  (knowledge	
  of	
  the	
  Spanish	
  language	
  and	
  computer	
  use).	
  
	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
20	
  In	
  the	
  selection	
  process	
  for	
  a	
  programme	
  operated	
  by	
  Barcelona	
  City	
  Council	
  in	
  cooperation	
  with	
  the	
  Surt	
  Foundation.	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
55	
  
	
  
	
  
88%	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  taking	
  part	
  were	
  under	
  25	
  years	
  and	
  12%	
  between	
  25	
  and	
  35	
  years	
  of	
  age.	
  50%	
  of	
  
the	
  women	
   had	
   studies	
   lower	
   than	
   primary,	
   38%	
   had	
   completed	
   primary	
   studies	
   and	
   12%	
   university	
  
studies.	
  75%	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  were	
  from	
  Nigeria,	
  12.5%	
  from	
  the	
  Democratic	
  Republic	
  of	
  the	
  Congo	
  and	
  
12.5%	
  from	
  Romania.	
  88%	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  had	
  no	
  children,	
  13%	
  one	
  child.	
  	
  
	
  
Employment	
  group	
  
	
  
This	
  group	
  was	
   formed	
  by	
  10	
  women,	
  all	
   referred	
  by	
  SICAR,	
   four	
   from	
  the	
  previous	
  edition	
  of	
   the	
  RAI	
  
programme	
  that,	
   for	
  different	
  reasons,	
  had	
  not	
  been	
  able	
  to	
  achieve	
   integration	
   into	
  the	
  employment	
  
market	
  but	
  had	
  shown	
  interest	
  and	
  motivation	
  in	
  continuing.	
  
	
   	
  
40%	
  of	
   the	
  women	
   in	
   this	
   group	
  were	
   aged	
  below	
  25	
   years,	
   50%	
  between	
  25	
   and	
  35	
   years	
   and	
   10%	
  
between	
   36	
   and	
   46	
   years.	
   20%	
   of	
   the	
   women	
   had	
   studies	
   lower	
   than	
   primary,	
   10%	
   had	
   completed	
  
primary	
   studies,	
   40%	
   secondary	
   studies,	
   10%	
   higher	
   studies	
   and	
   20%	
   university	
   studies.	
   50%	
   of	
   the	
  
women	
  were	
  from	
  Nigeria	
  and	
  10%	
  from	
  Senegal,	
  Romania,	
  Albania,	
  the	
  Ukraine	
  and	
  Argentina.	
  80%	
  of	
  
the	
  women	
  had	
  no	
  children	
  at	
  the	
  time	
  of	
  entering	
  the	
  RAI	
  programme	
  and	
  20%	
  had	
  one	
  child.	
  
	
  
The	
  women	
  who	
  had	
  no	
  documentation	
  when	
  beginning	
  the	
  process	
  gradually	
  obtained	
  documents,	
  as	
  
the	
  application	
  processes	
  were	
  well	
  advanced	
  by	
  that	
  time.	
  
	
  
	
  
Description	
  of	
  the	
  professional	
  life	
  project	
  	
  
	
  
In	
  order	
  to	
  establish	
  a	
  diagnosis	
  of	
  the	
  women’s	
  needs,	
  they	
  were	
  given	
  personal	
  assessment	
  interviews	
  
at	
   the	
   start	
   of	
   the	
   programme	
   and	
   throughout	
   the	
   process.	
   They	
   were	
   also	
   accompanied	
   to	
   and	
  
coordinated	
  with	
  social	
  services	
  and	
  other	
  organisations	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  cover	
  their	
  basic	
  needs.	
  	
  
	
  
Only	
  the	
  women	
  in	
  the	
  pre-­‐employment	
  group	
  participated	
  in	
  the	
  module	
  for	
  the	
  development	
  of	
  basic	
  
life	
  skills.	
  In	
  it,	
  they	
  took	
  part	
  in	
  group	
  activities	
  designed	
  to	
  integrate	
  them	
  into	
  the	
  host	
  country.	
  There	
  
were	
  group	
  actions	
  to	
  define	
   life	
  challenges	
  (leisure,	
  work,	
  health,	
  relationships	
  and	
  training)	
   in	
  which	
  
the	
   participants	
   were,	
   in	
   the	
   main,	
   women	
   from	
   the	
   pre-­‐employment	
   group.	
   In	
   all	
   cases,	
   activities	
  
revolved	
   around	
   the	
   subject	
   of	
   employment.	
   The	
   employment	
   group	
   also	
   took	
   part	
   in	
   individual	
  
approaches	
  to	
  the	
  different	
  spheres	
  according	
  to	
  the	
  specific	
  needs	
  of	
  each	
  woman.	
  Transversal	
  sessions	
  
were	
  also	
  organised	
  between	
  the	
  two	
  groups,	
  focusing	
  mainly	
  on	
  the	
  sphere	
  of	
  relationships.	
  We	
  should	
  
not	
  that,	
  thanks	
  to	
  the	
  actions	
  organised,	
  four	
  of	
  the	
  eighteen	
  women	
  who	
  took	
  part	
  were	
  identified	
  as	
  
victims	
  of	
  abuse	
  by	
  their	
  partners.	
  
	
  
GROUP	
  ACTIONS:	
  SPHERE	
   NUMBER	
  OF	
  ACTIONS	
  
NUMBER	
  OF	
  
PARTICIPANTS	
  
Health	
   7	
   5	
  
Leisure	
   7	
   10	
  
Relationships	
   5	
   6	
  
Employment	
   2	
   5	
  
TOTAL	
   4	
   26	
  
	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
56	
  
	
  
	
  
Implementation	
  of	
  projects	
  defined	
  
	
  
The	
  work	
  in	
  this	
  module	
  was	
  aimed	
  at	
  developing	
  the	
  transversal	
  skills	
  necessary	
  to	
  achieve	
  integration	
  
into	
   employment	
   through	
   experiential	
   group	
   dynamics,	
   graphic	
  material	
   and	
   dynamics	
   for	
   reflection.	
  
More	
   specifically,	
   the	
   activities	
   focused	
   on	
   skills	
   where	
   women	
   encountered	
   more	
   difficulties:	
  
relationship	
   skills	
   (teamwork,	
   interpersonal	
   relations	
   and	
   communication)	
   and	
   coping	
   (responsibility,	
  
negotiation,	
  adaptability,	
  organisation).	
  
 
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
There	
   were	
   17	
   tutorials	
   to	
   define	
   work	
   plans,	
   six	
   on	
   coordination	
   with	
   training	
   centres	
   and	
   15	
   on	
  
coordination	
  with	
  other	
  organisations.	
  
	
  
61%	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  identified	
  areas	
  in	
  which	
  they	
  could	
  improve	
  their	
   lives,	
  61%	
  defined	
  improvement	
  
goals	
   and	
   57%	
   implemented	
   improvement	
   processes	
   of	
   some	
   kind.	
   44%	
   of	
   the	
   women	
   took	
   part	
   in	
  
group	
  sessions	
   in	
  the	
  module	
  on	
   life	
  skills	
  and	
  57%	
  put	
  actions	
   in	
  their	
   life	
  plans	
  (linked	
  to	
  developing	
  
basic	
  life	
  skills)	
  into	
  practice.	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
21	
  The	
  study	
  groups	
  focused	
  on	
  issues	
  concerning	
  discrimination,	
  gender	
  roles	
  and	
  relations	
  of	
  trust	
  and	
  friendship.	
  
ACTIONS	
   NUMBER	
  	
  OF	
  ACTIONS	
  
NUMBER	
  	
  
OF	
  WOMEN	
  
Study	
  groups21	
   4	
   11	
  
Balance	
  of	
  skills	
   7	
   4	
  
Job	
  search	
  techniques	
  and	
  ICT	
  skills	
  	
   6	
   11	
  
Life	
  skills	
  module	
   9	
   11	
  
Module	
  to	
  develop	
  transversal	
  skills	
  	
   8	
   7	
  
TUTORIALS	
   NUMBER	
  	
  OF	
  WOMEN	
  
Tutorials	
  to	
  monitor	
  (implementation)	
  of	
  work	
  plans	
   12	
  
Tutorials	
  on	
  retaining	
  employment	
  	
   7	
  
Tutorials	
  for	
  monitoring	
  and	
  maintaining	
  training	
   6	
  
Tutorials	
  to	
  define	
  the	
  work	
  plan	
   17	
  
Coordination	
  with	
  training	
  centres	
  	
   6	
  
Coordination	
  tutorials	
   15	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
57	
  
	
  
	
  
Integration	
  into	
  training	
  
	
  
Regarding	
  the	
  development	
  of	
  technical	
  and	
  transversal	
  skills	
   linked	
  to	
  the	
  employment	
  market,	
  there	
  
were	
  20	
  cases	
  of	
  integration	
  into	
  training.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
Of	
  the	
  30	
  cases	
  of	
  integration	
  into	
  training,	
  20	
  involved	
  members	
  of	
  the	
  pre-­‐employment	
  group	
  and	
  10	
  
members	
   of	
   the	
   employment	
   group.	
   Most	
   of	
   the	
   cases	
   of	
   integration	
   into	
   training	
   in	
   the	
   pre-­‐
employment	
  group	
  were	
   for	
   language	
   training.	
   In	
   the	
  employment	
  group,	
  18%	
  of	
  cases	
  of	
   integration	
  
into	
  training	
  took	
  the	
  form	
  of	
  work	
  practice	
  at	
  companies.	
  
	
  
Integration	
  into	
  employment	
  
	
  
Six	
  women	
  were	
   integrated	
   into	
   the	
   formal	
  employment	
  market	
   through	
   fifteen	
   contracts.	
  Mediation	
  
with	
   companies	
   resulted	
   in	
   ten	
   contracts,	
   awarded	
   to	
   four	
   women.	
   As	
   regards	
   individual	
  
accompaniment	
   for	
   women	
   actively	
   seeking	
   work,	
   this	
   resulted	
   in	
   five	
   contracts,	
   awarded	
   to	
   two	
  
women.	
   In	
   total,	
   33%	
   of	
   the	
  women	
  who	
   took	
   part	
   in	
   the	
   RAI	
   programme	
   achieved	
   integration	
   into	
  
employment	
  in	
  the	
  formal	
  market.	
  By	
  sector,	
  services	
  to	
  companies	
  accounted	
  for	
  53%,	
  hotels	
  33%	
  and	
  
customer	
  service	
  13%.	
  By	
  type	
  of	
  job,	
  53%	
  became	
  integrated	
  as	
  cleaning	
  operations	
  (eight	
  cases),	
  13%	
  
as	
   chambermaids	
   (two	
   cases)	
   and	
   13%	
   as	
   hostesses	
   and	
   promoters	
   (two	
   cases).	
   Moreover,	
   seven	
  
women	
  found	
  work	
  in	
  the	
  informal	
  employment	
  market.	
  It	
  happens	
  that	
  one	
  single	
  woman	
  found	
  work	
  
both	
  in	
  the	
  formal	
  and	
  informal	
  employment	
  markets.	
  
	
  
By	
  contract	
   type,	
  53%	
  were	
  work	
  or	
  service	
  contracts,	
  27%	
  temporary	
  contracts	
  and	
  20%	
  substitution	
  
contracts;	
   73%	
   were	
   full-­‐time,	
   and	
   27%	
   part-­‐time;	
   67%	
   were	
   continuous	
   timetables,	
   20%	
   partial	
  
(mornings),	
  and	
  13%	
  were	
  on	
  a	
  split	
  timetable	
  basis.	
  
	
  
The	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  provides	
  a	
  line	
  of	
  assistance	
  for	
  women	
  who	
  are	
  victims	
  of	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  
purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  so	
  that,	
  after	
  they	
  leave	
  shelter	
  resources,	
  they	
  can	
  obtain	
  tools	
  that	
  will	
  
enable	
   them	
   to	
   achieve	
   integration	
   into	
   employment.	
   This	
   programme	
   was	
   implemented	
   under	
   a	
  
cooperation	
   agreement	
  with	
   the	
   Surt	
   Foundation	
   and	
   the	
   Sisters	
   of	
   Adoration,	
   Slaves	
   of	
   the	
   Blessed	
  
Sacrament	
  and	
  of	
  Charity.	
  	
  
	
  
FIELD	
  OF	
  INTEGRATION	
  INTO	
  TRAINING	
   Number	
  	
  of	
  women	
  
Instrumental	
  training	
   1	
  
Language	
  (Catalan	
  and	
  Spanish),	
  integration	
  into	
  
training	
   19	
  
Hairdressing	
  training	
  cycle	
   1	
  
Hostess	
  training	
  cycle	
   1	
  
Vocational	
  training	
  in	
  sewing	
  and	
  pattern-­‐making	
  	
   2	
  
Dental	
  assistant	
   2	
  
Programme	
  for	
  initial	
  professional	
  qualification	
  
(PQPI)	
   1	
  
Hairdressing	
  assistant	
   1	
  
Assistant	
  waitress	
   1	
  
Ratification	
  of	
  studies	
  in	
  country	
  of	
  origin	
  	
   1	
  
TOTAL	
  INTEGRATION	
  INTO	
  TRAINING	
   30	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
58	
  
	
  
	
  
6.4.	
  Other	
  resources	
  for	
  victims	
  of	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  
exploitation	
  
	
  
	
  
Once	
   more	
   in	
   2013,	
   the	
   possibility	
   was	
   considered	
   of	
   providing	
   assistance	
   for	
   victims	
   of	
   human	
  
trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  at	
  the	
  Municipal	
  Emergency	
  Reception	
  Centre	
  for	
  Male	
  
Violence	
  (CMAU-­‐VM)	
  in	
  those	
  cases	
  where	
  referral	
  to	
  SICAR	
  or	
  shelters	
  was	
  not	
  considered	
  appropriate	
  
outside	
   the	
  working	
  hours	
  of	
   the	
  Socio-­‐Educational	
  Assistance	
  Service.	
  This	
  possibility	
   is	
   formalised	
   in	
  
the	
  protocol	
  established	
  by	
  the	
  Centre	
  for	
  Social	
  Emergencies	
  (CUESB).	
  	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
In	
   2013,	
   a	
   legal	
   representation	
   service	
   was	
   maintained	
   for	
   women	
   considering	
   the	
   possibility	
   of	
  
reporting	
  this	
  crime.	
  Four	
  women	
  were	
  provided	
  with	
  such	
  assistance,	
  and	
  a	
  training	
  day	
  was	
  organised	
  
for	
  SAS	
  service	
  workers.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
59	
  
	
  
	
  
7.	
  Networking	
  and	
  cooperation	
  	
  
	
  
7.1.	
  ABITS	
  Plan	
  Technical	
  Committee	
  
	
  
Over	
   the	
   course	
   of	
   2013,	
   the	
   Technical	
   Committee	
   continued	
   its	
   work	
   in	
   cooperation	
   with	
   the	
  
organisations	
  and	
  municipal	
  departments	
  linked	
  to	
  the	
  Agency:	
  
	
  
Organisations	
   	
  
-­‐ Sisters	
  of	
  Adoration,	
  Slaves	
  of	
  the	
  Blessed	
  Sacrament	
  and	
  of	
  Charity,	
  SICAR	
  cat	
  project	
  	
  
-­‐ Anem	
  per	
  feina	
  
-­‐ APIP	
  Association	
  for	
  Promotion	
  and	
  Integration	
  into	
  Employment	
  	
  
-­‐ Red	
  Cross,	
  Barcelona	
  Local	
  Assembly.	
  Health	
  Division	
  
-­‐ Àmbit	
  Foundation,	
  Àmbit	
  Dona	
  	
  	
  
-­‐ Genera	
  
-­‐ Doctors	
  of	
  the	
  World	
  
-­‐ Oblates	
  of	
  the	
  Holy	
  Redeemer,	
  El	
  Lloc	
  de	
  la	
  Dona	
  
-­‐ Surt.	
  Women’s	
  Foundation.	
  Private	
  Foundation.	
  
	
  
Barcelona	
  City	
  Council	
   	
  
	
  
-­‐ Director	
  of	
  the	
  Department	
  of	
  Equality	
  and	
  Health	
  Services	
  	
  
-­‐ Director	
  of	
  the	
  Women’s	
  Programme	
  	
  
-­‐ Officer	
  from	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  	
   	
  
-­‐ Director	
  and	
  officers	
  from	
  SAS	
   	
   	
   	
  
-­‐ Team	
  of	
  officers	
  at	
  Women’s	
  Information	
  and	
  Assistance	
  Points	
  (PIAD)	
  	
   	
   	
   	
  
-­‐ Director	
  of	
  the	
  Office	
  for	
  Non-­‐Discrimination	
  (OND)	
  	
  
-­‐ Officer	
  from	
  the	
  Department	
  of	
  Prevention,	
  Safety	
  and	
  Mobility	
  
-­‐ Prevention	
  officers	
  from	
  Ciutat	
  Vella,	
  Sant	
  Martí,	
  Eixample,	
  Les	
  Corts	
  and	
  Sants-­‐Montjuïc	
  
districts	
  	
  
-­‐ Consortium	
  of	
  Social	
  Services	
  
	
  
	
  
Over	
  the	
  period,	
  a	
  total	
  of	
  seven	
  sessions	
  took	
  place,	
  two	
  of	
  them	
  extraordinary,	
  called	
  to	
  focus	
  on	
  
specific	
  single	
  issues.	
  
	
  
	
   	
  
	
  7.2.	
  Other	
  areas	
  of	
  action	
  	
  
	
  
Barcelona	
  City	
  Council	
  
	
  
⎯ Coordination	
  with	
  the	
  Conflict	
  Management	
  Service	
  of	
  the	
  Department	
  for	
  Social	
  Intervention	
  in	
  
the	
  Public	
  Space	
  (Quality	
  of	
  Life,	
  Equality	
  and	
  Sport).	
  
⎯ Territorial	
   coordination	
   work,	
   in	
   cooperation	
   with	
   district	
   authorities	
   in	
   habitual	
   liaison	
   and	
  
participation	
  in	
  work	
  spaces.	
  In	
  2012,	
  when	
  direct	
  intervention	
  began	
  in	
  the	
  Zona	
  Franca	
  district,	
  
the	
  Agency	
   joined	
  the	
  Public	
  Space	
  Committee	
   in	
  Sants-­‐Montjuïc	
  district.	
   In	
   the	
  case	
  of	
  Ciutat	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
60	
  
	
  
	
  
Vella,	
  work	
  continues	
  on	
  the	
  action	
  plan	
  for	
  the	
  Plaça	
  Salvador	
  Seguí	
  area	
  and	
  the	
  service	
  took	
  
part	
  in	
  meetings	
  with	
  residents,	
  amongst	
  other	
  activities.	
  	
  
⎯ Liaison	
  continues	
  with	
  the	
  city	
  police	
  with	
  regard	
  to	
  prostitution	
  in	
  the	
  street	
  and	
  the	
  detection	
  
of	
  situations	
  of	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation.	
  Work	
  also	
  continues	
  on	
  
awareness-­‐raising	
   actions	
   for	
   the	
   officers	
  who	
   take	
   part	
   in	
   police	
   operations,	
   informing	
   them	
  
about	
   the	
   Agency’s	
   resources	
   and	
   services	
   and	
   about	
   situations	
   of	
   human	
   trafficking	
   for	
   the	
  
purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation.	
  
⎯ Liaison	
   meetings	
   were	
   held	
   with	
   Barcelona	
   City	
   Council	
   Legal	
   Department	
   (Office	
   for	
   Legal	
  
Services).	
  
⎯ The	
   Agency	
   also	
   continues	
   to	
   form	
   part	
   of	
   the	
   Barcelona	
   Circuit	
   city	
   technical	
   commission	
  
against	
   violence	
   towards	
   women,	
   whose	
   joint	
   leaders	
   are	
   the	
   Office	
   for	
   the	
   Women’s	
  
Programme	
  and	
  Barcelona	
  Health	
  Consortium,	
  and	
  the	
  2012	
  ABITS	
  report	
  was	
  presented	
  to	
  this	
  
body.	
   The	
   Agency	
   also	
   continues	
   to	
   provide	
   information	
   about	
   its	
   resources	
   and	
   services	
   in	
  
some	
  district	
  territorial	
  circuits.	
  	
  
	
  
	
  
Other	
  institutions	
  
:	
  
⎯ Participation	
   in	
   areas	
   for	
   institutional	
   relations	
   provided	
   for	
   in	
   the	
   government	
   measure:	
  
delegate	
   attorney	
   on	
   Immigration	
   Affairs,	
   and	
   the	
   State	
   Police	
   Central	
   Unit	
   on	
   Illegal	
  
Immigration	
  Networks	
  and	
  False	
  Documents	
  (UCRIF).	
  
⎯ Technical	
  liaison	
  meetings	
  have	
  been	
  held	
  with	
  UCRIF,	
  the	
  Catalan	
  Police,	
  etc.	
  
⎯ Regarding	
  awareness-­‐raising,	
  all	
  students	
  requesting	
   information	
  about	
  the	
  Agency’s	
  work	
  and	
  
the	
   situation	
   of	
   women	
   were	
   attended.	
   The	
   Agency	
   took	
   part	
   in	
   a	
   round	
   table	
   on	
   human	
  
trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  at	
  a	
  secondary	
  school	
  and	
  at	
  vocational	
  training	
  
centres.	
  	
  
⎯ Requests	
   for	
   information	
   about	
   prostitution	
   and	
   sexual	
   exploitation	
   were	
   attended	
   to	
   from	
  
academics	
  in	
  Norway,	
  Chile,	
  Portugal	
  and	
  the	
  United	
  States.	
  	
  
⎯ The	
  Association	
  of	
  Women	
   Journalists	
   of	
   Catalonia	
  was	
   commissioned	
   to	
   draft	
   a	
   study	
  of	
   the	
  
treatment	
   and	
   approach	
   to	
   prostitution	
   and	
   human	
   trafficking	
   for	
   the	
   purpose	
   of	
   sexual	
  
exploitation	
  in	
  the	
  written	
  press	
  and	
  digital	
  media	
  with	
  a	
  view	
  to	
  drawing	
  up	
  recommendations	
  
for	
   distribution.	
   These	
   recommendations	
   were	
   drafted	
   in	
   cooperation	
   with	
   journalists	
   from	
  
several	
  newspapers	
  and	
  institutional	
  press	
  offices.	
  
⎯ Barcelona	
  City	
  Council	
  signed	
  the	
  Protocol	
  on	
  the	
  Protection	
  of	
  Victims	
  of	
  Human	
  Trafficking	
  in	
  
Catalonia	
  along	
  with	
  several	
  Catalan	
  Government	
  ministries,	
   the	
  State	
  Government	
  Delegation	
  
in	
  Catalonia,	
  the	
  Public	
  Prosecutor’s	
  Office	
  in	
  Catalonia,	
  the	
  College	
  of	
  Lawyers	
  of	
  Catalonia,	
  the	
  
Official	
  College	
  of	
  Psychologists	
  of	
  Catalonia,	
   the	
  Catalan	
  Association	
  of	
  Municipalities	
  and	
  the	
  
Catalan	
  Federation	
  of	
  Municipalities.	
  
⎯ The	
  purpose	
  of	
  this	
  protocol	
  is	
  to	
  adapt	
  the	
  Protocol	
  of	
  Palermo	
  the	
  State	
  Framework	
  Protocol	
  
on	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purposes	
  of	
  exploitation	
  to	
  Catalonia,	
  placing	
  special	
  emphasis	
  on	
  
prevention	
  and	
  joining	
  forces	
  to	
  identify	
  victims,	
  assess	
  the	
  risks	
  to	
  which	
  they	
  are	
  exposed	
  and	
  
to	
  detect	
   their	
  needs.	
  The	
  protocol	
  provides	
   for	
  particular	
  care	
   in	
  cases	
  where	
   the	
  victims	
  are	
  
minors,	
  foreigners	
  in	
  irregular	
  administrative	
  situations	
  or	
  when	
  they	
  are	
  in	
  any	
  other	
  situation	
  
that	
  makes	
  them	
  especially	
  vulnerable	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  provide	
  them	
  with	
  comprehensive	
  protection	
  
and	
  assistance	
  that	
  prevents	
  secondary	
  victimisation	
  and	
  helps	
  to	
  enable	
  them	
  to	
  cooperate	
  in	
  
legal	
  processes.	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
61	
  
	
  
	
  
7.3.	
  Knowledge	
  acquired	
  through	
  networking.	
  Considerations	
  on	
  the	
  
sociodemographic	
  profile	
  of	
  women	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  in	
  the	
  city	
  of	
  
Barcelona	
  
	
  
This	
  report	
  seeks	
  to	
  form	
  a	
  picture	
  of	
  the	
  context	
  and	
  profile	
  of	
  the	
  majority	
  of	
  women	
  who	
  are	
  engaged	
  
in	
  prostitution	
  in	
  the	
  city	
  of	
  Barcelona.	
  This	
  study	
  is	
  based	
  on	
  observation	
  and	
  intervention	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  
Agency	
   and	
   all	
   the	
   work	
   of	
   networking,	
   coordination	
   and	
   cooperation	
   with	
   other	
   organisations	
   and	
  
stakeholders	
   involved	
   in	
  dealing	
  with	
  this	
  phenomenon,	
  taking	
   into	
  account	
  personal	
  aspects,	
  place	
  of	
  
origin	
  and	
  or/social	
  background.	
  
	
  
Although	
  it	
  is	
  not	
  possible	
  to	
  establish	
  criteria	
  of	
  a	
  general	
  nature,	
  there	
  do	
  exist	
  converging	
  factors	
  that	
  
help	
   define	
   the	
   circumstances	
   of	
   these	
   women’s	
   lives	
   and	
   enable	
   advances	
   to	
   be	
   made	
   towards	
  
improving	
  the	
  assistance	
  provided,	
  as	
  well	
  as	
  in	
  the	
  design	
  of	
  new	
  procedures	
  and	
  protocols	
  for	
  action.	
  
	
  
A	
  large	
  number	
  of	
  women	
  of	
  Nigerian	
  origin	
  are	
  from	
  the	
  area	
  in	
  and	
  around	
  Benin	
  City.	
  Most	
  arrive	
  in	
  
Barcelona	
  after	
  an	
  extremely	
  hard	
  journey	
  taking	
  one	
  or	
  two	
  years,	
  brought	
  here	
  by	
  people	
  trafficking	
  
networks	
  that	
  house	
  them	
  in	
  apartments	
  in	
  Morocco	
  to	
  wait	
  for	
  the	
  right	
  time	
  to	
  cross	
  to	
  the	
  Peninsula,	
  
usually	
   on	
   illegal	
   boats.	
   To	
   ensure	
   payment	
   of	
   the	
   cost	
   of	
   travel	
   (40,000	
   euros,	
   approximately),	
   the	
  
mafias	
  coerce	
  the	
  women	
  by	
  threatening	
  to	
  families	
  they	
  left	
  in	
  Nigeria	
  and	
  with	
  voodoo	
  rituals.	
  Some	
  
of	
   these	
   threats	
   are	
   actually	
   carried	
   out,	
   causing	
   great	
   fear	
   amongst	
   the	
   women	
   and	
   generating	
  
enormous	
  pressure	
  on	
  them	
  to	
  repay	
  their	
  debts	
  by	
  engaging	
  in	
  forced	
  prostitution.	
  The	
  women	
  tend	
  to	
  
normalise	
   this	
   situation,	
   which	
   has	
   operated	
   as	
   a	
   form	
   of	
   migration	
   over	
   the	
   last	
   15	
   years.	
   For	
   this	
  
reason,	
  many	
  of	
  them	
  do	
  not	
  see	
  their	
  situation	
  as	
  a	
  crime	
  but	
  as	
  a	
  life	
  choice	
  made	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  live	
  and	
  
survive.	
  Moreover,	
  there	
  is	
  also	
  an	
  additional	
  feeling	
  of	
  loyalty	
  towards	
  the	
  compatriots,	
  both	
  male	
  and	
  
female,	
  that	
  they	
  meet	
  during	
  the	
  course	
  of	
  this	
  process.	
  All	
  this	
  means	
  that	
  few	
  report	
  their	
  situation	
  of	
  
exploitation	
  to	
  the	
  police.	
  The	
  areas	
  where	
  women	
  of	
  Nigerian	
  origin	
  engage	
  in	
  prostitution	
  are,	
  in	
  the	
  
main,	
  Les	
  Corts,	
  Ciutat	
  Vella	
  and	
  Sant	
  Martí	
  (Glòries)	
  districts.	
  
	
  
Women	
  of	
  Romanian	
  origin	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  in	
  Barcelona	
  operate	
  mainly	
  in	
  Ciutat	
  Vella	
  district	
  
and,	
  in	
  smaller	
  numbers,	
  Les	
  Corts.	
  Most	
  come	
  from	
  areas	
  in	
  and	
  around	
  Constanta	
  and	
  Alexandria,	
  an	
  
underdeveloped	
   rural	
   region	
   with	
   harsh	
   weather	
   conditions.	
   Generally	
   speaking,	
   we	
   can	
   define	
   two	
  
different	
   groups	
   of	
   women	
   with	
   different	
   circumstances.	
   In	
   the	
   first	
   group	
   are	
   women	
   that	
   may	
   be	
  
victims	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  by	
  a	
  member	
  of	
  their	
  own	
  family	
  over	
  a	
  period	
  of	
  years.	
  During	
  this	
  time,	
  
the	
  women	
  send	
  the	
  money	
  they	
  obtain	
  to	
  their	
   families	
   living	
   in	
  Romania	
  to	
  their	
  cover	
  basic	
  needs.	
  
According	
  to	
  the	
  dynamic	
  established,	
  after	
  a	
  time	
  the	
  woman	
  returns	
  to	
  Romania	
  and	
  another	
  woman	
  
from	
  the	
   family	
  occupies	
  her	
  place,	
  engaging	
   in	
  prostitution,	
  and	
   the	
   first	
  women	
   lives	
  off	
   the	
  money	
  
that	
  the	
  second	
  sends	
  back.	
  Most	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  see	
  this	
  process	
  as	
  a	
  family	
  commitment,	
  as	
  their	
  role	
  
within	
  the	
  community,	
  and	
  do	
  not	
   identify	
  with	
  a	
  situation	
  of	
  exploitation.	
  There	
   is	
  a	
  second	
  group	
  of	
  
women	
   of	
   Romanian	
   origin	
   who	
  may	
   be	
   in	
   situations	
   of	
   human	
   being	
   trafficking	
   for	
   the	
   purpose	
   of	
  
sexual	
  exploitation	
  by	
  organised	
  gangs.	
  Whilst	
  until	
   only	
  a	
   few	
  years	
  ago	
   the	
  extortion	
  methods	
  used	
  
involved	
  extreme	
   violence,	
   a	
   change	
   in	
   the	
  way	
   these	
  networks	
   operate	
  has	
   been	
  observed	
   recently.	
  
The	
  mafia	
  gangs	
  are	
  smaller	
  and	
  only	
  control	
  two	
  or	
  three	
  women.	
  Control	
  now	
  takes	
  the	
  form,	
  not	
  of	
  
direct	
  physical	
  extortion	
  against	
  the	
  women,	
  but	
  more	
  indirect	
  methods.	
  One	
  common	
  practice	
  involves	
  
a	
  man	
  tricking	
  the	
  woman,	
  making	
  her	
  believe	
  that	
  he	
  has	
  fallen	
   in	
   love	
  with	
  her,	
   in	
  some	
  cases	
  even	
  
making	
  her	
  pregnant.	
  This	
  child	
  is	
  placed	
  in	
  the	
  care	
  of	
  the	
  network	
  and	
  the	
  woman	
  is	
  moved	
  to	
  other	
  
parts	
  of	
  Europe	
  and	
  coerced	
   into	
  engaging	
   in	
   forced	
  prostitution.	
  Control	
  and	
  threats	
  against	
  children	
  
coercive	
  methods	
  that	
  ensure	
  the	
  submission	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  and	
  reduce	
  the	
  risk	
  of	
  them	
  running	
  away	
  
or	
  reporting	
  their	
  situation	
  to	
  the	
  police	
  so	
  as	
  not	
  to	
  jeopardise	
  the	
  welfare	
  of	
  their	
  children.	
  
	
  
In	
   the	
   case	
   of	
  women	
   from	
  Bulgaria,	
   the	
   situation	
   and	
  model	
   are	
   very	
   similar	
   to	
   those	
   of	
   Romanian	
  
origin,	
   though	
   it	
   has	
   been	
   observed	
   that	
   their	
   personal	
   circumstances	
   are	
   worse.	
   Most	
   present	
  
considerable	
  problems	
  in	
  finding	
  food	
  and	
  taking	
  care	
  of	
  their	
  health.	
  Their	
  sociodemographic	
  profile	
  is	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
62	
  
	
  
	
  
more	
   diverse	
   than	
   other	
   groups	
   because	
   the	
   criminal	
   networks	
   engaged	
   in	
   human	
   trafficking	
   for	
   the	
  
purpose	
  of	
   sexual	
  exploitation	
   from	
   this	
   region	
  are	
  better	
  organised.	
   Socio-­‐educational	
   contact	
   in	
   the	
  
street	
  with	
  these	
  women	
  is	
  more	
  difficult	
  because	
  of	
  the	
  control	
  and	
  submission	
  they	
  are	
  subjected	
  to.	
  
Women	
  of	
  Bulgarian	
  origin	
  engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  in	
  Barcelona	
  mainly	
  operate	
  in	
  the	
  Ciutat	
  Vella	
  and	
  
Les	
  Corts	
  districts.	
  
	
  
One	
  of	
  the	
  main	
  reasons	
  that	
  some	
  women	
  of	
  Latin	
  American	
  origin	
  give	
  for	
  engaging	
  in	
  prostitution	
  is	
  
to	
  maintain	
  their	
  children,	
  who	
  often	
  have	
  been	
  left	
  in	
  the	
  charge	
  of	
  the	
  family	
  in	
  the	
  country	
  of	
  origin,	
  
and	
  the	
  women	
  are	
  responsible	
  for	
  sending	
  enough	
  money	
  to	
  maintain	
  family	
  stability.	
  In	
  other	
  cases,	
  
their	
  children	
  are	
   in	
  Barcelona	
  and	
   the	
  women	
  need	
  a	
  source	
  of	
   income	
  to	
  cover	
   family	
  needs.	
  Some	
  
women	
  combine	
  prostitution	
  with	
  another	
  job	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  supplement	
  their	
  income	
  
	
  	
  
It	
   is	
   observed	
   that	
   the	
   group	
  of	
  women	
   from	
  Morocco	
   engaged	
   in	
   prostitution	
   do	
   so	
   on	
  more	
   of	
   an	
  
occasional	
   basis.	
   They	
   are	
   mainly	
   found	
   in	
   Ciutat	
   Vella	
   district.	
   A	
   very	
   common	
   factor	
   amongst	
   this	
  
group	
   is	
   that	
   the	
   women	
   have	
   often	
   been	
   victims	
   of	
   gender	
   violence	
   in	
   their	
   own	
   country	
   and	
   use	
  
migration	
  as	
  a	
  means	
  of	
  becoming	
  free.	
  The	
  fact	
  that	
  they	
  are	
  not	
  able	
  to	
  regularise	
  their	
  situation	
  and	
  
have	
  low	
  levels	
  of	
  education	
  means	
  that,	
  once	
  in	
  Spain,	
  they	
  begin	
  to	
  engage	
  in	
  prostitution.	
  The	
  client	
  
profile	
   is	
  generally	
  made	
  up	
  of	
  Moroccan	
  and	
  Pakistani	
  boys	
  of	
  Moroccan	
  and	
  Pakistani	
   from	
  shops	
   in	
  
the	
  Raval	
  area.	
  This	
  is	
  an	
  unusual	
  form	
  of	
  prostitution	
  as	
  it	
  is	
  not	
  always	
  associated	
  with	
  the	
  sexual	
  act,	
  
but	
  rather	
  of	
  being	
  together,	
  making	
  conversation	
  and	
  providing	
  company.	
  	
  
	
  
One	
  of	
  the	
  most	
  common	
  characteristics	
  that	
  help	
  to	
  define	
  prostitution	
  by	
  Spanish	
  women	
  is	
  that	
  they	
  
engage	
  in	
  this	
  activity	
  during	
  specific	
  periods	
  of	
  their	
  lives,	
  largely	
  to	
  resolve	
  serious	
  financial	
  problems.	
  
Many	
   of	
   these	
   women	
   share	
   in	
   common	
   the	
   fact	
   that	
   they	
   are	
   widows,	
   who	
   receive	
   some	
   sort	
   of	
  
benefits	
  such	
  as	
  RMI	
  minimum	
  wage	
  for	
  integration	
  and	
  have	
  very	
  low	
  income.	
  They	
  operate	
  on	
  Ronda	
  
Sant	
  Antoni,	
  around	
  the	
  Raval	
  neighbourhood	
  and	
  in	
  Les	
  Corts	
  district.	
  Some	
  of	
  them	
  recently	
  returned	
  
to	
  prostitution	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  provide	
  financial	
  support	
  for	
  their	
  entire	
  families	
  (children	
  and	
  grandchildren),	
  
in	
  most	
   cases	
  broken	
   families	
  affected	
  by	
   such	
   situations	
  as	
  drug	
  addiction	
  of	
   family	
  members,	
   crime	
  
and	
  serious	
  illness.	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
	
  
63	
  
	
  
	
  
8.	
  Economic	
  distribution	
  	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  budget	
   2010	
   2011	
   2012	
   2013	
   2014	
  
SOCIO-­‐EDUCATIONAL	
  ASSISTANCE	
  SERVICE	
  (SAS)	
  	
   	
   	
   	
   	
   	
  
	
   211.674,23	
   241.986,71	
   287.942,50	
   317.867,27	
   	
  317.867,27	
  	
  
FINANCIAL	
  AID	
  TO	
  WOMEN	
  	
  	
   	
   	
   	
   	
   	
  
	
  	
   11.721,00	
   16.000,00	
   18.000,00	
   18.000,00	
   	
  20.000,00	
  	
  
TRAINING	
  AND	
  INTEGRATION	
  INTO	
  
EMPLOYMENT	
  
	
   	
   	
   	
   	
   	
  
Comprehensive	
  programme	
  for	
  re-­‐employment	
  (DIR)	
   224.625,85	
   232.487,75	
   260.799,35	
   368.027,93	
   	
  318.791,78	
  	
  
Recovery,	
  empowerment	
  and	
  integration	
  into	
  employment	
  of	
  
women	
  victims	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  (RAI)	
  
….	
   ….	
   88.008,90	
   99.745,99	
   	
  110.000,00	
  	
  
Personal	
  advisory	
  itinerary	
  for	
  integration	
  into	
  employment	
  (ITI)	
   ….	
   83.290,00	
   83.290,00	
   83.290,00	
   	
  94.624,25	
  	
  
Comprehensive	
  intervention	
  with	
  transsexual	
  people	
  (ACCIÓ)	
   ….	
   ….	
   128.727,22	
   128.727,22	
   	
  64.000,00	
  	
  
Employment	
  and	
  training	
  itineraries	
  	
   40.591,25	
   40.592,00	
   48.590,00	
   48.590,00	
   	
  40.592,00	
  	
  
Accompaniment	
  service	
  	
   ….	
   ….	
   40.000,00	
   40.000,00	
   	
  40.000,00	
  	
  
Dona	
  Kolors22	
   ….	
   ….	
   	
  	
   ]	
   	
  18.000,00	
  	
  
“Dona	
  Impuls”	
  (Barcelona	
  Activa)	
   	
  	
   	
  	
   61.347,00	
   50.700,00	
   	
  ….	
  	
  
SOCIAL	
  ASSISTANCE	
  FOR	
  WOMEN	
   	
  	
   	
  	
   	
  	
   	
  	
   	
  	
   	
  	
  
	
  Intermediate	
  emergencies	
  23	
   24.838,50	
   24.838,50	
   24.838,50	
   24.838,50	
   	
  27.447,30	
  	
  
LEGAL	
  ASSISTANCE	
  TO	
  WOMEN	
   	
  	
   	
   	
   	
   	
   	
  
	
   	
   ….	
   ….	
   ….	
   ….	
   	
  26,031.43	
  	
  
ASSISTANCE	
  TO	
  WOMEN	
  WHO	
  ENGAGE	
  IN	
  PROSTITUTION	
  IN	
  BARS,	
  CLUBS	
  AND	
  
APARTMENTS	
  	
  
	
  	
   	
  	
   	
  	
   	
  	
  
	
  Eixample	
   ….	
   ….	
   ….	
   7,808.14	
   	
  31,232.54	
  	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
22	
  Dona	
  Kolors	
  is	
  not	
  constituted	
  as	
  an	
  organisation	
  and	
  in	
  2013	
  and	
  2012,	
  8.000	
  euros	
  was	
  provided	
  for	
  the	
  Women	
  and	
  Prostitution	
  agreement.	
  
23	
  Intermediate	
  emergencies:	
  in	
  2014,	
  this	
  included	
  parenting	
  workshops	
  for	
  Nigerian	
  women	
  users	
  of	
  the	
  SAS.	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
	
  
64	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  Les	
  Corts	
   ….	
   ….	
   ….	
   10,840.00	
   	
  24,000.00	
  	
  
	
  Rest	
  of	
  the	
  city	
   ….	
   10,000.00	
   20,000.00	
   20,000.00	
   	
  20,000.00	
  	
  
ASSISTANCE	
  TO	
  VICTIMS	
  OF	
  SEXUAL	
  
EXPLOITATION	
  
	
   	
   	
   	
   	
   	
  
Shelter	
  and	
  protection	
   96,197,22	
   99,564.12	
   99,564.12	
   99,564.12	
   	
  99,564.12	
  	
  
Halfway	
  house	
  and	
  independent	
  apartment	
   26,368,91	
   26,368.91	
   26,368.91	
   40,939.17	
   	
  40,939.17	
  	
  
Legal	
  representation	
   ….	
   14,160.00	
   12,425.00	
   12,000.00	
   	
  18,150.00	
  	
  
STUDIES	
  AND	
  EVALUATIONS	
   	
   	
   	
   	
   	
   	
  
Study	
  of	
  the	
  situation	
  of	
  prostitution	
  in	
  the	
  city	
  of	
  Barcelona	
   ….	
   ….	
   ….	
   30,000..00	
   	
  61,914.26	
  	
  
Surt	
  -­‐	
  DIR-­‐TS	
  impact	
   ….	
   21,073.84	
   ….	
   ….	
   	
  ….	
  	
  
Monitoring	
  indicators	
   ....	
   ….	
   12,624.79	
   ….	
   	
  ….	
  	
  
Impact	
  of	
  the	
  SICAR	
  programme	
  of	
  recovery	
  from	
  sexual	
  
exploitation	
  (SICAR)	
  
….	
   ….	
   10,736.90	
   ….	
   	
  ….	
  	
  
Les	
  Corts	
   14,160,00	
   ….	
   ….	
   ….	
   	
  ….	
  	
  
Comparative	
  study	
  of	
  laws	
   ….	
   ….	
   4,356.00	
   ….	
   	
  ….	
  	
  
Recommendations	
  to	
  the	
  media	
   ….	
   ….	
   ….	
   10,384.50	
   	
  ….	
  	
  
Legislative	
  and	
  social	
  study	
   	
  	
   ....	
   ....	
   25,000..00	
  	
   ....	
   ....	
  
SAS	
  DATABASE	
   	
   	
   	
   	
   	
   	
  
Creation	
  and	
  improvement.	
  Maintenance	
   40,635,39	
   3,917.60	
   10,000..00	
   20,000..00	
   	
  10,000..00	
  	
  
OTHER	
   	
  	
   	
  	
   	
  	
   	
  	
  
	
  Communication,	
  networking	
  and	
  other	
   18,460	
   4,381.87	
   2,673.83	
   2,700.00	
   	
  6,700.00	
  	
  
INTERNATIONAL	
  COOPERATION	
   	
  	
   ….	
   ….	
   20,000..00	
   ….	
   	
  ….	
  	
  
	
  TOTAL	
  	
   	
  	
   709,272.35	
   818,661.30	
   1,279,654.01	
   1,383,647.70	
   	
  1,389,854.12	
  	
  
	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
	
  
65	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
9.	
  Impact	
  indicators	
  for	
  programmes	
  of	
  integration	
  into	
  employment	
  
	
  
2013	
  PROGRAMMES	
  	
  
Cases	
  of	
  
integration	
  
2011	
  
Cases	
  of	
  
integration	
  
201224	
  
Cases	
  of	
  integration	
  
201325	
   Notes	
  
Woman	
  and	
  Prostitution.	
  Social	
  and	
  
employment	
  programme	
  2013	
  
20	
  women	
  	
  
20	
  contracts	
  	
  
31	
  women	
  
32	
  contracts	
  	
  
17	
  women	
  	
  
17	
  contracts	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  12	
  women	
  in	
  the	
  informal	
  
market	
  
Participation	
  in	
  training	
  activities:	
  	
  
82	
  women	
  in	
  2011	
  
127	
  women	
  in	
  2012	
  
180	
  women	
  in	
  2013	
  
Enfilant	
  l’Agulla	
  (“Threading	
  the	
  
Needle”)	
  
	
  -­‐	
   2	
  women	
  	
  
2	
  contracts	
  	
  
3	
  women	
  
3	
  contracts	
  	
  
	
  
4	
  women	
  in	
  the	
  informal	
  
market	
  
Training:	
  
25	
  women	
  in	
  2012	
  
38	
  women	
  in	
  2013	
  
DIR	
  Comprehensive	
  programme	
  for	
  
the	
  re-­‐employment	
  of	
  women	
  
engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  
30	
  women	
  
36	
  contracts	
  	
  
36	
  women	
  
50	
  contracts	
  
37	
  women	
  
45	
  contracts	
  
	
  
	
  
20	
   women	
   in	
   the	
   informal	
  
market	
  
2012	
  
61	
   participants,	
   34	
   of	
   whom	
   continued	
   to	
   be	
  
active	
  31/12	
  (one	
  group	
  ends	
  in	
  March,	
  another	
  
in	
  July).	
  
2013	
  
79	
   participants,	
   39	
   of	
   whom	
   continued	
   to	
   be	
  
active	
  31/12	
  (one	
  group	
  ends	
  in	
  March,	
  another	
  
in	
  July	
  2014).	
  
ITI	
  Personal	
  advisory	
  itinerary	
  for	
  the	
  
employment	
  of	
  women	
  who	
  have	
  
engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  
	
  -­‐	
   16	
  women	
  	
  
24	
  contracts	
  	
  
17	
  women	
  
27	
  contracts	
  	
  
	
  
	
  
8	
   women	
   in	
   the	
   informal	
  
market	
  
2012	
  
25	
  participants	
  
2013	
  
23	
  participants	
  	
  
39	
  integration	
  into	
  training	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
24Approval	
  of	
  the	
  new	
  government	
  measure,	
  which	
  signified	
  an	
  increase	
  in	
  the	
  number	
  of	
  programmes	
  targeting	
  integration	
  into	
  employment.	
  
25	
  It	
  happens	
  that	
  one	
  woman	
  found	
  work	
  in	
  both	
  the	
  formal	
  and	
  informal	
  employment	
  markets.	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
	
  
66	
  
	
  
	
  
Special	
  accompaniment	
  provision	
  for	
  
integration	
  into	
  the	
  employment	
  
market	
  and	
  the	
  social	
  fabric	
  of	
  people	
  
engaged	
  in	
  prostitution	
  and	
  seek	
  
employment	
  alternatives	
  	
  
	
  -­‐	
   10	
  women	
  
14	
  contracts	
  
22	
  women	
  
33	
  contracts	
  
	
  
	
  
12	
   women	
   in	
   the	
   informal	
  
market	
  
2012	
  
44	
   women.	
   This	
   is	
   a	
   programme	
   for	
  
accompaniment	
   in	
   integration	
   and,	
   therefore,	
  
women	
  may	
   join	
   from	
   the	
   programme	
   launch	
  
to	
  the	
  end	
  of	
  the	
  year	
  	
  
2013	
  
84	
  women	
  
23	
  integration	
  into	
  training	
  
RAI	
  Intervention	
  for	
  the	
  recovery,	
  
empowerment	
  and	
  integration	
  into	
  
employment	
  of	
  women	
  who	
  have	
  
been	
  victims	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  
	
  -­‐	
   2	
  women	
  	
  
2	
  contracts	
  
6	
  women	
  
15	
  contracts	
  	
  
	
  
	
  	
  
7	
  women	
  in	
  the	
  informal	
  
market	
  
2012	
  
12	
  participants	
  
2013	
  
18	
  participants	
  
30	
  integration	
  into	
  training	
  
ACCIÓ	
  Programme	
  of	
  comprehensive	
  
intervention	
  for	
  transsexual	
  people	
  
linked	
  to	
  prostitution	
  milieus	
  in	
  the	
  
city	
  of	
  Barcelona	
  	
  
	
  -­‐	
   2	
  women	
  
2	
  contracts	
  
7	
  women26	
  
9	
  contracts	
  	
  
	
  
	
  
2012	
  
26	
   participants	
   with	
   training,	
   integration	
   and	
  
social	
  itineraries	
  	
  
2013	
  
31	
  participants	
  
“Dona	
  Impuls”	
  (Promotion	
  of	
  
Women)	
  
	
  -­‐	
   	
  -­‐	
   10	
  women	
  
10	
  contracts	
  	
  
1	
   woman	
   in	
   the	
   informal	
  
market	
  
43	
  participants	
  	
  
TOTAL	
  NUMBER	
  OF	
  WOMEN	
  
RECEIVING	
  CONTRACTS	
   50	
  	
   99	
  	
   119
27	
  	
  
	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
26	
  Figures	
  for	
  the	
  period	
  from	
  1	
  January	
  2013	
  to	
  31	
  December	
  2013,	
  corresponding	
  to	
  two	
  different	
  editions	
  of	
  the	
  programme.	
  
27	
  159	
  contracts	
  in	
  2013,	
  with	
  64	
  women	
  integrated	
  into	
  the	
  informal	
  employment	
  market.	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
	
  
67	
  
	
  
	
  
10.	
  Indicators	
  of	
  programmes	
  to	
  enter	
  enclosed	
  spaces	
  	
  
2013	
  PROGRAMMES	
  
Enclosed	
  spaces	
  
visited	
  
2013	
  
Women	
  
contacted	
  
201328	
  
Different	
  
women	
  given	
  
assistance	
  	
  
201329	
  
Notes	
  
Eixample	
  	
   30	
  	
   141	
   45	
   Launch	
  of	
  pilot	
  programme	
  1/10/13.	
  
Les	
  Corts	
   1430	
   60	
   17	
   Launch	
  of	
  pilot	
  programme	
  1/7/13.	
  
Rest	
  of	
  the	
  city	
   1931	
   217	
   162	
   Launch	
  of	
  pilot	
  programme	
  24/2/2011.	
  
TOTAL	
   63	
   418	
   224	
   	
  
	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
28	
  Due	
  to	
  the	
  nature	
  of	
  the	
  locales,	
  the	
  women	
  are	
  mobile	
  and	
  one	
  single	
  woman	
  may	
  have	
  been	
  contacted	
  more	
  than	
  once.	
  
29	
  The	
  women	
  receive	
  individual	
  monitoring	
  and	
  assistance.	
  
30	
  The	
  intervention	
  in	
  Les	
  Corts	
  district	
  enabled	
  the	
  team	
  to	
  note	
  that	
  many	
  enclosed	
  spaces	
  border	
  on	
  Sants	
  district.	
  Accordingly,	
  in	
  2014	
  the	
  intervention	
  will	
  be	
  extended	
  to	
  this	
  area.	
  
31	
  The	
  programme	
  was	
  launched	
  in	
  2011.	
  Although	
  the	
  service	
  visited	
  19	
  locales,	
  women	
  from	
  88	
  enclosed	
  spaces	
  were	
  contacted	
  and	
  provided	
  with	
  assistance.	
  Many	
  of	
  them	
  already	
  knew	
  about	
  the	
  
programme	
  and	
  approached	
  it	
  under	
  their	
  own	
  initiative.	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
	
  
68	
  
	
  
	
  
11.	
  Evaluation	
  and	
  conclusions	
  	
  
	
  
• The	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  covers	
  all	
  areas	
  of	
  the	
  city	
  where	
  prostitution	
  goes	
  on	
  in	
  the	
  street.	
  
• In	
   2013,	
   the	
  Agency	
  participated	
   in	
  14	
  police	
  operations	
   (one	
   at	
   hairdressers’	
   establishments	
  
and	
  beauty	
   salons	
   run	
  by	
  Chinese	
  people).	
   It	
  has	
  provided	
  assistance	
   two	
  women,	
   receiving	
  a	
  
highly	
  positive	
  evaluation,	
  as	
  the	
  service	
  reached	
  new	
  women	
  and	
  provided	
  them	
  with	
  social	
  or	
  
containment	
  assistance	
  in	
  those	
  moments.	
  The	
  Agency	
  also	
  assisted	
  the	
  police	
  in	
  their	
  work	
  and	
  
helped	
  to	
  raise	
  mutual	
  knowledge	
  and	
  understanding.	
  	
  
• In	
  this	
  report,	
  the	
  figures	
  are	
  broken	
  down	
  by	
  gender.	
  In	
  2013,	
  6.3%	
  of	
  people	
  attended	
  were	
  
transsexuals	
  and	
  93.7%	
  women.	
  	
  
• Contacts	
  made	
  and	
  assistance	
  provided	
  increased	
  by	
  25.24%	
  and	
  10.20%	
  respectively.	
  	
  
• 409	
  different	
  women	
  were	
  assisted	
  in	
  2013.	
  	
  
• 126	
  of	
  these	
  409	
  women	
  were	
  provided	
  with	
  assistance	
  for	
  the	
  first	
  time	
  in	
  2013.	
  
• The	
  requests	
  received	
  by	
  the	
  team	
  rose	
  to	
  11,122	
  compared	
  to	
  9,069	
  in	
  the	
  previous	
  year.	
  This	
  
represents	
   an	
   increase	
   of	
   22.64%.	
   Main	
   requests:	
   housing	
   (110.94%),	
   documentation	
  
procedures	
  (73.02%),	
  requests	
  relating	
  to	
  children	
  (64.48%)	
  and	
  social	
  services	
  (59.95%).	
  
• There	
   was	
   a	
   28.37%	
   increase	
   in	
   psychological	
   assistance	
   interviews.	
   88.88%	
   of	
   the	
   women	
  
provided	
  with	
  assistance	
  were	
  or	
  had	
  been	
  victims	
  of	
  male	
  violence.	
  
• 15%	
  of	
   accompaniments	
  were	
  outside	
   the	
   city	
  of	
  Barcelona.	
  A	
   total	
   of	
   647	
  accompaniments	
  
were	
  provided.	
  
• Accompaniment	
  decreased	
  by	
  4.44%	
  (from	
  677	
  in	
  2012	
  to	
  647	
  in	
  2013)	
  because:	
  
-­‐ The	
  Agency	
  has	
  worked	
  constantly	
  over	
  the	
  last	
  six	
  years	
  to	
  promote	
  the	
  autonomy	
  and	
  
empowerment	
  of	
  the	
  women.	
  
-­‐ The	
   users’	
   increased	
   knowledge	
   about	
   the	
   different	
   organisations	
   with	
   which	
   the	
  
Agency	
  establishes	
  cooperation	
  agreements	
  makes	
  accompaniment	
  unnecessary.	
  
• The	
   impossibility	
   of	
   Romanian	
   joining	
   programmes	
   for	
   integration	
   into	
   employment.	
   This	
   is	
  
because,	
   although	
   they	
   are	
   European	
   citizens	
  with	
   residence	
   permits,	
   Spain’s	
  moratorium	
   on	
  
ratifying	
  international	
  treaties	
  means	
  that	
  they	
  cannot	
  obtain	
  work	
  permits.	
  
• There	
  was	
  a	
  26.96%	
  increase	
  in	
  the	
  number	
  of	
  coordination	
  operations	
  between	
  the	
  SAS	
  and	
  
other	
  municipal	
  services	
  in	
  the	
  city	
  of	
  Barcelona	
  and	
  municipalities	
  in	
  the	
  metropolitan	
  area.	
  
• 87%	
  of	
  all	
  women	
  whose	
   files	
  were	
  open	
  at	
   the	
  end	
  of	
   the	
  year	
  were	
  migrants.	
   The	
   largest	
  
groups	
   were	
   women	
   from	
   Sub-­‐Saharan	
   Africa,	
   followed	
   by	
   those	
   from	
   Eastern	
   European	
  
countries,	
  Latin	
  America,	
  Spain,	
  Morocco	
  and,	
  for	
  the	
  first	
  time,	
  Asia.	
  By	
  country,	
  the	
  orders	
  is	
  as	
  
follows:	
   Nigeria	
   (27.06%),	
   Romania	
   (23.42%),	
   Spain	
   (12.9%),	
   Ecuador	
   (7.50%)	
   and	
   Morocco	
  
(1.50%).	
  
• 72.6%	
  of	
  women	
  attended	
  were	
  in	
  a	
  regular	
  administrative	
  situation.	
  	
  
• 92%	
  had	
  health	
  cards.	
  The	
  tendency	
  for	
  the	
  number	
  of	
  women	
  with	
  access	
  to	
  health	
  services	
  to	
  
rise	
  since	
  the	
  service	
  was	
  established	
  continues.	
  
State	
  of	
  implementation	
  and	
  impact	
  of	
  actions	
  by	
  the	
  ABITS	
  Agency	
  in	
  its	
  comprehensive	
  approach	
  to	
  prostitution	
  and	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  exploitation	
  	
  
	
  
69	
  
	
  
	
  
• Approximately	
  half	
  of	
  the	
  women	
  provided	
  with	
  assistance	
  are	
  mothers.	
  
• The	
  situation	
  of	
  the	
  Romanian	
  women	
  became	
  complicated	
  as	
  they	
  reside	
  legally	
   in	
  Spain	
  but	
  
cannot	
  work	
   on	
   the	
   formal	
   employment	
  market.	
   This	
   prevents	
   them	
   from	
  being	
   able	
   to	
   take	
  
part	
  in	
  training	
  and	
  integration	
  into	
  employment	
  processes	
  despite	
  the	
  availability	
  of	
  resources	
  
and	
  the	
  requests	
  these	
  women	
  themselves	
  put	
  forward.	
  
• Consolidation	
   of	
   the	
   RAI	
   programme	
   for	
   the	
   recovery,	
   empowerment	
   and	
   integration	
   into	
  
employment	
  of	
  women	
  who	
  have	
  been	
  victims	
  of	
  human	
  trafficking	
  for	
  the	
  purpose	
  of	
  sexual	
  
exploitation,	
  in	
  which	
  18	
  women	
  took	
  part.	
  This	
  is	
  a	
  completely	
  innovative	
  programme,	
  and	
  no	
  
similar	
  initiatives	
  are	
  known	
  in	
  Spain.	
  	
  
	
  
• Consolidation	
   of	
   the	
   Enfilant	
   l’Agulla	
   (“Threading	
   the	
   Needle”)	
   programme,	
   a	
   social	
  
entrepreneurial	
   initiative	
   that	
   combines	
   training	
   in	
   sewing	
   (38	
  women	
   took	
   part	
   in	
   the	
   latest	
  
edition)	
   and	
   garment-­‐making	
   in	
   a	
   dedicated	
  workshop.	
   The	
   clothes	
   are	
   sold	
   under	
   the	
   Dona	
  
Kolors	
   social	
   brand.	
   The	
   programme	
   led	
   to	
   the	
   recruitment	
   of	
   four	
   of	
   the	
   women	
   who	
  
completed	
  the	
  training	
  (2012-­‐2013	
  period)	
  for	
  jobs	
  at	
  the	
  workshop.	
  
	
  
• 20.20%	
   increase	
   in	
   the	
   number	
   of	
   women	
   integrated	
   into	
   employment	
   with	
   contract	
  
compared	
  to	
  the	
  previous	
  year.	
  
• The	
  launch	
  of	
  two	
  pilot	
  programmes	
  to	
  enter	
  and	
  intervene	
  in	
  closed	
  spaces	
  in	
  the	
  Eixample	
  
and	
   Les	
   Corts	
   districts	
   enabled	
   numbers	
   of	
   women	
   identified	
   and	
   interventions	
   in	
   locales	
  
where	
  prostitution	
  takes	
  place,	
   increasing	
  our	
  understanding	
  of	
  the	
  situation	
  and	
  attending	
  to	
  
the	
  women’s	
  needs.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
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BCN
2013 report on the state of implementation 
and impact of actions by the ABITS Agency 
in its comprehensive approach to prostitution 
and human trafficking for the purpose of 
sexual exploitation  
2013 REPORT